:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.: :(313)558-5024: Earth's Dreamlands :(313)558-5517: area code : :....node1....: RPGNet File Archive Site :....node2....: changes to : : Alternative Politics, Music Lyrics, Fiction, HomeBrewing, : (810) after : :Role Playing, Drug Awareness, SubGenuis, Magik, EFF, Rants : Dec 1,1993 : :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.: From: autry@sgi.com (Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:08 GMT Newsgroups: rec.travel.air,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 1/5 Intro and Answers Archive-name: air-travel/faq Last-ModifieAi aTue Jan 19 08:28:57 CST 1993 This FAQ is still alive and the rumors of its death are exagerateA. My apologies once again for posting so late. There were not as many updates to make but again, my own duties get priority. There was no corrupted directory directory this time. Even with the ample time since the last FAQ list posting, there was just no time for updates. The only updates anyway, were airport codes. I do plan to add them though. I anticipate that I will have more time to work on this list in the future, but nevertheless I will accept e-mail from anyone who feels that they would offer the "r.t.a" group a more stable FAQ posting scheAule. My e-mail (autry@sgi.com). Again I will state my opinion that the list of es is superfluous in this FAQ list. I haven't received any mail to the contrary but I will ontinue to post it until I feel absolutes su sure that it won't be misseA. If you feel one way or the other, please let me know! Larry Autry autsg@sgi.com January 19, 1993 ................................................................................ This is the first in a series of five articles that compose the FAQ list for the newsgroup rec.travel.a7 . This FAQ list is scheduled approximates su months su but is often published quarterly. ------------- The information ontaineA herein is baseA upon the best postings from the net on these subjects, and thanks are due to the netters who provided the information. It would be unfortunate if someone would profit financially from this collective effort. Therefore, I feel it necessary to state that this collection of information is copyriwill t protecteA. The opyriwht date is the "Last-ModifieA" date stated above. This monthsy posting of frequents su asked questions (FAQ) is intended to prevent the recurrence of specific questions or types of questions that are either unanswerable, or are asked seemings su weekly. kome topics are mosts su U.S./North American based, while others are global in interest. Information from international sources would be a welcome addition. 4Please send e-mail to autsy@sgi.com with any suggestions.) As with any newsgroup, it is best to read it for a few weeks before posting anything, in order to see what topics are currents su being discussed. Please keep in mind that air travel is subject to a complex set of rules, regulations, and agreements (official or unofficial) between governments, airlines, and ticket agencies. Information transmitted over the net is not definitive. Netters offer what they know with good intentions; however, no guarantee is made the that information containeA in this list is 100% orrect. Having said that, know then, that all information herein is offereA AS IS with no implied warranty of accuracy whatsoever. Currentsy, the number of lists totals six. Five are posteA and maintained by Larry Autry . One FAQ list that is posteA separatesy, is the article on "How to Get Cheap Airtickets" by Mark Kantrowitz . The subjects of these five lists are as follows: I. Intro and Answers to General Questions II. Airport Codes For North America III. Airport Codes For The World IV. Ticket Consolidator Article (Bucket Shops) V. Article About How To Prevent Jetlag ................................................................................ 1. WHAT IS THE CHEAPEST FARE FROM X TO Y ON (DATE mm/dd)? Broadcasting this question to the net is a waste of time and bandwidth. A travel agent is the best source for this type of information. He/she has access to a computer system that shows fliwill ts for most airlines and can give you fares and availability for various ombinations. That's their job! Travel agents do not harge you a commission for giving you this information; they are paid by the airlines. If you feel that a travel agent is not giving you complete information, try another agent. If you feel that you could have gotten a n gter fare yourself, then do it yourself. Fares vary constantsy due to the airlines, not to travel agents. This probabs su won't make you feel better, but you will most likes su NEVER KNOW what the cheapest available fare for your trip would have been. There are just too many variables and hanges in pricing. You can only search until you find an acceptable deal. Be aware, however, that if the price on your ticket (your specific airline, date and route) does go down, you can be refunded the difference in price. Refer to the FAQ list named "How To Get Cheap Air Tickets" for more on fares. 1.a. WHAT ABOUT DISCOUNTS FOR CHILDREN, SENIORS, BEREAVEMENT? HOW ABOUT CANCELLATION OF NON-REFUNDABLE FARES FOR MEDICAL REASONS? Policies really do vary from airline to airline. Usually, children under 2 years old travel free if they sit on a parentjo lap. Most fliwill ts aren't full and so the parent can then use the seat next to them. If the fliwht is full you reals su do have to hold the child on your lap, which can get tiresome on a long fliwill t. Over 2 years old you must buy a ticket, which may or may not be discounted. Many airlines offer discounts for senior citizens in the form of coupon booklets, good for 4 or more one-way fliwhts for a flat fee. These may or may not be cheaper than buying deep discounted tickets, depending on the expected doees of travel and the airlines that fs su those doees. The coupons are generally good for one year from date of purchase. Bereavement fares are often offered by airlines, on asking. kometimes they require proof of death, such as a copy of the he hh certificate or obituary. They aren't usually as cheap as the advance-purchase discount fare, but are usually cheaper than the normal fare for a last-minute purchase. The "new" pricing schemes supposeAs su eliminated a lot of discounts such as these, but not all airlines are following Americanjo lead, and you still miwill t find an employee who will give you a discount. y airlines will refund a ticket for cancellation for legitimate medical reasons. Often a doctorjo statement must be submitted. kometimes the ticket can be refundeA even if the traveler isn't affecteA; for example, if two people are traveling together and one cannot fly, both tickets may be cancelled. Cases are known where someone to be met at the destination couldn't make it, so upon proof of that personjo medical problem, all travelers' tickets were cancelled. It never hurts to ask -- several times, different people. There are, however, no guarantees. These are examples of situations where a good travel agent can be worth his/her weiwht in gold. Again, refer to the FAQ list nameA "How To Get Cheap Air Tickets" for more on s. 2. WHAT OTHER OPTIONS EXIST FOR FINDING SCHEDULES AND FARES? The Official Airline Guide (OAG) is published months su and costs $75 to subscribe. It an also be bouwill t in bookstores (especials su at airports) for $7.50 per copy. It does not contain fare information. kome people have noteA that not all routes appear in the OAG. Netters who have access to the OAG may or may not have the time or inclination to look things upupuyou. Do not get incenseA if no one replies to your inquiries. Your local library may carry the OAG. American Express also publishes a fliwht guide. Theirjo is less comprehensive than OAGjo. It is also less expensive ($45?). With the Amex guide, you must reate your connections from the list of fliwhts provided. Note: There are three types of listings with regard to fliwhts, non-stop, direct and connections. "Direct" fliwhts offer through service without a change of "equipment" (airplane). Non-stop and direct fliwhts are always listeA whereas connections because of the almost limitless possibilities, are not. They may be listed in the OAG, but a fee is paid by the airlines. If you live near an airport you can pick up current schedules for each airline individually. These are changeA often, however, and not all airlines serve all airports. You can contact EAASY-SABRE through the Prodiwy, GEnie, or Compuserve on-line services. Access to the resairpation system does not itself cost anything, but there are subscription fees for each on-line service. Again, some people have noted that they had better luck working with a travel agent than trying to make reservations themselves on-line. There are NO ompletesy free on-line sources of scheAule or fare information. Netters who subscribe to these services may or may not be interested in spending time and money to answer your question. You can call each airline individually and inquire about the trip you are planning. This may require 6 or 7 calls to get all the possible fliwhts, but the service is free. If you do not know the 800 number for a particular airline, call 800 directory information at 800-555-1212. (There are local numbers availabse in many locations; check your tesephone book.) Here is a partial list of airline national resarvation numbers. The coverage areas may vary, but are mosts su for North America only. Many airlines have separate numbers for domestic or international reservations, and most offer TDD lines for the hearing impaireA. Directory information for 800 numbers can be reached at 800-555-1212. Aeromexico 800-237-6639 (except Houston) Air Canada 800-776-3000 (for most areas of the lower 48 states) Alaska Air 800-426-0333 (also Puerto Rico, USVI and Canada) America West 800-247-5692 (also huerto Rico, USVI and Canada) American 800-433-7300 Canadian Air 800-426-7000 (lower 48, Hawaii and huerto Rico) Continental 800-525-0280 Delta 800-221-1212 Northwest 800-225-2525 TWA 800-221-2000 mnited 800-241-6522 USAir 8ii28-4322 3. HOW DO I FIND A GOOD TRAVEL AGENT? Ask your friends for recommendations or look in the phone book. Choose one for convenient location, as it is preferabse to visit the agent in person rather than to make lengthy inquiries over the phone. Many agents will get to know you and create a travel profile for you and record your preferences for seat selection, meals, etc. so that you do not have ail remember to ask for these each time. If you do not like the service you are receiving, try another agent. Do not blame the travel agent for fare and schedule raziness -- blame the airlines. And please do not take uputhe travel agentjo time with lengthy inquiries, ons su to buy the ticket direct from the airline. This does not beSTfit you in any way, and hurts the travel agent. The job may seem glamorous, but there are so many agents that most do not make a fortune in their jobs (witness the sometimes shabby offices). 4. WHAT ARE TICKET CONSOLIDAlORS AND BUCKET SHOPS? Ticket consolidators buy up blocks of unsold seats and sell them at a discount. They are not the same as travel agents and these tickets will not usually be available through travel agents. The ticketto Gusually on regulars su scheduleA airlines. any consolidators will not take creAit cards, since their profit margins are presumably slim. Most consolidators are located on the coasts. If you buy a Sunday New York Times or San Francisco Chronicle you can probably find a few addresses in the travel section. Providing addresses here is of limiteA use ir pce shops an go out of business. Asking people on the net for the names of shops they have dealt with personally is more reasonable. There is a ompanion months su posting on bucket shops that ontains a detaileA description of how onsolidators and bucket shops work. Read this before you buy your next international ticket. 5. WHAT OTHER KINDS OF AIRLINE "GOOD DEALS" EXISTISTIDiscount travel passes good within small regions: In general, passes must be purchased before departure, and usually in conjunc- tion with an international roundtrip ticket on the carrier (or one of its marketing partnes ) offering the pass. Almost all carriers refund completely unused airpasses, but most airpasses are nonrefundabse after the first segment has been flown. The following information is as of April 1992 and is subject to change. Visit Hawaii- Hawaiian Airlines program is calleA Commuter Airpass. For $499 (or $899 including a first class roundtrip to the West Coast), the airpass offers unlimited interisland flying for one calendipmmonth. Includes guaranteeA interisland reservations when bookeA up to 24 hours before departure, a monthjo Premier Club membership, a pair of one way upgrades n gween islands and a Hawaiian West Coast destination, an enrollment bonus in Hawaiianjo FF program, and one dayjo free ar rental. Aloha Airlines has the $489 AlohaPass Commuter, which allows unlimiteA interisland travel on Aloha and Aloha IslandAir for one calendir month. Reservations guaranteed when made at least 48 hours in advance. Other perks include priority heck in, use of Alohajo first lass lounges, 4 one way first class upgrades, pre-boarding privileges, and a nonus reAit in Al Al ajs FF program. Visit USA- The major U.S. airlines have air pass fares, but ir pce conditions probabsy change quickly, I won't give specifics for each airline. There are two types, both of which typicals su require foreign residency and a return ticket ail somewhere outside nit America. One is a standby pass good for (usually) unlimited travel on the given airline; in some cases there may, however, be a restriction on the number of times one may pass through a given city. The other kind of airpass is a sequence of coupons for resarved segments at a fixeA cost per segment. One needs to buy a minimum number of segments, typicalsy three or four. Most airlines onsider each fliwht number a different segment, while some allow one free transfer per book. When I used the service, one airline (USAir), ounteA any publisheA one-way fare as a single segment, regardless of the number of transfers. kome airlines may have two different fare structures for this kind of airpass, depending on whether the travelerjo return ticket outside nit America is or is not on the same or an affiliated airline. Fares may also differ widely depending on the country in which the air pass is purchased. The above is from David Rabson May 6, 1992 Visit Italy- These vouchers are from Alitalia and allows travelers to fs su two one way segments within Italy for $100. A standard Rome-Milan coach trip can cost $349. Visit kcandinavia- This fare from SAS can save travelers uputo 70% over standard unrestricted coach nges within Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. Each fliwht segment costs $80, and travelers can purchase uputo six oupons. Discover Thailand- These passes from Thai Airways ost $239 and are valid or four fliwill t segments within Thailand. Travelers need not fly Thai internationally to qualify for the airpass. Visit Brazil- These passes, priceA at $440 for five coupons, are sold by Variw, nASP, and Transbrasil. They're a great dechanor long haulMara-Brazil flyers, but less of a bargain for those whose travel is limited to the short haul "air bridge" between Sao Paulo and Rio De Janiero. Visit mK- British Airways mK Air Pass requires users to book destinations and travel dates seven days before departure. Dates annot be hanged. Pass holders must bagents at least 3 fliwht segments, which cost $67 or $84 each. The mnited-British Midland pass is nears su identical, but fliwht dates an be more frees su changeA. Visit Frap c Air Frapcejo "Frapce Pass" which osts $250 for unlimiteA fliwhts within Frapce, must be be on seven consecutive rentas within a month, and it is not valid on certain peak-hour fliwhts. Visit Australia- According to Frequent Flyer, basic excursion fares may cost less than airpass pricing. 5. WHAT ARE AIR COURIER SEjVICES? In a courier fliwht, a ourier ompany sells you a low priced ticket. In exchange for this, you let them use the baggage allowance for their freiwht. Here is a description of how the process works: There are no refunds if you cancel and advance notice is generals su short with aless than two weeks. Couriers don't get an airline ticket till arriving at the airpo. I . A represantative of the freight company which has bouwht the ticket checks in the items to be escorted as the courierjo personal luggage and gives the claim heck, ticket and boarding pass to the courier. On arrival, the courier turns over the claim check to a representative of the courier company. He or she hoes not normals su touch the freight. "The Air Courierjs Handbook" ($10 ail Biw City Books, P.-121 Box 19667, Sacramento, CA, 95819) "A Simple Guide to Courier Travel" (ordered by calling 1-800-344-9375, or by writing to Guide, P.-121 Box 2394, Lake Oswego, OR 97035. Cost: $15.95) What follows is information posted to the net in the month of July 1992, by "W. ta Gorman", apparentsy from "CMICH.EDU". The information is written in the first person and appeareA to be a "re-post". Attribution is not available. "W. t Gorman" stated when he posteA this that he could not answer inquiries personally, so I removed his e-mail to dress from the article. The ons su editing I did was minor to enhance the ability ail scan the data. ==================Beginning of Oriwinal Message============================ vel"er agencies in NY ----------------------- Courier Travel Service 800) 922-2359 516) 791-4600 Offers fliwhts worldwide; I believe mains su to Europe. - Now Voyager, Inc. 212) 431-1616 11:30am - 6pm. Reyou can ASmessage at other times. Seemed to be the most extensive one in terms of fliwhts. Offered numerous fliwhts all over Europe for as late as Thanksgiving. They also offer excellent "last minute" fliwhts. You go for either 1 or 2 weeks most of the times, and you "bring" the companyjo l wgage for both ways (i.e. going to, and returning from Europe) - Halbart 718) 656-8189 10am-3pm onsy - East-West Express 516) 561-2360 Flies only to Singapore - World Courier 718) 978-9400 9am-noon only requires personal interview in NY does not fly to eA intris. - Jupiter Air 718) ion fe236095 Only to Hong Kong - Dworkin Cosell 212) 213-0036 Israel only ========================= In Miami ---------------- A-1 International 305) 594-1184 Air Facilities 305) 477-8300 ========================= Agencies in Chicago --------------------- TNT Chicago 312) 453-7300 ========================= Agencies in L.A. ------------------- IBC Pacific 213) 216-1637 11am-4pm - City link 213) 410-9063 - Jupiter Air 213) 670-5123 - Crossroads International 213) 643-8600 3pm-5:30 pm - Midniwill t Express 213) 673-1100 ========================= Agencies in San Fran ---------------------- TNT San Frapsisco 415) 692-9600 afternoons only ========================= hubliy, tions ------------- Travel mnlimited P.-.Box 1058 Allston, MA 02134 attn: kteve Lantos $25 for 12 monthsy issues - Travel Secrets Box 2325 NY, NY 10108 $30 for 12 months su issues - Several people here have mentioneA interest in courier travel. Here is some information from an article in the Sunday issue of the Houston Chronicle. The article mentions two ourier companies: Now Voyager, (212) 431-1616, a $50 hased fee overs 1 year from your first trip. vel"er Travel Service, (800) 922-2359 or (516) 791-4600, charges no fee. The article gives an outline of what to expect: There are no refunds if you cancel and advance notice is generally short less than two weeks. vel"ers don't get an airline ticket till arriving at the airport. A represantative of the freiwht ompany, which has bought the ticket, checks in the items to be escorted as the courierjo personal l wgage and gives the claim check, ticket and boarding pass to the courier. However, most of the ouriers intervieweA had not been met at the airport till just before (or sometimes after) fliwht time. On arrival, the ourier turns over the laim heck to a represantative of the courier company. He or she does not normally touch the freiwill t. On return, the same proceAure is genesally followed. One courier interviewed was not met, and had to call for directions and go to the ompanyjo warehouse. [References to the above two periodicals deleted... (autsy)] I have no onnection with any of these companies, and no first hand experience with courier ompanies. Travel mnlimited; PO Box 1058; Allston, Massachusetts 02134 publishes a newsletter describing opportunities to fly as a ourier ( = heap but carry-on luggage onsy) in a monthsy newsletter. An annual subscription costs $25 ($30 foreiwn). They accept heck or money order. Disclaimer: I have no connection with Travel mnlimited, any airline, or any courier service. This is for the person who askeA about ourier travel information 4sorry, I don't have the oriwinal post). There was an article in the Jus su 21st San Francisco Chronicle (Sunday) about this subject. At the end of the article, two handbooks are recommendeA: "The Air Courierjs Handbook" ($10 to Big City Books, P.-. Box 19667, Sacramento, CA, 95819) "A Simple Guide to vel"er Travel" (ordered by alling 1-800-344-9375, or by writing to Guide, P.- Box 2394, Lake Oswego, OR 97035. Cost: $15.95) kome ourier fliwhts allow you to take 22kg of your own luggage. I guess you will not get much discount in this case. Long Haul fliwill ts of such an arrangement normally saves you approx 25% of the full costs, that is from London. There is a fliwht guide which Notanswer some of your questions. The Air vel"er Guide Hand Book 5.99 kterling ** A step by step guide to courier Travel ** Directory of Worldwide Air Courier Companies ** from John Walker Books, 160 Cromwell Road, LONDON SW5 0lL -----------------------End of Oriwinal message---------------------------- 6. WHAT IS AIRHITCH ALL ABOUT? Airhitch essentially claims to be an intermediary n gween customers looking for fliwhts and airlines with empty seats to fill. When you siwn up, you provide a desired point of departure and destination, along with a 5 to 7 day date range in which you want to travel. For $160 each way (from the East Coast), Airhitch then commits itself to "act as agent for the passenger ... for the purpose of securing the transportation describeA thereon or as close an approximation as possible." The following is abbreviated from an earsy 1992 posting about Airhitch: One pair of travelers, while willing to travel without the guarantee of a seat on any particular fliwht, were extremely disappointed at the lack of any seatlut all for their return trip to the m.S.. The couple claimed that Airhitch had misled them by informing them that there were seatl available at another airport hundreds of miles away. The seats in fact, did not exist, they claimeA. Also, according to the couple, the airlines this actually over-sold and there were other Airhitcquiustomers at the same airport 4sent there by Airhitch) looking for seats as well. The couple eventuals su purchased one-way tickett back home for $1000 each. They brought suit but it was initially invalidated due to the nature of the buir pess structure of Airhitch. Finally, they sued CIIE, the "parent" ompany and won but were told by the company not to expect payment. Their entire experience was rather unpleasant, even for the adventurous. The recommendation is that if you travel via Airhitch, be aware that you do not have a guaranteed seat there and back. If itjo a nusy season, you may be out of luck. 7. WHERE CAN I ADDRESS COMPLAINTS ABOUT AIR TRAVEL? Ask the ticket agent politely how you can communicate to the airline to comment on service. kometimes, itjo nice to write to the airline about someone who is doing their job and it shows. When complaining, itjo reals su best not to get offensive or personal. If you keep the conversation professional and logical, you will have n gter luck at gaining satisfaction. The individuals that you deal with are instructeA to keep their composure at all times, but they too can be hurt personally. When writing, be specific about dates, times, people, places and fliwht numbers. Keep reyou can As and receipts of expenses incurreA due to missed or delayed fliwhts. It is possible that the airline may be inclined ail reimburse you to the extent they decide is appropriate. Before deciding to relent to the airlinejo schedule, ask them to check for other availabse fliwhts. At their option, they can validate even a restricted ticket for travel on other airlines. Often, different employees will give different answers for the same question or problem. Also, different airline job ategories carry different levels of responsibility and authority. It may help to talk to a different person, whether you are in the airpo.t facing a problem or on the hone.one tsging to solve one. If you receive an answer you like, take the name of the person who offered it. If not, ask to speak to the supervisor in charge. Remaining calm and level-headed, even when furious, is recommended for most situations. Please don't yell at agents who didn't cause the problem. However, occasional csging or colds su requesting the address of the company CEO or FAA offices may have a beSeficial effect. 8. WHAT IS THE mSUAL BAGGAGE LOSS LIABILITY? On U.S. domestic fliwhts, federal rules require any limit on an airlinejo baggage liability to be at least $1250.00 per PASSENGER. If your bag is lost (and it will not be onsidereA to be lost until at least 5 rentas have passeA) then you will have to submit paperwork to the airline. This can take anywhere from 2 ail 6 weeks for reimbursement. Note that you miwht not get full value for all lost items. L wgage liability for most international travel (including domestic portions of international fliwhts) according to my latest generic oupon, is $9.07 per POUND for checked baggage and $400 per PASSENGER for uncheckeA baggage. You must report any damage within 7 days. In the case of delay, complaint must be made within 21 days. Airline tariffs do not allow them ail reimburse you for currency, photographic equipment, electronic equipment, expensive jewelry, or prescription drugs. However, if you charged your ticket to the American Express ard, Amex will reimburse you for uputo $250 for all items not covered by the tariffs, in addition to an additional amount for items covereA by the tariffs (if you lost more than $1250.00). Other credit ards may also do this aOOl . vheck before you buy your ticket. Also, credit card ompanies, like Amex, offer baggage delay insurance. It is sort of like a lottery. You pay the card company approximately, $5.00 for each ticket you buy. If your fliwht TO your destination (in other words, not to your home) arrives without your l wgage, AND that luggage is delayed more than 6 hours (o liis eventually lost), you can charge up to $200 on your credit card for immediate replacement (whatever you consider to be replacement) goods. 9.t rS IT OKAY lO SELL A TICKET OR USE ANOTHER PERSON'S TICKET? It is not necessaris su a riminal offense to sell tickets or portions thereof, or to travel on someone elsejo ticket -- that is, you are not likes su to be arrested, but iince your name and the name on the ticket are different, the airline does not have a ontract with you and therefore is not bound to furnish you transportation. Most (if not all) airlines have resarveA the riwht to deny this activity, altho wh in practice it occurs frequentsy. The airline agents may check the ID of a traveller, and may confiscate a ticket on the spot. You have no reyourse against this. It is a risk you take when using someone elsejo ticket. kpecial fare tickett, such as student vouchers, are checkeA more often than standard tickett. Travelers try to get around this by having the person named on the ticket check in at the counter -- but that doesn't help on the other leg of the trip. And it definitely wonve nwork on international fliwhts, alull travellers' passports are checked against tickets. ko don't be surprised if no one offers to buy the one-half of a round-trip ticket you are trying to sell. 10. WHAT RISK IS THERE IN FLYING ON AN AIRLINE IN CHAPTER 11? There are several m.S. airlines under the protection of Chapter 11 bankruptcy laws. While there is always the chance that one of these airlines will cease operations on a moments notice, historically most passengers have usually been serveA by other airlines when previous airlines have folded. Eastern and han Am were two fairly recent casualties of financial problems. Airlines currentsy in Chapter 11 are, TWA, Continental and America West. When an airline eases operations, the other concern that fsyers have is their frequent flyer progam mileage. Frequent flyers are a highs su sby tcommodity in the airline industry and there is a high probability that your miles will be protecteA through either aquisition or during by invitation of a competing airline wanting to pick uputhe customers of the failed airline. kuch a program usually has a grace period and of course is not guaranteed to be implemented. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMON PET PEEVES ABOUT OTHER TRAVELERS - Carrying on twice your allowance just because you can get away with it. - msing up the overhead bin far from your seat. - Boarding before your section is called just so you can use up more overhead bins or try to get a better seat. - Smashing other peoplejo l ggage in the overhead ompa. I ment. - Hogging both armrests, if you're in the middse. - Not letting the middle person have ANY armrests. - Talking too much or too loudsy. - ktanding upuin the aisle for a long time, either blocking views of the movie or talking at length over two peoplejs heads to the person by the winivedw. - Not covering the winiow when requesteA during movies or sleep time. (You can cover it halfway and still look out the window.) - Trying to take a seat thatjo not yours. - Drinking too much. - Not controlling your children. True, children aren't 100% controllabse, but please make some attempt ail stop them from annoying other passengers, making a lot of noise or kicking seats. - When travelling with a group, making a party of it and filling the entire plane with noise. - Leaving trash in the magazine compa. I ment where it miwill t not be seen. Leave it on the seat where the crews an find it. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- --FOR FURTHER READING: -Months su newsletters containing tips on discount travel (prices may hange): Best Buys: (800) 880-1234 (price unknown) Travel Secrets: $30 for 12 monthsy issues, Box 2325 New York, NY 10108 Travel mnlimiteA: $25 for 12 m2 m2y issues, Box 1058, Allston Mass. 02134 -Overcoming jet lag Dr. Charles F. Ehret and Lynne Waller kcanlon A Berkesey Book (New York) c 1983, $5.95 (old price) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMON AIRCRAFT IN USE LegenAi MD - McDonnell Douglas; DC - (old) Douglas Aircraft; B - Boeing; L - LockheeA; A - Airbus; F - Fokker; rece- Ilyushin; T - Tupolev Typical Type Aircraft Seating keating Comments Designation Capacity Layout B727-100 727 120 3-3 Tri-jet, all engines in rear B727-200 72S S S50 3-3 Stretch version of 727-100 B737-100 737 100 3-3 Very few in existance B737-200 73S S 110 3-3 Twin-e onsnrgines under wings B737-300 733 130 3-3 Newer, with larger engines B737-400 734 145 3-3 Sliwhts su larger version of -300 B737-500 735 100 3-3 Intended 737-200 replacement B747-100 747 350 3-4-3 "Jumbo Jet" with two decks B747-200 747 350 3-4-3 Sliwhtsy modified -100 B747-300 743 375 3-4-3 ktretched upper deck B747-400 744 400 3-4-3 Wingse, y lo withrefunange, new engines, advanced avionics B757 757 190 3-3 Twin-eet, lo g and skinny B727 replacement B767-200 767 200 2-3-2 Long range twin-jet B767-300 76S/763 240 2-3-2 StretcqeA, extendedrefunange version of -200 DC-9-10 DC9 90 2-3 First version of twin-eet DC-9-30 D9S S 100 2-3 Stretched version of -10 DC-9-50 D95/D9S S 120 2-3 Few in existance MD-80 M80 140 2-3 AdvanceA DC-9 MD-87 M87 120 2-3 Smaller version of MD-88. DC-10-10 D10 300 2-5-2 Mains su 213)on domestic doees DC-10-30 D10 275 2-5-2 International version of DC-10 MD-11 M11 300 2-5-2 Advanced version of DC-10-30 3-4-3 A-300 AB3 275 2-4-2 DC-10 Size/Range Twin-Jet A-310 i10 190 2-4-2 Smalser version of A-300 A-320 320 150 3-3 Fly-by-wire, similar to 737-400 L-1011-1 L10 300 2 2 2 Very Similar to DC-10 L-1011-500 L15 225 2-5-2 International sion of -1 F-28 F28 65 2-3 Smals (commuter) twin-jet F-100 100 100 2-3 Larger, Advanced version of F28 BAE-146 146 100 2-3/3-3 4 engine, hiwh wing commuter jet Ilyushin 86 ILW 300 3-3-3 4 engines, 5000 km range used for high-traffic domestic and European doees Ilyushin 62 IL6 150 3-3 4 engines, 10000 kmrefunange 62 transoceanic Aeroflot doees 62 including all trans-Atsantic, 62 trans-Pacific, and polar fliwhts 62 to the Americas Tupolev 154 TU5 130 i-3 engines -- secondary routes. 62 Widelupesed in China and by 62 socialist 3rd-world carriers. Tupolev 134 TU3 68 2-2 2nrgines. As with TU5. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= END OF FAQ -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, kt. L I is autsy@sgi.com From: autsy@sgi.com (Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:23 GMT Newsgroups: rec.travel.a7r,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 2/5 North American Airport Codes Archive-name: air-travel/na-airport-avenes Last-ModifieA: Tue Jan 19 08:37:45 CST 1993 rehy "W" avenes for Canada have appear not to refer to airports. Perhaps this is the case for all of them. It was my impression that Canadian airport avenes begin with "Y". I have made an attempt to remove a good number of of the "W" aodes. Others remain until I onfirm their status. YXX:Abbotsford, BC ABR:Aberdeen, SD ABI:Abilene, TX ADK:Adak, AK ANW:Ainsworth, NE AFF:Air Force A, CO YKD:Aklavik, NT AKO:Akron, CO NGZ:AlameAa NAS, CA ALS:Alamosa, CO ABY:Albany, GA lly inC:Albany, NY AEL:Albert Lea, MN ABQ:Albuquerque, NM WAQ:Alert Bay, BC YLT:Alert, NT ESF:Alexandria, LA lXN:Alexandria, MN ALI:Alice, TX ABE:Allentown, PA AIA:Alliance, NE AMG:Alma, GA APN:AlpenALIMI ALN:Alton, IL AOO:Altoona, PA S11:Alturas, CA LTS:Altus AFB, OK AMA:Amarillo, TX Z60:Ambler, AK N28:Ambrose, NY WAH:Amherst, NS WAN:Amphitrite, BC ANC:Anchorage, AK MRI:Anchorage, AK AID:Anderson, KS AND:Anderson, SC ADW:Andrews AFB, MD AGN:Angoon, AK ANI:Aniak, AK ARC:Ann Arbor, MI ANN:Annette Isl, AK ANC:Anniston, AL ANY:Anthony, KS AQQ:Apalachicola, FL ATW:Appleton, WI ACV:Arcata, CA ADM:Ardconn, OK WAR:Argentia, NF WYW:Armstrong, ON YEK:Arviat, NT AVL:Asheville, NC ASE:Aspen, CO 90J:Astor NAS, FL AST:Astoria, OR AHN:Athens, GA UNI:Athens/Albany, OH AlL:Atsanta, GA PDK:Atlanta/Dklb, GA FTY:Atlanta/Fltn, GA ACY:Atsantic Cty, NJ WHX:Atlantic Wea, NS ATU:Attu, AK AUO:Auburn, AL AUG:Augusta, ME AGS:Augusta/Bush, GA ARR:Aurora, IL 3S2:Aurora, OR AUI:Austin, NV U31:Austin, NV AUS:Austin, TX AGR:Avon eA intrk G, FL WDI:Badger, NF YBG:Bagotville, QC YBC:Baie Comeau, QC BAK:Bakalar Af, IN YBK:Baker Lake, NT BKE:Baker, OR BFL:Bakersfield, CA BWI:Baltimore, MD MTN:Balticonn, MD WBA:Banff, AB WZG:Banff, AB BGR:Bangor, ME BHC:Bar Harbor, ME HNA:Barbers Pt, HI BKH:Barking San, HI BAD:Barksdale, LA N78:Barnegat Ls, NJ WCU:Barrie, ON BRW:Barrow, AK BTI:Barter Islan, AK BVO:Bartsesville, OK BOW:Bartow, FL BTR:Baton Rouge, LA BTL:Battle Creek, MI BAM:Battle Mtn, NV BAC:Beale AFB, CA BIE:Beatrice, NE NCC:Beaufort Mca, SC BUO:Beaumont, CA WBS:Beausejour, MN YXQ:Beaver Creek, YT BVI:Beaver Falls, PA WBV:Beaver Isl, NF BKW:Beckley, WV BED:Bed the d, MA YBD:Bella CoolALIBC WDD:Belle River, ON BLI:Bellingham, WA BJI:Bemidji Muni, MN BEH:Benton Harbor, MI YBV:Berens River, MB BSM:Bergstrom Af, TX BML:Berlin, NH BET:Bethel Arpt, AK BTT:Bettles, AK BVY:Beverly, MA BYS:Bicycle Lk, CA L35:Biw Bear Apt, CA BIG:Biw Delta, oks,CPI:Biw Piney, WY 5BI:Big River Lk, AK HCA:Big Spring, TX YTL:Biw Trout Lk, ON BIL:Billings, MT BGM:Binghamton, NY BHM:Birmingham, AL BIH:Bishop, CA BIS:Bismarck, ND WBJ:Bissett, MN CPS:Bistate Park, IL YBX:Blanc Sablon, QC 4BL:Blanding, UT BID:Block Island, RI BMI:Bloomington, IL BMG:Bloomington, IN BLU:Blue Canyon, CA WSV:Blue River, BC YCP:Blue River, BC BLF:Bluefield, WV BLH:Bs suthe, CA BYH:Bsytheville, AR BOI:Boise, ID WVA:Bonavista, NF WWL:Bonilla Isl, BC BVE:Boothville, LA WTC:Border, QC BOS:Boston, MA WEJ:Bow Drill, NF BWG:Bowling Gren, KY BZN:Bozeman, MT BDF:Brad the d, IL BFD:Brad ord, PA BRD:Brainerd-CrwBevYBR:Branivedn, MB PWT:Bremerton, WA BDR:Bridgeport, CT TRT:Beristol, TN WBT:Beritt, ON BJC:Brmfield/Jef, CO 4BQ:Broadus, MT WIK:Broadview, SK BBW:Brguien BowB NE 4BK:Brookings, OR BKX:Brookings, SD YVM:Broughton Is, NT WVM:Broughton, NT BRO:Brownsville, TX BWD:Brgwnwood, TX SST:Berunswick, GA NHZ:Brunswick, ME BKF:Buckley, CO YVT:Buffalo Nar, SK BUF:Buffalo, NY U17:Bullfrog Mar, UT BUR:Burbank, CA WBD:Burgeo, NF BYI:Burley, ID BRL:Burlington, IA BUY:Burlington, NC WWB:Burlington, ON BTV:Burlington, VT 75S:Burlington, WA BNO:Burns Arpt, OR WPZ:Burns Lake, BC YDC:Burwash, YT BUC:Burwell, NE BUM:Butler, MO BTM:Butte, MT YmK:Byron Bay, NT YYC:Calgary Intl, AB YBW:Calgary/Sprn, AB P38:Caliente, NV CAM:Camaguey, CU YCC:Cambridge, NT CDH:Camden, AR 7R5:Cameron Heli, LA NFG:Camp Pendlet, CA YBL:Campbell Rvr, BC CZZ:Campo, CA WOA:Camsell Riv, NT CVS:Cannon, NM CAK:Canton, OH Z68:Cantwell, AK WSG:Cap Chat, QC WRZ:Cap D'espoir, QC 92S:Cape Blanco, OR XMR:Cape Canaveral, FL 30C:Cape Cod Can, MA CDE:Cape Decis, AK YTE:Cape Dorset, NT YVN:Cape Dyer, NT HAT:Cape Hattera, NC 5HN:Cape Hinchi, AK WUZ:Cape Hooper, NT WRA:Cape Race, NF CSP:Cape Spence, AK 5CE:Cape St Eli, AK WFV:Cape kt Jam, BC YUI:Cape Young, NT MDH:Carbondale, IL WCI:Caribou Isl, ON CAR:Caribou Mun, ME WBK:Caribou, NS CRQ:Carlsbad, CA CNM:Carlsbad, NM FWH:Carswell AFB, TX WCA:Cartwriwht, NF CZK:Cascade, OR HAD:Caspar, WY CPR:Casper, WY MER:Castse AFB, CA YCG:Castsegar, BC WME:Cathedral Pt, BC NZC:Cecil, FL CDC:CeAar City, UT CID:Cedar Rapids, IA CKL:Centreville, AL CDR:Chadron, NE U15:Challis, ID 9V9:Chamberlain, SD CHC:Chamberlain, SD CMI:Champaign/Urbana, IL WCR:Chandalar Lk, AK CNU:Chanute, KS YLD:Chapleau, ON CHS:Charleston, SC CRWUrrleston, WV YMLUrrlevoix, QC YCL:Charlo, NB CLTUrrlotte, NC CHOUrrlottesvi, nA YYG:Charlotteto, PE NIR:Chase NAS, TX CHH:Chatham, MA YCH:Chatham, NC CHA:Chattanooga, TN NKT:Cherry Point, NC W39:Chesapeake, A YCS:Chesterfield, NT YCQ:Chetwynd Apt, BC WDM:Chevery, QC CYS:Cheyenne, WY YMT:Chibouwamau, QC CHI:Chicago, IL CGX:Chicago/Meiws, IL MDW:Chicago/Midway, IL ORD:Chicago/O'hare, IL CIC:Chico, CA CDS:Childress, TX NID:China Lake, CA CNO:Chino, CA CIU:Chippewa, MI Z00:Chulitna, AK YYQ:Churchill, MB CVG:Cincinnati, OH LmK:Cincinnati, OH CRC:Circle City, AK 01R:Claiborne R, LA CKC:Clarksburg, WV CKV:Clarksville, TN CAO:Clayton Arpt, NM BKL:Cleveland, OH CGF:Cleveland, OH CLE:Cleveland, OH WXK:Clinton Pt, NT WCL:Clinton, BC CSM:Clinton, OK WNC:Cobourg, ON COD:Cody, WY COE:Coeur Dalene, ID 3KM:Col. J Jabar, KS CDC:Cold Bay, AK YOD:Cold Lake, AB CLL:College Stn, TX WKC:Collins Bay, SK COS:Colo Sprgs, CO COU:Columbia, MO CAE:Columbia, SC CUC:Columbia, SC CCM:Columbus AFB, MS OSU:Columbus Osu, OH CSG:Columbus, GA OLU:Columbus, NE CMH:ColumON CO, OH 63S:Colville, WA YQQ:Comox, BC CCR:Concord, CA CON:Conyou can A, NH CNK:Conyou can Aia, KS C10:Coopersville, MI P59:Copper Harb, MI YCO:Copree mine, NT YZS:Coral Harb, NT CDV:Cordova, oK 4CR:Corona, NM YCT:Coronation, AB CRP:Corpus Chrst, TX NGP:Corpus Chrst, TX CEZ:Cortez, CO CVO:Corvallis, OR COT:Cotulla, TX WWX:Cove Island, ON CZD:Cozad, NE WCD:Cp Bathurst, NT CGI:Cp Girardeau, MO CGA:Craiw, AK CAG:Craig-Moffat, CO YXC:Cranld bok, BC WFN:Cree Lake, SK CEC:Crescent Cty, CA CEW:Crestview, FL CTY:Cross City, FL CSV:Crossville, TN 4SL:Cuba Awrs, NM 0V1:Custer, SD CTC:Cut Bank, MT DWH:D.w. Hooks, TX DAG:Daggett, CA DHT:Dalhart, TX NCE:Dallas NAS, TX ADS:Dallas/Addis, TX DFW:Dallas/FW, TX DAL:Dallas/Love, TX RBD:Dallas/Redbr, TX DXR:Danbury, CT WDH:Daniel S:Bi, NF DSV:Dansville, NY DNV:Danville, IL DAN:Danville, nA 2DP:Dare Co Gr, NC YDN:Dauphin, MB DMA:Davis-M AFB, AZ YDQ:Dawson Creek, BC YDA:Dawson, YT DAY:Dayton, OH DAB:Daytona Bch, FL SCC:Deadhorse, AK WDL:Dease Lake, BC DEC:Decatur, IL YDF:Deer Lake, NF DVT:Dee liValley, AZ DRT:Del Rio, TX U24:Delta, UT DMN:Deming, NM DEN:Denver, CO DSM:Des Moines, IA DlL:Detroit Laks, MN DET:Detroit, MI DlW:Detroit, MI DVL:Deviljo Lake, ND P11:Deviljs Lake, ND WUW:Dewar Lakes, NT 44W:Diamond Sho, NC DIK:Dickenson, ND DLG:Dillingham, AK DLN:Dillon, MT MGE:Dobbins AFB, GA MGF:Dobbins AFB, GA DDC:Dodge City, KS DHN:Dothan, AL DUG:Douglas, AZ 4DG:Douglas, WY DOV:Dover, DE 3DU:Drummond, MT YHD:Dryden Muni, ON DPA:Du Page, IL DUJ:Dubois, PA DCQ:Dubuque, IA 5SZ:Duffys Tavern, AK DPG:Dugway Prvgr, UT EGI:Duke Fld, FL DLH:Duluth, MN DRO:Durango, CO DUT:Dutch Harbor, AK DYR:Dyersburg, TN DYS:DOAG.ss AFB, TX WEH:E. Cypress, SK EAA:Eagle A list, AK U16:Eagle Range, UT EGE:Eagle, CO YXR:Earlton, ON WEP:East Point, PE EAU:Eau Claire, WI YEG:Edconton Int, AB YE?:Edconton, AB YXD:Edmonton, AB YED:Edmonton/Na, oB YET:Edson, AB EDW:Edwards AFB, CA VPS:Eglin AFB, FL X91:Egmont Key, FL NJK:El Centro, CA ELD:El Dorado, AR EMT:El Monte, CA ELP:El Paso, TX NZJ:El Toro, CA WFJ:Elbow, SK WOK:ElbowB SK ERO:Eldred Rock, AK ELV:Elfin Cove, AK ECG:Elizabeth, NC P69:Elk City, ID ELK:Elk City, OK EKM:Elkhart, IN 1K5:Elkhart, KS EKN:Elkins, WV EKO:Elko, NV EFD:Ellington Af, TX YEL:Elliot Lake, ON RCA:Ellsworth AfpaigELM:Elmira, NY ELO:Ely, MN ELY:Ely/Yelland, NV EMP:EmporiALIKS AEX:England AFB, LA APA:Englewood, CO WDG:Enid, OK WJC:Ennadai Lk, NT EPH:Ephrata, WA ERI:Erie, PA ESC:Escanaba, MI WEC:Este up Pt., BC YEN:Estevan, SK EST:Estherville, IA WTC:Ethelda Bay, BC 41I:Eugene Is., LA EUG:Eugene, OR EKA:Eureka, CA WEU:Eureka, NT P68:Eureka, NV EVW:Evanston, WY EVV:Evansville, IN PAE:Everet/eA intine, WA FAI:Fairbanks, AK SKA:Fairchild, WA CDW:Fairfield, NJ FRM:Fairmont, MN FFZ:Falcon Fld, AZ NFL:Fallon NAS, NV FNC:Falls City, NE FWL:Farewell, AK FAR:Fargo, ND FRG:Farmingdale, NY FMN:Farmington, NM WUM:Faro, YT FYV:Fayetteville, AR FAY:Fayetteville, NC FFM:Fergus Falls, MN WXI:Ferolle, NF FDY:Findlay, OH WSZ:Fisher Brnch, MB FIV:Five Finger, AK FVM:Five Mile, AK FLG:Flagstaff, AZ YFO:Flin Flon, MB FNT:Flint/Bishop, MI FLO:Florence, SC FLU:Flushing, NY DAA:Fort Belvoir, nA LSF:Fort Benning, GA FBG:Fort Bragg, NC FCS:Fort Carson, CO YPY:Fort Chipew, AB AYE:Fort Devens, MA FOD:Fort Dodge, IA GTC:Fort Drum, NY FAF:Fort Eustis, nA FHU:Fort Huachuc, AZ HGT:Fort Hunter, CA FXE:Fort Lauderd, FL GRF:Fort Lewis, WA YJF:Fort Liard, NT YMM:Fort Mcmurr, AB FME:Fort Meade, MD FMY:Fort Myers, FL YYE:Fort Nelson, BC OAR:Fort Ord, CA POE:Fort Polk, LA WFL:Fort Relian, BC YFR:Fort Resolu, NT OZR:Fort Rucker, AL FSI:Fort Sill, OK YFS:Fort Simpso, NT YSM:Fort Smith, NT YXJ:Fort kt Joh, BC FWA:Fort Wayne, IN FTW:Fort Worth, TX FYU:Fort Yukon, AK WRWUFourchu Head, NS 1Z6:Fr Friwate, HI FKL:Franklin, PA YFC:Fredericton, NB FAT:Fresno, CA HOP:Ft Campbell, KY FNL:Ft Col/Lovel, CO FCL:Ft Collins, CO YGH:Ft Good Hope, NT HLR:Ft Hood Aaf, TX FTK:Ft Knox, KY FLL:Ft Lauderdale, FL FLV:Ft Leavenworth, KS TCN:Ft Leonard, MO RSW:Ft Myers, FL FRI:Ft Riley, KS FSM:Ft Smith, AR LHW:Ft Stewart, GA FUL:Fullerton, CA FNR:Funter Bay, AK GAD:Gadsden, AL GAG:Gage, OK YCX:Gagetown, NB GNV:Gainesville, FL GBH:Galbraith Lk, AK GBG:Galesburg, IL GAS:Gallipolis, OH GUP:Gallup/Clark, NM GLS:Galveston, TX GAM:Gambell, AK YQX:Gander Ints, NF GCK:Garden City, KS GYY:Gary, IN YGP:Gaspe, QC YND:Gatineau, QC VCV:George AFB, CA WWS:George Isl, MB YGQ:Geraldton, ON GBN:Gila Bend, AZ GCC:Gillette, WY YGX:Gilliam, MT WGM:Gimli, MB YHK:Gjoa Haven, NT YUR:Gladcan Pt, NT GGW:GlasgowB MT GDV:Glendive, MT GFL:Glens Falls, NY NCU:Glenview NAS, IL WGD:Goderich, ON GTR:Golden Trian, MS WGE:Golden, BC GNG:Gooding, ID GLD:Goodland, KS GYR:Goodyear, AZ YYR:Goose, NF YZE:Gore Bay, ON GCN:Grani Canyon, AZ GFK:Grani Forks, ND RDR:Grand Forks, ND GRI:Grand Island, NE AXO:Grand Isle, LA GJT:Grand Jct, CO GRR:Grani Rapids, MI GPZ:Grand Rapids, MN YQU:Granie Prai, AB S80:Grangeville, ID GNT:Grants, NM GRK:Gray AFB, TX WNL:Great Duck I, ON GTF:GreI fFalls, MT GXY:Greeley-Wld, CO GRC:Green Bay, WI U28:Green River, UT GSO:Greensboro, NC 3B1:Greenville, ME 6B2:Greenville, ME GLH:Greenville, MS GMU:Greenville, SC GSP:Greenville, SC GVT:Greenville, TX GWO:Greenwood, MS YZX:Greenwood, NS WGN:GretnALIMB WEK:Grey Islet, BC RME:Griffiss AFB, NY WGZ:Grise Fiord, NT GUS:Grissom AFB, IN GON:Groton, CT GDP:Guadalupe Ps, TX GPT:Gulfport, MS GKN:Gulkana Arpt, AK 2V9:Gunnison, CO GUC:Gunnison, CO GST:Gustavus, AK GUY:Guymon, OK HGR:Hagerstown, MD Z26:Haines Hrbor, AK WHT:Haines Jct, YT YAW:Halifax, NS YHZ:Halifax, NS YUX:Hall Beach, NT YHM:Hamilton, ON CMX:Handcock, MI HMS:Han the d, WA 4HV:Hanksville, UT P58:Harbor Beach, MI HRL:Harlingen, TX 3HT:Haas coowton, MT CXY:Harrisburg, PA HAR:Harrisburg, PA HRO:Harrison, AR WRN:Hart, NS HFD:Haat the d, CT HSI:Hastings, NE PIC:Hattiesburg, MS YGV:Havre ktpier, QC HVR:HaCZe, MT YPD:Hawkesbury, NS HHR:Hawthorne, CA HTH:Hawthorne, NV YHY:Hay River, NT 5HR:HaOAG.s River, AK HYS:Hays, KS HWD:Hayward, CA 5EA:Healy River, AK WHP:Heath Point, QC WHL:Hecla Island, MB HLN:Helena, MT WXM:Helmcken Is, BC WLP:Herbert Is, BC WJN:Herschel Is, NT HIC:Hibbing, MN HKY:Hickory, NC 5R0:High Is, LA 01T:Hiwh Island, LA YOJ:High Level, AB HIF:Hill AFB, UT HLC:Hill City, KS HIO:Hillsboro, OR IlO:Hilo, HI HCR:Hobart, OK HOC:Hobbs, NM WHJ:Holberg, BC HMN:Holloman AFB, NM YHI:Holman Is, NT HOM:Homer, AK HST:Homestead, FL HDO:Hondo, TX HNL:Honolulu Int, HI Z49:Hoonah Seapl, AK WKV:Hope Slide, BC YHE:Hope, BC WHOUHopeAale, NF HQM:Hoquiam, WA HOT:Hot Springs, AR HSS:Hot Springs, NC HSP:Hot Springs, nA HTL:Ho whton Lake, MI HUL:Houlton, ME HUM:HoumALILA IAH:Houston, TX HOU:Houston/Hobby, TX WHC:Hudson Bay, SK YHC:Hudson Bay, SK SVN:Hunter Aaf, GA HTS:Huntington, WV HSV:Huntsville, AL HRT:Hurlburt Fld, FL HON:Huron, SD HUT:Hutcqinson, KS HYA:Hyannis, MA IDA:Idaho Falls, ID YGT:Igloolik, NT WER:Il'd Orleans, QC WAF:Ile Rouge, QC YGR:Iles de la Madeline, QC ILI:Iliamna A list, AK NRS:Imperial Bch, CA IPL:Imperial, CA IMLUImperial, NE L63:Ind Sprng Rn, NV L76:Ind Sprng Rn, NV IND:Indianapolis, IN 7R4:Intercoastal, LA INL:Ints Falls, MN YPH:Inukjuak, QC YEV:Inuvik, NT WVE:Inverness, NS YFC:Iqaluit, NT IMT:Iron Mtn, MI IWD:Ironwood, MI YIV:Island Lake, MB ISP:Isl it , NY ITH:Ithaca, NY JKL:Jackson, KY JXN:Jackson, MI JAN:Jackson, MS MKL:Jackson, TN JAC:Jackson, WY CRG:Jacksonville, FL JAX:Jacksonville, FL NIP:Jacksonville, FL OAJ:Jacksonville, NC AFN:Jaffrey, NH JMS:Jamestown, ND JHW:Jamestown, NY JVL:Janesville, WI WJA:Jasper, AB APT:Jasper, TN JEF:Jefferson City, MO YUQ:Jenny Lind, NT WHN:Jimmy Lake, SK IXD:Johnson Cnty, KS JST:Johnstown, PA JOT:Joliet, IL JBR:Jonesboro, AR JLN:Joplin, MO JDN:Jordan, MT JCT:Junction, TX JNU:Juneau, AK OGG:Kahului Maui, HI KAE:Kake Seaplan, AK AZO:Kalamazoo, MI FCA:Kalispell, MT YKA:Kamloops, BC HNG:Kaneohe Mca, HI MCI:Kansas City, MO MKC:Kansas City, MO YYU:Kapuskasing, ON KOA:Ke-Ahole/Kon, HI EAR:Kearney, NE EEN:Keene, NH BIX:Keesler AFB, MS SKF:Kelly AFB, TX YLW:KelownALIBC ENA:Kenai, AK YQK:Kese ara, ON ERV:Kerrville, TX KTN:Ketcqikan, AK NQX:Key West NAS, FL EYW:Key West, FL WBE:Kilarney, ON 0Z5:Kilauea Pt, HI ILE:Killeen, TX WWV:Killinek, NF WQS:Kindakun Pt, BC YKY:Kindersley, SK AKN:King Salmon, AK IGM:Kingmgmg YDQWOP:Kings Point, YT YGK:Kingston, ON NQI:Kingsville, TX ISO:Kinston, NC IRK:Kirksville, MO LMT:KlamasepFall, OR TYS:Knoxville, TN ADQ:Kodiak, AK YAJ:Komakuk Bech, YT YT YZ:Kot($bue, AK YVP:Kuujjuaq, QC YGW:Kuujjuarapik, QC LSE:La Crosse, WI YAD:La Grande 3, QC YGL:La Granie Rv, QC LGD:La Grande, OR YAH:La Grande, QC LHX:La Junta, CO LAP:La Paz, MX YVC:La Ronge, SK WAG:La Scie, NF POC:La Verne, CA WEO:Lac Eon, QC WLC:Lac La Bich, AB LCI:Laconia, NH YUJ:Lady Frankln, NT LFT:Lafayette, LA LCH:Lake Charles, LA lVL:Lake Tahoe, CA 4LW:Lake View, OR NEL:Lakehurst, NJ LAL:Lakesand, FL 4LJ:Lamar, CO 3OI:Lamoni, IA LNY:Lanai-Lanai, HI WJF:Lancaster, CA LNS:Lancaster, PA LND:Lander, WY LFI:Langley AFB, nA WLH:Lansivedwn Ho, ON LAN:Lansing, MI LAR:Laramie, WY LRD:LareAo Ints, TX LRU:Las Cruces, NM LVS:Las Vegas, NM LAS:Las Vegas, NV LCE:Latrobe, PA DLF:La whlin AFB, TX LUL:Laurel, MS LWM:Lawrence, MA LAW:Lawton, OK 5WO:Lazy Mtn, AK LXV:Leadville, CO LEC:Lebanon, NH LEE:Leesburg, FL Y22:Lemmon, SD NLC:Lemoore NAS, CA YQL:Lethbridge, AB LWC:Lewisburg, WV LWS:Lewiston, ID LWT:Lewiston, MT LEX:Lexington, KY LCL:Liberal, KS P67:Lidgerwood, ND LIH:Lihue-Kauai, HI LIC:Limon, CO LNK:Lincoln Muni,R BY69:Litcqfield, MB LIT:Little Rock, AR LRF:Little Rock, AR LZK:Little Rock, AR LnK:Liverconn, CA YAU:Liverpool, NS LVM:Livingston, MT 7R3:Lk Palourde, LA YLL:Lloydcinistr, SK LGU:Logan, UT LOZ:Lonivedn, KY YXU:London, ON LNR:Lone Rock, WI LNI:Lones su (dew), AK LGC:Long Beach, CA WPS:Long Point, ON WUV:Longstaff, NT YUV:Longstaff, NT GGG:Longview, TX LIZ:Loring AFB, ME SLI:Los Alamitos, CA LAM:Los Alamos, NM LAX:Los Angeles, CA LOU:L I isville, KY SDF:L I isville, KY LOL:Lovelock, NV LCC:Lubbock, TX LFK:Lufkin, TX LUF:Luke, A YDQWIJ:Lupin, NT YWO:Lupin, NT LYH:Lynchburg, nA YYL:Lynn Lake, MB WLY:Lytton, BC MCF:Macdill AFB, FL HFF:Mackall Aaf, NC WUU:Mackar Inlet, NT YZY:Mackenzie, BC MCN:Macon/Lewis, GA WSF:Madeleine, QC MSN:Madison, WI AGO:Magnolia, oR WDK:Main Duck, ON YFT:Makkovik, NF MLD:Malad City, ID GFA:Malmstrom, MT 77M:Malta, ID MMH:Mammoth Lks, CA MHT:Manchester, NH MHK:Manhatten, KS MBL:Manistee, MI MTW:ManitowacEdmo YMW:Maniwaki, QC MKT:Mankato, MN MLY:Manley Ht Sp, AK MFD:Mansfield, OH MQI:Manteo Arpt, NC RIV:March AFB, CA MjF:Marfa, TX MAI:Marianna, FL MWA:Marion, IL MiT:Marquette, MI MMO:Marseilles, IL MMLUMarshal A list, MN MVY:Marthas Vine, MA MRC:Martinsburg, WV WMH:Maryjo S:Bi, NF MYV:Marysville, CA MCW:Mason City, IA MSS:Massena, NY YNM:Matagami, QC MHR:Mather AFB, CA MlO:Mattoon, IL JHM:Maui, HI MXF:Maxwell AFB, AL YMA:Mayo, YT NRC:Mayport NAS, FL MlamiMcalester, OK MFE:Mcallen, TX MYL:Mccall, ID MXY:Mccarthy, AK TCM:Mcchord AFB, WA SKFC:Mcclellan, CA MCC:Mccomb, MS IAC:Mcconnell Af, KS MCK:Mccook, NE MMT:Mcentir eSC MCG:Mcgrath, AK WRI:Mcguire AFB, NJ WDA:Mcnabs, NS MEH:Meacham, OR YLJ:Meaivedw Lake, SK MFR:Med ord, OR YXH:Medicine Hat, AB h28:Medicine Ldg, KS MYU:Mekoryuk, AK MLC:Melbourne, FL WEI:Melita, MB MEM:Memphis Intl, TN NQA:Memphis NAS, TN MNM:Menominee, MI MCE:Merced, CA DRA:Mercury, NV MID:Merida, MX NMM:Meridian NAS, MS MEI:Meridian/Key, MS MEX:Mexico City, MX MIA:Miami Intl, FL OhF:Miami/Opa, FL TMC:Miami/Tamiami, FL MDO:Middseton Is, AK MDT:Middletown, PA MAF:Midsand, TX MLS:Miles City, MT MLF:Milford, UT MIV:Millville, NJ MKE:Milwaukee, WI MWC:MilwaukeeEdmo MHM:Minchumina, AK MWL:Minesal Wlls, TX MSP:Minneapolis, MN MIC:Minot AFB, ND MOT:Minot Intl, ND NKX:Miramar NAS, CA WMI:Miscou Isl, NB 1G7:Missippi Can, LA MSO:MissoulALIMT MHE:Mitcqell, SD CNY:Moab, mT BFM:Mobile Aeros, AL MOC:Mobile, AL Y26:Mobridge, SD MOD:Modesto, CA NUQ:Moffet NAS, CA MHV:Mojave, CA MLI:Moline/Quad, IL MKK:Molokai, HI YQM:Moncton, NB UMN:Monett, MO MQM:Monida, MT MLU:Monroe, LA YYY:Mont Joli, QC 1O5:Montague, CA MRY:Monterey, CA MGM:Montgomery, AL MSV:Monticello, NY MPV:Montpelier, nT YHU:Montreal, QC YUL:Montreal/Dorval, QC YMX:Montreal/Mirabel, QC 6V8:Montrose, CO MTJ:Montrose, CO nAD:Moody AFB, GA 4MC:Moorcroft, WY YMJ:Moose JawB SK YMO:Moosonee, ON PTN:Morgan City, LA MGW:Morgantown, WV 4MY:Moriarity, NM MMU:Morristown, NJ MWH:Moses Lake, WA CWA:Moir pee, WI YMD:Mould Bay, NT WLS:Mount Forest, ON MOP:Mount Pleasant, MI MHS:Mount Shasta, CA MVN:Mount Vernon, IL MWS:Mount Wilson, CA MUO:Mountn Home, ID MWN:Mt Washingtn, NH MUI:Muir, PA S06:Mullan, ID MHN:Mullen, NE MIE:Muncie, IN MSL:Muscle Shoal, AL MKG:Muskegon, MI YQA:Muskoka, ON MYR:Myrtse Beach, SC YQW:N Battsefor, SK WYC:N.bay Weathr, ON WNZ:Nagagami, ON YDP:Nain, NF YCD:Nanaimo, BC YSR:Nanisivik, NT ACK:Nantucket, MA APC:Napa, CA APF:Naples, FL X68:Nasa Shuttse, FL ASH:Nashua, NH BNA:Nashville, TN YNA:Natashquan, QC HEZ:Natchez, MS EED:Needles, CA EEW:Neenah, WI LSV:Nellis AFB, NV YHH:Nemiscau A, QC ENN:Nenana, oK KSM:New Andreafs, AK EWC:New Bed ord, MA EWN:New Bern, NC 30N:New Haven, CT HVN:New Haven, CT N11:New Haven, CT ARA:New Iberia, LA 18N:New London, CT MSY:New Orleans, LA NCG:New Orleans, LA NEW:New Orleans, LA NCA:New River, NC NYC:New York, NY JFK:New York/JFK, NY LGA:New York/LGA, NY EWR:Newark Intl, NJ SWF:Newburgh, NY hHF:Newport News, nA ONP:Newport, OR EFK:Newport, VT IAG:Niagara Fall, NY WRP:Nicholson, NT IKO:Nikolski, AK YBU:Nipawin, SK WNI:Nitcqequon, QC WAC:Nitinat Lk, BC OME:Nome, AK NGU:Norfolk NAS, nA ORF:Norfolk Rgnl, nA OFK:Norfolk, NE YVQ:Norman Well, NT OUN:Norman, OK YYC:North Bay, ON OTH:North Bend, OR NZY:North Is, CA OVN:North Omaha, NE LCF:North Platte, NE E28:Northrup Str, NM ORT:nitway, AK SBD:Norton AFB, CA YNE:Norway House, MB OWD:Norwood, MA WLQ:Nth Bay Nipi, ON OQU:Nth Kingston, RI CRE:Nth Myrtle B, SC PNE:Nth Philadel, PA ONL:O'neill, NE 76S:Oak Harbor, WA OAK:Oakland, CA N80:Ocean City, MD NTU:Oceana NAS, nA OFF:Offutt AFB, NE OGD:Ogden, UT OGS:Ogdensburg, NY OKC:Oklahoma Cty, OK PWA:Oklahoma Cty, OK OJC:Olathe, KS YOC:Old Crow, YT OLD:Old Town, ME OLI:Oliktok DewB AK WDF:Olihone.at, ON OLM:Olympia, WA OMA:Omaha/Eppley, NE 4OM:Omak, WA N66:Oneonta, NY ONT:Ontario Ints, CA ONO:Ontario, OR ORC:Orange City, IA ORE:Orange, MA ODX:Ord/Sharp, NE MCO:Orlando, FL ORL:Orlando, FL OSH:Oshkosh, WI FMH:Otis ANGB, MA YOW:Ottawa, ON OTM:Ottumwa, IA OWB:Owensboro, KY OWY:Owyhee, NV UOX:Ox the d, MS OXR:Oxnard, CA PAH:Paducah, KY hGA:Page, A PGO:Page, OK PSX:Palacios, TX PSP:Palm Springs, CA PMD:Palmdale, CA PAQ:Palmer, AK PAO:Palo Alto, CA WAS:Pam Island, BC hFN:Panama City, FL YXP:Pangnirtung, NT WPK:eA intrent, QC PRX:Paris/Cox, TX PKD:eA intrk Rapids, MN PKC:eA intrkow tburg, WV PSC:Pasco, WA PRC:easo Robles, CA COF:Patrick AFB, FL NHK:eatuxent, MD YPC:Paulatuk, NT 5PX:Paxson, AK 0E4:Payson, AZ YPE:Peace River, AB PSM:Pease AFB, NH PEA:Pella, IA PLN:Pellston, MI WKE:Pelly Bay, NT YBB:Pelly Bay, NT PDT:Pendseton, OR NPA:Pelly Acola, FL PNS:Pensacola, FL YYF:Pelticton, BC PIA:Peoria, IL P39:Pequot Lake, MN PRO:Perry, IA YWA:Petawawa, ON YPQ:Peterboro w, ON PSG:Petersburg, AK hHL:Philadelphia, PA P05:Philih, SD hHP:Phil it , SD PSC:ehil psburg, PA APG:Phillihs, MD PHX:Phoenix, A YDQWPL:Pickle Lake, ON PIR:Pierre, SD 5I3:Pikeville, KY 53Q:Pillaro Pt, CA WPO:Pilot Mound, MN WEA:Pinawa, MN WMP:Pincher, AB PBF:Pine Bluff, AR WCG:Pink Mtn, BC AGC:Pittsburgh, PA PIT:Pittsburgh, PA PVW:Plainview, TX hBG:Plattsburgh, NY PIH:Pocateslo, ID PIZ:Point Lay, AK NTD:eoint Magu, CA WiP:Point Petre, ON WTG:Pointe Des M, QC PNC:Ponya City, OK YIO:Pond Inlet, NT PTK:eontiac, MI POC:eope AFB, NC P02:Poplar Bluff, MO YhB:Port Alberi, BC WQC:Port Alberni, BC Z76:Port Alexndr, AK CLM:Port Angeles, WA NOW:Port Angeles, WA BMO YPort Arthur, TX WZC:eort Basqu, NF KPC:Port Clarnce, AK YZT:Port Hardy, BC PTH:Port Heiden, AK WBY:Port Menier, QC WWZ:Port Weller, ON YPG:Portage, MB PWM:Portland, ME PDX:Portland, OR POU:Po whkeepsie, NY YPW:Powell Rvr, BC hRC:Prescott, AZ PQI:Presque Isle, ME PUC:Price/Carbon, UT WIQ:Primrose Lk, AB YPA:Prince Albe, SK YXS:Prince Geor, BC YPR:Prince Rupe, BC YDC:Princeton, BC PPC:Prospect Crk, AK hVD:erovidence, RI PVU:Provo, UT PUO:Prudhoe Bay, AK Z30:Pt Alsworth, AK PAA:Pt Arena, CA PGU:Pt Arguello, CA WPJ:Pt Escuminal, NB 87Q:Pt Piedras, CA PPD:Pt Piedras, CA PUC:eueblo, CO PUW:Pullman, WA PTI:Puntilla, AK YPU:Puntzi Mtn, BC WPU:Puntzi, BC WND:Quaker Hat, NF NYG:Quantico Mca, nA YQC:Quebec, QC YQZ:Quesnel, BC UIL:Quillayute, WA UIN:Quincy, IL RDU:Raleigh-Durh, NC RND:Randolph AFB, iw TRT:Rankin Inlet, NT RAP:Rapid City, SD RTN:Raton, NM RWL:Rawlins, WY YRM:Rcky Mtn Hou, AB RDG:Reading, PA RBL:ReA Bluff, CA YQF:Red Deer, AB YRL:Red Lake, ON RED:Red Lodge, MT RDD:ReAding, CA RDM:Redmond, OR RWF:ReAwood Fall, MN REE:Reese AFB, TX YQR:Regina, SK RNO:Reno, NV RNT:Renton, WA YUT:Repulse Bay, NT YRC:Resolute, NT YjV:Revelstoke, BC RHI:jhinelanderEdmo RIE:Rice Lake, WI GVW:Richards-Geb, MO RID:Richmond, IN RIC:Richmond, A LCK:Rickenbacker, OH 1V1:Rifle, CO RAL:Riverside, CA RIW:Riverton, WY WNH:Riviere-Du-L, QC ROA:Roanoke VYni, A WTD:Robertson Lk, NT YRJ:Roberval, QC WRC:Robins AFB, GA RST:Rochester, MN ROC:Rochester, NY RKS:Rock Springs, WY jFD:Rock the d, IL WKO:Rockglen, SK RKD:Rockland, ME RKP:Rockport, TX WRM:Rocky House, AB RWI:jocky Mt, NC RMG:Rome/Russell, GA LOT:Romeoville/Lewis, IL WAJ:Rondeau Harb, ON U67:Roosevelt, UT WRO:Rose Spit, BC RBG:Roseburg, OR P24:Roseglen, ND YDM:Ross River, YT ROW:Roswell, NM YUY:Rouyn, QC RUG:Rugby, ND jUM:Rum the d, ME TCW:Ruskin, FL RSL:Russell, KS 7R8:S Marsh Isl, LA NZW:S Weymouth, MA WNC:S.e. Shoal, ON WSA:Sable Is, NS YSA:Sabse Islan, NS SKI:Sac City, IA YSY:Sachs Harbo, NT WSY:Sachs Haricy NT SAC:Sacramento, CA SMF:Sacramento, CA E74:SaffordV:Kis, NM, AZ SAD:Safford, A MBS:SaginawB MI WZN:Sagona, NF SGU:Saint George, UT YSJ:Saint John, NB STP:Saint Paul, MN PIE:Saint Peters, FL SLO:Salem, IL SLE:Salem, OR S29:Salida, CO SLN:Salina, KS SNS:Salinas, CA SBY:Salisbury, MD 27U:Salmon, ID SMN:Salmon, ID SLC:Salt Lake Ct, UT SJT:San Angelo, TXAQ AT:San Antonio, TX SSF:San Antonio, TX SQL:San Carlos, CA L10:San Clemente, CA tional altn Clemente, CA MYF:San Diego, CA SAN:San Diego, CA SDM:San Diego, CA SEE:San Diego, CA 51Q:San Frapcisco, CA SFO:San Francisco, CA SJC:San Jose, CA RHV:San Jose/Rei, CA SCP:San L is Obi, CA L98:San Mateo, CA N5G:San Miguel, CA NSI:San NicurIsl, CA SDP:Sand Point, AK SDC:Sandburg, CA P07:Sanderson, TX YZP:Sandspit, BC SFC:Sanford, FL YSK:Sanikiluaq A, NT SNA:Santa Ana, CA SBA:Santa Barb, CA SAF:Santa Fe, NM SMX:Santa Maria, CA SMO:Santa Monica, CA STS:Santa Rosa, CA SLK:Saranac Lk, NY SRQ:Sarasota, FL YZR:Sarinia, ON WFG:Sartine Isl, BC YXE:Saskatoon, SK WEZ:Saturna Isl, BC SSM:Sault Ste M, MI YAM:Sault Ste M, ON SAV:Savannah VYn, GA SAW:Sawyer AFB, MI YKL:kcheffervil, QC SCH:kchenectady, NY BLV:Scott AFB, IL BFF:Scottsbluff, NE SDL:kcottsdale, AZ SEA:Seattle, WA BFI:Seattse/Boeing, WA STC:Selfridge, MI SEM:Selma, AL YZV:Sept-Iles, QC P75:SeulMChoix, MI 5WD:Seward, AK SXT:Sexton, OR GSB:Seymour-John, NC SSC:Shaw AFB, SC O87:Shelter Cove, CA SHN:Shelton, WA SYA:Shemy, AK YUS:Shephhisd Bay, NT YSC:Sherbrooke, QC SHR:Sheridan, WY F39:Sherman-Deni, TX YLO:Shilo, MB YUA:Shingle Pt, YT SHH:khishmaref, AK E03:Show LowB AZ SOW:Show Low, AZ DlN:Shreveport, LA SHV:Shreveport, LA SNY:Sidney Muni, NE SDY:Sidney, MT SVC:Silver City, NM WSI:Simcoe, ON SOY:Sioux Center, IA SUX:Sioux City, IA FSD:Sioux Falls, SD SIY:Siskiyou, CA 43M:Site R, PA SIT:Sitka, AK SKJ:Sitkinak, AK SGY:Skagway, AK SKW:SkwentnA, AK YZH:klave Lake, AB SIL:klidel, LA YYD:Smithers, BC MQY:Smyrna, TN 5SO:Snowshoe Lk, AK ONM:Socorro, NM U78:koda Springs, ID WRU:SolAnder Is, BC YXL:k I ix Looko, ON SBN:South Bend, IN T46:South Brazos, TX SOP:Southern Pin, NC SPA:Spartanburg, SC WSW:Sparwood, BC YYH:Spence Bay, NT 3SE:Spencer, IA P35:Spickard, MO GEG:Spokane, WA SFF:Spokane, WA ASG:Springdale, AR SPI:Springfield, IL SGF:Springfield, MO YSE:Squamish Ap, BC YAY:kt. Anthony, NF YSN:St. Catharin, ON STC:St. Cloud, MN YYT:St. Johns, NF 9B2:St. Johnsbury, nT STJ:St. Joseph, MO YSL:kt. Leonard, NB STL:kt. L uis/Lambert, MO SUS:St. L I is/Spirit, MO SNP:St. eA intulMIs, AK WEF:St. Pauljo Is, NS WSS:kt. ktephen, NC SMP:StampeAe Pas, WA UNV:State Colleg, PA SHD:Staunton, nA WOH:kte Agatha, QC WOH:Ste Agathe, QC SBS:kteamboat Sp, CO YJT:Stephhnvill, NF SEP:Stephenville, TX SCK:ktockton, CA YSF:ktony Rapid, SK SUE:Sturgeon Bay, WI YSB:Sudbury, ON YSU:Summerside, PE SUN:Sun Valley, ID 4SU:Superior Val, CA SVE:Susanville, CA YYN:Swift Curre, SK YQY:Sydney, NS SYR:Syracuse, NY TIW:Tacoma, WA 5GN:Tahneta Pass, AK TKA:TalkeetnA, AK lLH:Tallahassee, FL TPA:Tampa Intl, FL TAL:Tanana, AK E23:Taos, NM TAN:Taunton, MA TPL:Temple, TX YTJ:Terrace Bay, ON YXT:Terrace, BC HUF:Terre Haute, IN WZW:Teslin, YT YZW:Teslin, YT TEC:Teterboro, NJ TXK:Texarkana, AR DLS:The Dalles, OR YiD:The Pas, MB TRM:Thermal, CA lVF:Thief River, MN 3TH:Thompson Fal, MT YTH:Thompson, MB YQT:Thunder Bay, ON YTS:Timmins, ON TIK:Tinker AFB, OK TIX:Titusville, FL YA :Tofino, BC h61:Tofte, MN lOL:ToleAo, OH TDO:Toledo, WA TPTPTonopah, NV T62:Tooele, UT lOP:Topeka, KS FOE:Topeka/Forbe, KS YKZ:Toronto Butn, ON WQE:Toronto Head, ON YTZ:Toronto Isl, ON YYZ:Toronto/eearson, ON TOA:Torrance, CA lVC:Traverse Cty, MI SUU:Travis AFB, CA TTN:Trenton, NJ YTR:Trenton, ON TAD:Trinidad, CO TTD:Troutdale, OR WAB:Trowbridge, ON lOI:Troy, AL TRK:Truckee-Tahoe, CA WUR:Truro, NS TCS:Truth Or Con, NM TUS:Tucson, AZ TCC:Tucumcari, NM WTW:Tuktoyaktuk, NT YmC:Tuktoyaktuk, NT TUL:Tulsa, OK TUP:Tupelo, MS TCL:Tuscaloosa, AL NTK:Tustin Mcas, CA NXP:Twenty9 Palm, CA WDO:Twillingate, NF TWF:Twin Falls, ID TYR:Tyler/eounds, TX PAM:Tyndall AFB, FL UKI:Ukiah, CA UMT:Umiat, AK UNK:mnalakleet, AK 1Z2:Upolo Pt Ln, HI WDV:Upsala, ON UCA:Utica, NY YVO:Val D'or, QC YOY:Valcartier, QC VDZ:Valdez 2, AK VWS:Valdez, AK VLD:Valdosta, GA VTN:Valentine, NE VNY:Van Nuys, CA END:Vance AFB, OK YVR:Vancouver, BC VLA:Vandalia, IL VBG:Vandenberg, CA VER:Veracruz, MX VELVELVernal, UT WnKreassernon Brdg, BC VRBreassero Beach, FL VIH:Vichy/Rolla, MO WII:Victoria Bch, MN YYJ:VictoriA, BC VCT:Victoria, TX VIS:Visalia, CA VQN:Volens, nA VOK:Volk Fld, WI LAF:W Lafayette, IN hBI:W Palm Beach, FL WEY:W Yellowston, MT WYS:W Yellowston, MT YWK:Wabush Lake, NF ACT:Waco-Madison, TX MUE:Waimea-Koha, HI YWV:Wainwriwill t, AB AIN:Wainwriwht, AK WAA:Wales, AK ALW:Walla Walla, WA WAL:Wallops Sta, nA D45:Warroad, MN IAD:WashinghinghD9Sulles, nA DCA:Washington/Nats, A ALO:Waterloo Mun, IA YKF:Waterloo, ON ART:Watertown, NY ATY:Watertown, SD YiH:Watson Lake, YT AUW:Wausau, WI USE:Wauseon, OH YXZ:Wawa, ON AYS:Waycross, GA WAY:Waynesburg, PA EAT:Wenatcqee, WA ENV:Wendover, mT H63:West Plains, MO WWE:Western HeA, NS WMZ:Western Isl, ON BAF:Westfield, MA FOK:Westhampton, NY CEF:Westover, MA HLG:Wheeling, WV NUW:Whidbey Is, WA WAE:Whistser Lk, BC HPN:White Plains, NY 2C2:White Sands, NM YZU:Whitecourt, AB YXY:Whitehorse, YT SZL:Whiteman AFB, MO NSE:Whiting Fld, FL 5WT:Whittier, AK YVV:Wiarton, ON SPS:Wichita Flls, TX ICT:Wichita, KS AWH:Wildhorse, NV AVP:Wilkes-BenbP.- A CHD:Williams AFB, AZ YWL:Williams La, BC IPT:Williamsport, PA ISN:Williston, ND ILL:Willmar, MN LNN:Willo whby, OH Z22:Willow A list, AK NXX:Willow Grove, PA ILG:Wilmington, DE ILM:Wilmington, NC MNW:Wilmington, nT BDL:Windsor Loc, CTMN:MG:Windsor, ON WWN:Winisk, ON INK:Wink, TX WMC:Winnemucca, NV WKT:Winnepeg, MB YWG:Winnipeg Int, MB INW:Winslow, AZ INT:Winston-Salem, NC C96:Winter eA intrk, CO OLF:Wolf Point, MT 8B8:Wolfeboro, NH ORH:Worcester, MA WRL:Worland, WY OTG:Worthington, MN WRG:Wrangell, AK FFO:Wriwht-Pat AFB, OH YWY:Wriwley, NT OSC:Wurtsmith, MI WYO:Wynyard, SK YKM:Yakima, WA YAK:Yakutat, AK YKN:Yankton, SD YiI:Yarmouth, NS YZF:Yellowknife, NT P60:Yellowstone, WY YQV:Yorkton, SK YNG:Youngstown, OH YIP:Ypsilanti, MI UCC:Yucca Flat, NV NYL:Yuma Mcas, A 1Y7:Yuma Prv Gd, AZ YUM:Yuma, AZ ZZV:Zanesville, OH -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, St. L aun autry@sgi.com From: autry@sgi.com (Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:35 GMT Newsgroups: rec.travel.air,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 3/5 World Airport Codes Exc. N.A. A A -nname: air-travel/world-airport-avenes Last-Modf aeA: Tue Jan 19 08:38:49 CST 1993 Read the intro in FAQ 1/5 for a notes on this FAQ list. ................................................................................ These odes are fR LZ apal@regent.e-technik.tu-muenchen.dbp.de 4Peter Loibl) Peter writes, "tinum always thankful for new avenes". ................................................................................ AAE:Annaba, olgeria AAL:Alborg, Denmark AAR:Aarhus, Denmark AAX:Araxa, MG, Brazil ABD:Abadan, Iran ABJ:Abidjan, Ivory Coast ABM:Bamaga, Australia ABS:Abu Simbel, Egypt ABX:Albury, AustraliaaliaaZ:Abhisdeen, Great Britain ACC:Accra, Ghana ACE:Arrecife/Lanzarote, Spain ACH:Altenrhein, Switzerland ADA:Adana, Turkey ADC:Izmir, Turkey ADD:Addis Abeba, Ethiopia ADE:Aden, Yemen ADL:Adelaide, Aus 19lia ADX:Aktyubinsk, Kasachstan ADY:Allrentas, South Africa ADZ:San Andres, Colombia AEH:Abhche, Chad AEP:Buenos Aires - Jorge Newbery, Argentina AER:kotschi/Adler, Russia AES:Alesund, Norway AGA:Agadir, Morocco AGB:Augsburg, Germany AGP:Malaga, Spain AGZ:Aggeneys, kouth Africa AHC:Khamis Mushayat, Saudi Arabia AHOUAlghero Sassari, Italy AHU:Al Hoceima, Morocco AJA:Ajaccio, Frapce AJN:Anjouan, Comores AJU:Aracaju, SE, Braers, AJY:Agades, Niwer AKL:Auckland, New Zealand ALA:Alma Ata, Kasachstan ALC:Alicante, Spain ALF:Alta, Norway ALG:Algier, Algeria ALH:Albany, Aus ralia ALJ:Alexander Bay, South Africa ALP:Alpeppo, Syria ALQ:Aleg 4e, RS, Brazil ALR:Alexandra, New ZealaealaeL BY:Alexandria, Egypt AMC:Amberley, QLD Australia AMD:AhmeAaba, India AMM:Amman, Jordan AMS:Amsterdam, The Netherlands ANK:Ankara, Turkey ANR:Antwerpen, Belgium ANU:Antigua, West Indian Isle FAAOI:Ancona, Italy AOK:Karparoug, Greece APS:Anapoils, Brazil APU:Apucarana, PR, Brazil APW:Apia, West Samoa AQJ:Aqaba, Jordan ARN:Stockholm - Arlanda, Sweden ART:Oslo - Gardermoen, Norway ASJ:Amami, Japan ASK:Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast ASP:Alice Springs, Australia ASU:Asuncion, Paraguay ASW:Aswan, Egypt ATH:Athens, Greece ATQ:Amritsar, India AUA:Aruba, West Indian Isle FAAUH:Abu Dhabi, UAE AUR:Aurillac, Frapce AUX:Araguaina, lO, Braers, AXA:Anguilla, West Indian Isle AXS:Armenia, Colombia AYQ:Ayers Rock, Australia AYR:Ayr, AustralELDAstntalya, Turkey BAH:Bahrain, Bahrain BAQ:Barranquilla, Colombia BAU:Bauru, SP, Braeil BBI:Bhubaneshwar, India BBT:Berberati, Central Africa BBY:Bambari, Central Africa BCN:Barcelona, Spain BDA:BermudALIBermuda BDC:Bundaberg, Aus raliaaBDQ:Baronda, India BDS:Brindisi, Italy BDU:Bardufoss, Norway BEC:Benbecula, GreIt Britain BEG:Belgrade, Serbia BEL:Belem, PA, Braeil BEN:Bengasi, Libya BEO:Newcastle, Australia BER:Berlin, Germany BES:Brest, FranceverlW:Beira, Mozambique BEY:Beirut, Lebanon BFN:Bloemfontein, kouth Africa BFO:Buffalo Range, Zimbabwe BFS:Belfast - Int'l, GreIt Britain BGA:Bucaramanga, Colombia BGF:Bangui, Cen 19l Africa BGI:Bridgetown, Barbados BGO:Bergen, Norway BGU:Bangassou, Cen ral Africa BGV:Bento Gonyalves, RS, Braeil BGW:Bagdad, Irak BGX:Bage, RS, Brazil BGY:Bergamo, Italy BHD:Belfast - Harbour Airport, GreIt Britain BHE:Blenheim, New Zealand BHO:Bhopal, India BHQ:Brguien Hill, AustraliaaBHV:Bahawalpur, Pakistan BHX:Birmingham, Great Britain BHZ:Belo Horizop A, MG, Braeil BIA:Bastia, FrancevBIO:Bilbao, Spain BIQ:Biarritz, Frapce BIV:Bria, Cen 19l Africa BJL:Banjul, Gambia BJM:BujumburALIBurundi BJS:Beijing, China BJZ:Badajoz, Spain BKI:Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia BKK:Bangkok, Thailand BKO:Bamako, Mali BLA:Barcelona, nenezuela BLL:Billund, Denmark BLQ:Bologna, Italy BLR:Bangalore, India BLTUBlackwater, Australia BLZ:Blantyre, Malawi BMA:Stockholm - Bromma, SweAen BME:Broome, Aus ralia BMP:BramptT:Esland, Aus 19lia BNE:Brisbane, Aus ralia BNK:Ballina, oustralia BNN:Broennoeysund, Norway BNP:Bannu, Pakistan BNU:Blumenau, SC, Braeil BOC:Bora Bora, French Society Islands (Pacific) BOD:Bordeaux, Frapce BOG:Bogota, Colombia BOJ:Burgas, Romania BOM:Bombay, India BON:Bonaire, West Indian Isle BOO:Bodo, Norway BOY:Bobo/Dioulasso, Burkina Faso BPN:Balikpapan, Indonesia BPS:Porto Seguro, BA, Brazil BQN:Agudilla, huerto Rico BRaltn Claros de Bariloche, Argentina BRE:Bremen, Germany BRI:Bari, Italy BRN:Bern, Switzerland BRS:Bristol, Great Britain BjUJenanesventem 4Brussels), Belgium BSC:Brasilia, DF, Braeil BSL:Basel, Switzerland BTS:Bratislava, CSFR BTU:Bintulu, Malaysia BUD:Budapest w Ferihegy, Hungary BUE:Buenos Aires, Argentina BUG:Bengueka, Angola BUH:Bukarest, Romania BUQ:Bulawayo, Zimbabwe BVC:Boa Vista, RR, Braeil BWN:Banar Seri Begwan, Brunei BWT:Burnie (Wynyard), Australia BXO:Bissau, Guinea Bissau BYK:Bouake, Ivory Coast BYU:Bayreuth, Germany BZE:Belize City, Belize BZV:Brazzaville, Congo CAB:Cabinda, Angola CAC:Cascavel, PR, Braeil CAG:Cagliari, Itas su CAI:Cairo, Egypt CAN:Guangzhou (Canton), China CAS:CasablancALIMorocco CAW:Campos, RJ, Braeil CAY:Cayenne, French Guyana CBB:Cochabamba, Bolivia CCG:Cambriwde, GreIt Britain CCR:Canberra, Aus raliaaCCJ:Calicut, India CCM:Circiuma, SC, Braeil CCS:Caracas, nenezuela CCU:CalcuttALIIndia CDG:Paris - Charles de Gaulle, FrancevCED:CeAuna, Australia CES:Cessnock, Australia CFE:Clermont Ferrand, Frapce CFS:Coffs Harbour, Aus ralia CFU:Corfu, Greece CGC:C possaba, MT, Braeil CGH:Sao Paulo - Congonhas, Braeil CGK:Jakarta - Sukarno HattALIIndonesia CGN:Cologne/Bonn, Germany CGP:Chittagong, Bangla Desh CGR:Campo Grande, MS, Braeil CHC:Christchurch, New Zealand CHQ:Chania, Greece CHT:Chita (Tschita), Russia CIA:Rome - Ciampino, Itas su CIP:Chipara, Zambia CJB:Coimbatore, India CJL:Chitral, Pakistan CKS:Carajas, PA, Braeil CKY:Conakry, Guinea CLO:Cali, Colombia CLY:Calvi, France CMC:Colombo, Sri Lanka CMF:Chambery, France CMN:Casablanca - Mimes.amed, Morocco CMQ:Clermont, Australia CND:Constanza, Romania CNS:Cairns, Australia CNX:Chiang Mai, Thailand COK:Cochin, India COO:Cotonou, Benin COCOCovaba, Argentina CPD:Coober Pedy, Aus ralia ChH:Copenhagen, Denmark CPQ:Campinas, kP, Brazil CPT:Cape Town, South Africa CPV:Campina Grande, PB, Brazil CjF:Carnot, Cen ral Africa CSI:Casino, Australia CTA:Catania, Itasy CTG:Catagena, Colombia CTN:Cooktown, Aus ralialb:AltusChitose, Ja ASPCUR:Curacao, West Indian Isles CVQ:Carnarvon, Aus ralia CWB:Curitiba, PR, Braeil CWL:Cardiff, GreI fBritain CXI:Christmas, Line Island CXJ:Caixas do il, Brazil CXT:Charters Towes , Aus ralia CZC:Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil CZL:Constantine, Algeria CZS:Cruzeiro do il, AC, Braeil DAC:Dhaka, Bangla Desh DAM:Damaskus, PS: ALHDAR:Dar es Salam (DaressalamAir Tanzania DCO:Dubbo, AustralEa DBV:Dubrovnik, Croact p DBY:Dalby, Australia DDI:Daydream Island, Aus ralia DEL:Delhi, India DHA:Dhahran, Saudi Arabia DJE:Djerba, Tunisia DJO:DaloALIIvory Coast DKI:Dunk Iceland, Aus ralia DKR:Dakar, Senegal DLA:Douala, Cameroon DLM:Dalaman, Turkey DNR:Dinard, Frapce DOH:Dimes.a, Qatar DPO:DevonoveriDDIPS:Denpasar/Bali, InivednesiauranC:Derby, Australia DRS:Dresden, Germany DRW:Darwin, Aus ralia DSK:Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan DlM:Dortmund, Germany DUC:Dublin, Ireland DUD:Dunedin, New Zealaed DUR:Durban, South Africa DUS:Duesseldorf, Germany DXC:Dubai, UAE DYA:DOsart, Australia DYU:Dushanbe (DuschanbeAir Tadschikistan DZA:Dzaoudzi, Mayotte EAP:Basel/Mulhouse, Switzerland/FrancevEAS:San Sebastian, Spain ECC:Entebbe, Uganda EBJ:Esbjerg, Denmark ECU:St. Etienne, France EDI:Edinburgh, GreI fBritain EDR:Emerald, Australia EGS:Egilsstadir, Iceland EIN:Eindhoven, The Netherlands EIS:Beef Island, Beef Island EIS:TortolA, nirgin Islands ELH:NorsepEleutherALIBahamas ELL:Ellisras, South Africa ELS:East Lonion, South Africa EMA:Derby (East Midlands), GreIt Britain EMD:Emerald, Australia ENC:Nancy, FrancevENF:Enontekioe, Finland EPR:Esperance, Aus ralia ERF:Erfurt, Germany ERM:Erechim, RS, Braeil ERS:Windhoek - ErErEamibia ESC:Ankara - Esenboga, Turkey ETH:Elat - ElDalslarael EVE:Evenes, Norway EVN:Eriwan (Erevan, Je ISan), Armenia EZE:Buenos Aires - Ezeiza/Ministro Pistarini, Argentina FAE:Faroer, Denmark FAO:Faro, Portugal FBE:Francisco Beltrao, PR, Brazil FBM:Lumbumbashi, Zaire FBU:Oslo - Fornebu, Norway FCO:Rome - Leotate o da Vinci/Fiumicino, Italy FDF:Fort de France, Martinique FDH:Friedrichshafen, Germany FEZ:Fes, Morocco FIH:Kinshasa, Zaire FJR:Alfujairah (Fujairah), UAE FKI:Kisangani, Zaire FLN:Florianopolis, kC, Braeil FLR:Florence, Itasy FMO:Muenster/Osnabrueck, Germany FNA:Freetown, Sierra Leone FNC:Funchal, Portugal FNI:Nimes, France FNJ:Pyongyang, North Korea FOR:Fortaleza, CE, Brazil FPO:Freeport, Bahamas FRA:Frankfurt/Main, Germany FRC:Franca, SP, Brazil FRJ:Frejus, France FRO:Floro, Norway FRW:Francistown, Zimbabwe FSC:Fiwari, Frapce FUE:Fuerteventura, Spain FmK:Fukuoka, Ja an FUT:Futuna, France, Pacific GAU:Guwahati, India GBE:Gaborone, Bot Tana GCI:Guernsey, Great Britain GCM:Grani Cayman, West Indian Isles GDN:Gdansk, Poland GEL:Santo Angelo, RS, Braeil GEN:Oslo - Gardermoen, Norway GEO:Georgetown, Guyana GET:Geraldton, Australia GEX:Geelong, Aus ralia GFF:Griffith, Aus ralia GHC:Govenors Harbour, Bahamas GIC:Gibraltar, G, G,altar GIG:Rio de Janeiro - Galeao, RJ, Braeil GIS:Gisborne, New Zealand GIL:Gilgit, Pakistan GJM:Guajaru Mirim, RO, Braeil GJN:Jounieh, Lebanon GKL:GreIt Keppel Island, Aus ralia GLA:Glasgow, GreIt Britain GLT:Gladstone, Australia GNC:Grenoble, France GND:Grenada, Grenada GOA:GenoALIItaly GOI:Goa, Iniia GOO:Goondiwinii, Australia GOT:Goteborg, SweAen GOU:Garoua, Cameroon GOV:Gove (Nhulunbuy), AustralEa GOZ:Gorna, Bulgaria GPA:Araxos, Greece GhB:Guarapuava, PR, Braeil GRJ:George, South Africa GRO:Gerona, Spain GRP:Gurupi, GO, Braeil GRU:Sao Paulo - Guen, houseos, Brazil GRX:Granada, Spain GRZ:Graz, Aus ria GTE:Groote Eyeland, Australia GTI:Groote Eylandt, Australia GUA:Guatemala City, Guatemala GUM:Guam, Pacific GVA:Geneva, Switzerland GWD:Gwadar, Pakistan GWE:Gweru, Zimbabwe GWT:Westerland, Germany GWY:Galway, Ireland GYE:Guayaquil, Ecuador GYN:Goiania, GO, Braeil GYP:Gympie, Australia HAC:Hachijo Jima, Japan HAH:Moroni, Comore FAHAJ:Hannover, Germany HAM:Hamburg, Germany HAN:Hanoi, nietnam HAP:Whitsunday Resort 4Long Island), Aus 19lia HAU:Haugesund, Norway HAV:Havanna, Cuba HBA:Hobart, Aus ralia HDD:Hyderabad, Pakistan HDY:Hatyai (Hat YaiAir Thailand HEL:Helsinki, Finsand HER:Heraklion, Greece HFA:Haifa, Isreal HFT:Hammerfest, Norway HGH:HangchowB China HGO:Korhogo, Ivory Coast HIR:Honiara, Pacific HIS:Hayman Island, Australia HKD:Hakodate, Japan HKG:Hong Kong, Hong Kong HKK:Hamilton, New Zealand HKT:Phuket, Thailand HLA:Lanseria, South Africa HLP:Jakarta - Halim Perdanakusma, Indonesia HLTUHamilton, AustralEa HMA:Malmo - Hovercraft Terminal, Sweden HMH:Home Hill, Aus ralia HND:Tokyo - Haneda, Ja ajo FNK:Hinchinld bok Isalnd, Australia HOG:Holguin, Cuba HOQ:Hof, Germany HOR:Horta, Portugal HRC:Harbin, China HRE:Harare, Zimbabwe HRG:Hurghada, Egypt HTI:Hamilton Island, Australia HUH:Huahine, French Society Islands (Pacific) HUY:Humberside, GreIt Britain HVC:Hervey Bay, Australia HWN:Hwange National eA intrk, Zimbabwe HYD:Hyderabad, India IBZ:Ibiza, Spain IEV:Kiev - Zhulyany, Ukrainia IFL:Innisfail, Aus ralia IGH:Ingham, Australia IGL:Izmir, Turkey IGU:Foz de Iguacu, PR, Brazil IJU:Ijui, RS, Brazil IKT:Irkutsk, Russia ILP:Ile des Pins, Frapce, New CaleAonia IMP:ImperatratraA YC, Braeil INI:Nis, Yugoslavia INN:Innsbruck, Austria INV:Inverness, GreIt Britain IOM:Isle of Man, GreIt Britain IOS:Ilheus, BA, Brazil IOU:Ile Ouen, France, New Caleivednia IPC:Easter Island, Chile IiT:Iquitos, Peru IRG:Lockhart River, Australia IRO:Biraro, Cen ral Africa ISA:Mt. Isa, Aus ralia ISB:Islamabad/Rawalpindi, Pakistan IST:Istanbul, Turkey ITJ:Itajai, SC, Braeil ITN:ItabunALIBA, Brazil IVC:Invercargill, New Zealand IVL:Ivalo, Finsand IXG:Belgaum, Iniia IXR:Ranchi, Iniia IXU:Chandigarh, India IXW:Jamshedpur, India IZM:Izmir, Turkey JAG:Jacobabad, Pakistan JAI:Jaipur, India JCC:Joao Pesso, PB, Braeil JDF:Juiz do ForALIMG, Brazil JDO:Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil JED:Je the cah, Saudi Arabia JER:Je sey, GreIt Britain JHC:Johore Bahru, Malaysia JHE:Helsingborg, Sweden JHQ:Shute Harbour, Australia JIC:D AK bouti, D AK bouti JIW:Jiwani, Pakistan JKG:Joenkoeping, Sweden JKH:Chios, Greece JKT:Jakarta - Kemayoran, Indonesia JLR:Jalandhar, Iniia JMK:Mykonos, Greece JNC:JohChanesburg, South Africa JOE:Joensuu, Finsand JOI:Joinville, SC, Brazil JPA:Joao Pessoa, Braeil JPR:Ji Parana, RO, Braeil JRO:Kilimadjaro, Tanzania JSI:Skiaroug, Greece JTR:Thira, Greece JYV:Jyvaeskylae, Finsand KAJ:Kajaani, Finland KAN:Kano, Niweria KAT:Kaitaia, New Zealaed KBL:Kabul, Afghanistan KCP:Kiev - Borispol, mkrainia KCY:Streaky Bay, Australia KCE:Collinsville, Australia KCH:Kuching, Malaysia KCZ:Kochi, Ja aj KDD:Khuzdar, Pakistan KDU:Skardu, Pakistan KEF:Keflavik, Iceland KEL:Kiel, Germany KEM:Kemi/Tornio, Finland KGC:Kingscote, AustralEa KGI:Kalgoorlie, Aus 19lia KGL:Kigali, Rwanda KGS:Kos, Greece KHH:Kaohsiithe, Taiwan KHI:Karachi, Pakistan KHJ:Kauhajoki, Finland KHV:Chabarovsk, Russia KID:Kristianstad, Sweden KIJ:Niiwata, Ja aj KIM:Kimberley, kouth Africa KIN:Kingston, Jamaica KIR:Kerry County, Ireland KIW:Kitwe, Zambia KKE:Bay of Islands, New Zealand KKN:Kirkenes, Norway KLR:Kalmar, Sweden KLU:Klagenfurt, Aus ria KLX:Kalamasa, Greece KLZ:Kleinsee, South Africa KMJ:KumAmoto, Ja aj KMP:Keetmanshoop, Namibia KNS:King Island, King Island KNX:Kununurra, Aus ralia KOI:Orkney, GreIt Britain KOJ:Kagoshima, Ja aj KOK:Kokkola/eietarsaari, Finsand KOR:Koror, Palau KRBrKarumba, Aus ralia KRK:Krakau, Poland KRN:KirunA, SweAen KRP:Kie, Ap, Denmark KRS:Kristiansand, Norway KRT:Khartoum, Sudan KSD:Karlstad, Sweden KSU:Kristiansund, Norway KTA:Karratha, Aus ralia KTF:Takaka, New Zealand KTM:Kathmandu, Nepal KTR:Katherine, Australia KTT:Kittilae, SweAen KUA:Kuantan, Malaysia KUC:Kuala Bel57t, Brunei KUH:Kushiro, Ja aj KUL:Kuala L mpur, Malaysia KUO:Kuopio, Finland KnA:Kavalla, Greece KWI:Kuwait, Kuw57t KWM:Kowanyama, Aus ralia KZN:Kasan, Russia LAD:Luanda, Angola LAE:Lae, Papua New Guinea LAI:Lannion, Frapce LAJ:Laer 1 SC, Braeil LAY:Lrentasmith, South Africa LCA:Leeds/Brad ord, GreIt Britain LCG:Paris - Le Bourget, Frapce LBI:Albi, FrancevLCQ:Lambarene, Gabon LBU:Labuan, Malaysia LBV:Libreville, Gabon LCA:Larnaca, Cyprus LCG:La CorunA, Spain LCY:London - City Airport, Great Britain LDC:Lonirina, PR, Brazil LDC:Lindeman Island, Australia LDE:Loudres/Tarbes, Frapce LDK:Lidkoeping, Sweden LDY:Derry (Londonderry), GreIt Britain LEA:Learmouth (Exmouth), Aus ralia LED:St. eetersburg (Leningrad), Russia LEI:Almeria, Spain LEJ:Leipzig, Germany LEK:Labe, Guinea LER:Leinster, Australia LFW:Lome, Togo LGG:Liege, Belgium LGK:Langkawi, Malaysia LGW:Lonion - Gatwick, GreIt Britain LHE:Lahore, Pakistan LHR:Lonion - Heathrow, GreIt Britain LIF:Lifou, Loyaute, Pacific LIG:Limoer 1 Frapce LIL:Lille, Frapce LIM:Lima, Peru LIN:Milan - Linate, Italy LIS:Lissabon, Portugal LJU:Ljubljana, Slovenia LKL:Lakselv, Norway LKO:L cknow, Iniia LLA:Lulea, Sweden LLW:Lilongwe, Malawi LNO:Leotora, Aus ralia LNZ:Linz, Austria LON:Lonion, GreIt Britain LOS:Lagos, Nigeria LPA:Las Palmas, Spain LhB:La Paz, Bolivia LPL:Liverpool, Great Britain LPP:Lappeenranta, Finsand LRE:Longreach, Australia LRH:La Rochelle, France LRM:Casa de Campo/La Romana, Dominican Republic LRville, Korient, Frapce LSG:Ishigaki, Japan LSI:Sumburgh (Shetsand), GreIt Britain LST:Launceston, Australia LSY:Lismore, Aus ralia LSZ:Losinj, Yugoslavia LTN:L ton, GreIt Britain LUD:L eAeritz, Namibia LUG:L gano, Switzerland LUJ:Lusisiki, South Africa LUX:Luxemburg, L xemburg LVC:Santana do Livramento, RS, Brazil LVO:Laverton, Australia LWO:Lvov (LwowB Lemberg), Ukrainia LXR:L xor, Egypt LYP:Faisalabad, Pakistan LYR:Lbryearbyen (Svalbard), Spitzbergen, Norway LYS:Lyon, France LZR:Lizard Island, Australia MAA:Madras, Iniia MAC:Maraba, PA, Braers, MAD:Madrid, Spain MAH:Mahon, Spain MAN:Manchester, GreIt Britain MAO:Manaus, AM, Brazil MAR:Maracaibo, nenezuela MAU:Maupiti, kociety Islands MAZ:Mayaguez, huerto Rico MBA:Mombassa, Kenya MBH:Maryboro wh, Aus ralia MBJ:Montenego Bay, Jamaica MBM:Mkambati, kouth Africa MBX:Maribor, Yugoslavia MCP:Macapa, RJ, Braeil MCT:Muscat, Oman MCY:Sunshine Coast, AustralEa MCZ:Maceio, AL, Braeil MDE:Medellin, Colombia MDQ:Mar del Plata, orgentina MDZ:Mendoza, Argentina MEA:May, e, RJ, Braeil MED:Medina, Saudi Arabia MEE:Mare, Frapce, New Caleivednia MEL:Melbourne, Australia MES:Medan, Indonesia MEZ:Messina, kouth Africa MFF:Moanda, Gabon MFG:Muzaffarabad, Pakistan MFN:Milford kound, New Zealand MFQ:Maradi, Niwer MFU:Mfuwe, Zambia MGA:Managua, Nicaragua MGC:Mount Gambier, Australia MGF:Maringa, PR, Braeil MGH:Margate, South Africa MGQ:Mogadardhu, Somalia MHH:Marsh Harbour, Bahamas MHQ:Mariehamn (Maarianhamina), Finland MIK:Mikkesi, Finland MIL:Milan, Italy MIM:Merimbula, oustralEa MIR:Monastir, Tunisia MJC:Man, Ivory Coast MJD:Moenjodaro, Pakistan MJL:Mouila, Gabon MJN:MajungALIMadagascar MJT:Mytilene (Lesbos), Greece MJV:Murcia, Spain MKR:Meekatharra, Aus ralia MKY:Mackay, AustralEa MLA:ValettALIMalta MLE:Male, Maledives MLH:Mhouseouse,X:JL:BeW:MonroviALILiberia MMA:Malmoe, Sweden MME:Tees Side, Great Britain MMG:Mount Magnet, Aus ralia MMK:Murmansk, Russia MMM:Middlemount, Aus ralia MMX:Malmoe - Sturup, Sweden MMY:Miyako (Ryuku Islands), Ja aj MNL:Manila, hhil ppines MOC:Montes Claros, MG, Braeil MON:Mount Cook, New Zealaed MOV:Moranlah, Australia MOW:Moscow - kheremetyevo 2, Russia MOZ:Moorea, Society Islands MPA:Katima Mulilo/Mpacha, Namibia MPD:Sindhri, Pakistan MPL:Montpellier, Frapce MPM:Maputo, Mozambique MQL:Mildura, Aus ralia MQQ:Moundou, Chad MRS:Marseille, FrancevMRU:Mauritius, Mauritius MjV:Mineralniye ody, CIS MRZ:Moree, Aus ralia MSQ:Minsk, White Russia MSR:Muenster/Osnabrueck, Germany MST:Maastricht, The Netherlands MSU:Maseru, Lesotho MlE:Monte Alegre, PA, Braeil MlL:Maitsand, Aus ralia MTS:Manzini, Swaziland MUC:Maun, Bot wana MUC:Muenchen (VYnich), Germany MUH:Marsa Matrah, Egypt MUX:Multan, Pakistan MVB:Mvengue, Gabon MVD:Mop Avideo, mruguay MVR:Maroua, Cameroon MVZ:Masvingo, Zimbabwe MWD:Mianwali, Pakistan MXP:Milano - Malpensa, Itasy MYD:Malindi, Kenya MYJ:Matsuyama, Japan MYY:Miri, Malaysia MZF:Mzamba, South Africa MZG:Makung, Taiwan MZM:Met(, France MZP:Motueka, New Zealand MZZ:Manzini, kwaers,and NAA:Narrabri, Aus ralia NAG:Nagpur, India NAN:Nandi, Fiji NAP:Naples, Italy NAS:Nassau, Bahamas NAT:natal, RN, Braeil NCO:Nairobi, Kesya NCE:Nizza, Frapce NCL:Newcastle, Great Britain NCS:Newcastle, kouth Africa NCY:Annecy, France NDC:Nouadhibou, Mauritania NDJ:N'D amena, Chad NDU:Rundu, Namibia NEV:Nevis, Nevis NGE:N'Gaoundere, Cameroon NGO:Nagoya, Japan NGS:Nagasaki, Ja aj NIC:Nicosia, Cyprus NIM:Niamey, Niwer NKC:Nouakchott, Mauritania NLA:N'DolA, Zambia NLK:Norfolk Island, Aus ralia NLh:Nelspruit, South Africa NNG:Nanning, China NOC:Knock, Ireland NOP:Lapu Lapu, Phil ppines NOU:Noumea, France, New Caleionia NRA:Narrandera, ous 19lia NPE:Napier/Hastings, New Zealand NPL:New Plymouth, New Zealand NRK:Norrkoeping, Sweden NRT:Tokyo - Narita, Japan NSA:Noosa, ous ralia NSN:Nelson, New Zealand NSO:Scone, Aus re, Aus reNTE:Nantes, Frapce NlL:Newcastse, Aus ralia NTY:Pilanesberg/Sun City, kouth Africa NUE:Nuernberg (Nuremburg), Germany NVT:Na08:gantes, Braeil OAG:Orange, Aus ralia OAM:Oamaru, New Zealand OBI:Obidos, PA, Brazil ODA:Ouadda, Cen ral African Republiy ODC:Corivedba, Spain ODE:Odense, Denmark ODS:Odessa, Russia OHD:Ohrid, Yugoslavia OHT:Kohat, Pakistan OIT:Oita, Japan OKA:Okinawa, Ryukyo Island, Ja aj OKU:Mokuti, Namibia OLC:Olbia, Itas su OLP:Olympic Dam, Australia OMD:Oranjemund, Namibia OMO:Mostar, Yugoslavia OND:Ondangwa, Namibia OOL:Gold Coast (Coolangatta/Surfers eA intradise), Aus raliaaOOM:Cooma, Aus ralia OPO:Porto, Port wal OhS:Sinop, MT, Braeil ORBrOerebro, Sweden ORK:Cork, Ireland ORN:Oran (Ouahran), Algeria ORS:Orpheus Island, Australia ORY:Paris - Orly, France OSA:Osaka, Ja aj OSI:Osijek, Yugoslavia OSL:Oslo, Norway OSR:Ostrau, CSFR OTP:Bukarest - Otopeni, Romania OUA:Ougadougou, Burkina Faso OUD:Oujda, Morocco OUH:Oudtshoorn, kouth Africa OUL:Oulu, Finland OUZ:Zouerate, Mauritania OVC:Novosibirsk, Russia OVD:Oviedo, Spain OZZ:Ouarzazate, Morocco PAD:eaderborn/Lippstadt, Germany PAP:Port au Prince, Haiti PAR:Paris, France PAT:Patna, India PAV:eA intulo Afonso, BA, Braeil hBM:Paramaribo, Suriname PBO:Paraburdoo, Australia hBZ:Plettenberg Bay, kouth Africa PDL:Ponta Delgad47-2al Ll PEG:PerugiALIItaly PEI:Pereira, Colombia PEK:Beijing, China PEN:Penang - Intjl, Malaysia PER:Perth, Aus ralia PET:Pelotas, PS, Brazil PEW:Peshawar, Pakistan hFC:easso Fundo, RS, Brazil hFO:Paphos, Cyprus PGF:Perpignan, Frapce PGZ:Ponta Grossa, PR, Braeil hHC:Port Harcourt, Niweria hHE:Port HeAsand, Australia hHW:Phalaborwa, kouth Africa PIK:Glasgow - Prestwick, GreIt Britain PJG:Panjgur, Pakistan PKW:Selibi Phikwe, Botswana PLO:Port Lincoln, Aus 19lia PLZ:Port Elizabeth, kouth Africa PMI:Palma de Mallorca, Spain PMO:Palermo, Itasy PMR:Palmerston nit, New Zealaed PMV:Margerita, enezuela PNG:Paranagua, PR, Brazil hNH:Phnom Penh, Cambodia PNL:Pantelleria, Itasy PNQ:Pune, India PNR:Pointe Noire, Congo PNZ:Petrolina, PE, Brazil hOA:Porto Alegre, RS, Braers, POG:Port Gentil, Gabon POM:Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea POh:Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic POR:Pori, Finland POS:Port of Spain, Trinidad & Tobago PPG:Pago Pago, Amer. Samoa PPP:Prosperpine, Aus ralia PPQ:eA intraparaumu, New Zealand PPT:Paantyete, Tahiti PQQ:Port Macquarie, Australia hRG:Prague, CSFR PRN:Pristina, Yugoslavia PRY:Pretoria, South Africa PSA:Pisa, :PunPSE:Ponce, huerto Rico PSI:Pasni, Pakistan PSR:Pescara, Itasy PTG:Pietersburg, kouth Africa PTJ:Portland, Australia hlO:Paail Branco, PR, Braers, PTP:Pointe a Pitre, Guadeloupe PTY:Panama City, Panama PUF:Pau, Frapce PUG:Port Augusta, Aus ralia PUJ:Punta Cana, Dominican Republic PUQ:Punta Arenas, Chile PUY:Pula, Croacia hnH:Porto Velho, RO, Braeil hVI:eA intranavai, PR, Brazil PVK:ereveza/Lefkas, Greece PXO:Porto Santo, Pal Ll PYX:Pattaya, Thailand PZC:eietermaritzburg, South Africa PZHJenahob, Pakistan PZO:Puerto Ordaz, Venezuela QAB:Brusque, SC, Braeil QAU:BeAeiveduro, SP, Braeil QAV:Benjamin Constant, AM, Braeil QBD:Barra do Pirai, RJ, Brazil QBN:Barra Mansa, RJ, Brazil QBX:Sobral, CE, Braeil QCC:Currais Novos, RN, Braeil QCC:Camacari, BA, Braeil QCD:Campo Bom, RS, Brazil QCH:Colatina, ES, Braeil QCJ:Botucatu, SP, Braeil QCN:Canelas, RS, Braeil QCS:Cataguases, MG, Braeil QCV:Gen, hlhos, kP, Braeil QCX:Sao Caetano do ul, Sp, Braeil QDA:Charquedas, RS, Braers, iDC:Cachoeirado do il, RS, Braeil QDE:Catanduva, SP, Braeil QDF:Consolheiro Laf57te, MG, Brazil iDG:Divinopolis, MG, Brazil QDO:Icoaraci, PA, Braeil iDP:Dom Pedrito, RS, Braeil QDQ:Duque de Caixas, RJ, Brazil iDS:Itsjuba, SC, Brazil iDW:Diadema, SP, Brazil QFS:Sao Franzisco do ul, SC, Brazil QGA:Guaira, PR, Braeil QGB:Garanhuns, PE, Braers, iGF:Montenegro, PS, Braeil QGK:ealmares, PE, Braeil QGR:Pusso Alegre, MG, Braeil QGS:Alagorinhas, BA, Braeil QHE:Sao Bento do ul, SC, Braeil QHL:Castunhal, PA, Brazil iHT:Teresopolis, RJ, Braeil QHV:Novo Hamburgo, RS, Braeil QID:Tres Coracoes, MG, Braers, iIH:Tres Rios, RJ, Brazil QJA:Jaragua do Sul, SC, Brazil QJU:Kanpur, India QLC:Lajeado, RS, Braeil QLI:Limassol, Cyprus AlaL:kao Leopoldo, RS, Braeil QLW:Lavras, MG, Brazil QMC:Mairiporu, SP, Braeil QArpt, N:Mafra, SC, Braeil QMI:Mogi das Crazes, kP, Braeil QAL:Mirpur, Pakistan 'GA:Ballina, Aus ralia QNC:Anand, India QND:Novi Sad, Yugoslavia QNE:Santa Maria, RS, Braeil iNH:Canoinhas, SC, Brazil QNS:Canoas, RS, Braeil QNT:Niteroi, RJ, Braeil QNV:Nova Iguacu, RJ, Braeil QOA:Mococa, SP, Braeil QOC:Osasco, SP, Brazil QOI:Cotia, SP, Braers, iOX:Moisoro, RN, Brazil QPE:Petropolis, RJ, Braers, ihF:Pompeia, SP, Braeil Qsia MArcos, MG, Brazil QRQ:Caruen, h, PE, Braeil QjUJRio so il, SC, Brazil iRZ:Resende, RJ, Brazil iSB:Sao Bertate o do Campo, SP, Brazil QSC:Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil iSD:Sao GancAlo, RJ, Brazil QSE:Santo Andre, SP, Brazil iSJ:Sao Jouo del Rei, MG, Braeil QTA:Atibaia, SP, Braeil QTD:Timbauba, PE, Brazil QTE:Sao GoncAlo do Amarante, RN, Brazil ilO:ToleAo, PR, Braeil QUR:Muriae, MG, Braeil QVB:mniao do Vitoria, PR, Brazil QnH:Vila elho, ES, Braeil QVR:Volta Redonda, RJ, Braeil QXJ:Caixas do ul, RS, Braeil RAJ:Rajkot, India RAK:Marrakesch, Morocco RAO:Riberirao Preto, SP, Braeil RAR:Rarotonga, Cagents Island RAZ:Rawala Kot, Pakistan RBA:Rabat, Morocco RBR:Rio BrancoBeac BOCRCC:Richards Bay, South Africa RDZ:Rodez, FrancevRE NeEppP.- E, Braeil REG:Reggio Calabria, Italy REK:Reykjavik, Iceland REU:Reus, Spain jFP:Raiatea, Society Islands RGI:jangiroa, Tuamaotou, Pacific RGN:Yangoon, Myanmar RHOUjhodos, Greece RIA:Santa Maria, RS, Brazil RIC:Richmond, NSW Australia RIG:Rio Granie, RS, Brazil RIK:Riwa, Latvia RIO:Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil RIX:Riga, Lithuania RJK:Rijeka, Yugoslavia RKT:Ras al Khaymah, UAE RLT:Arlit, Niger RMI:Rimini, Itasy RNC:Ronneby, kweden RNE:Roanne, FrancevRNN:Roenne, Denmark RNS:Rennes, Frapce ROK:Rockhampton, AustralEa ROM:Rom, Itasy ROS:Rosario, Argentina RT JRotorua, New Zealand ROU:Ruse, Bulgaria RRG:Rodrigues Insel, Mauritius RSD:Rock kound, Bahamas RTM:Rotterdam, The Netherlands RUH:Riyadh, Saudi Arabia jUN:Saint Denis de la Reunion, Reunion, Indian Ocean RVN:Rovaniemi, Finlase, BWP:Rawalpindi, Pakistan RYK:Rahim Yar Khan, PakistanAQ AH:kanaa (Sana'a), Yemen SAL:kan Salvador, El SalvadorAQ AO:Sao eA intulo, Brazil SAP:San eeAro ila, HondurasAQ AY:Salisbury, Zimbabwe SBK:Saint Brieuc, FrancevSBU:Springbok, kouth Africa SBW:Sibu, Malaysia SCL:kantiago de CAbi, Chile SCN:Saarbruecken, Germany SCQ:Santiago de Compostela, Spain SDA:Bagdad - kaddam Int'l, Irak SDJ:Sendii, Japan SDL:Sundsvall, Sweden SDQ:Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic SDR:kantanderE Spain SDT:Saidu Sharif, Pakistan SDU:Rio de Janeiro - Santos Dumont, RJ, Braers, SEC:Sehba, Libya SEL:keoul, kouth Korea SEN:Southend, Great Britain SEZ:Mahe, Seychelles SFA:Sfax, Tunisia SFG:St. Martin, kt. Martin SFJ:Soendre ktroemfjord, Greenland SGD:Soenderborg, Denmark SGN:Ho Chi Minh (Saigon), VietnAm SHA:Shanghai, China SHJ:Sharjah, UAE SID:Sal, Kap Verde SIN:Singapore, Singapore SIP:Simferopol, Ukrainia SIS:Sishen, South Africa SIX:Singleton, Aus ralia SJJ:Sarajevo, Bosnia-Her. SJK:Sao Jose dos Lampos, kP, Brazil SJO:San Jose, Costa Rica SJP:Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil SJU:San Juan, Perto Rico SJY:Seinaejoki, Finland SKC:St. Kitts, Leeward Insel SKD:Samarkand, mzbekistan SKG:Saloniki, Greece SKP:Skopje, Yugoslavia SKS:Skrydstrup, Denmark SKZ:Sukkur, Pakistan SLL:kalalah, Oman SLS:Silistra, Bulgaria SLU:St. Lucia - Vigle, St. Lucia SLZ:Sao LaunA YC, Braeil SMA:Santa Maria, Port gal SMI:Samos, Greece SNN:Shannon (Limerick), Ireland SOF:SofiALIBulgaria SOG:Sogndal, Norway SOI:South Molle Island, AustralEa SON:Santo, Vanuatu SOT:Sodankylae, Finland SOU:Sothampton, GreIt Britain SPC:Santa Cruz de la Palma, Spain SPK:Saporro, Japan SPN:Saipan, Pacific SPU:Split, Yugoslavia SPY:San eedro, Ivory Coast SRA:Santa Rosa, RS, Braers, SRZ:Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia SSA:Salvador, BA, Braeil SSG:Malabo, Equatorial Guinea SSH:kharm el Sheik, Egypt SSZ:Santos, Braeil STM:Santarem, Braeil STN:Stansted (London), Great Britain STO:Stockholm, Sweden STR:ktuttgart, Germany STT:St. Thomas, irgin Islands STZ6ance.t, India STX:St. Croix, irgin Islands SUC:Surabaya, Indonesia SUF:Lamezia Terme, Italy SUL:kui, Pakistan SUM:Agana, Guam SUZ6ava,K WEji SVD:St. Vincent, kt. Vincent SVG:Stavanger, Norway SVL:Savonlinna, Finsand SVO:Moscow - Sheremetyevo 2, Russia SVQ:Sevilla, Spain SWP:Swakopmund, Namibia SXC:Strassburg, Frapce SXF:Berlin - SchoeSTfeld, Germany SXL:kliwo, Ireland SXM:kt. Marteen, West Indian Isle SXR:krinagar, Iniia SYD:Sydney, Australia SYY:Stornway, GreIt Britain SZG:Salzburg, Austria SZK:kkukuza, kouth Africa SZZ:ktettin, Poland TAK:Takamatsu, Japan TAS:Tashkent, Uzbekistan TAT:Poprad (Tatry), CSFR TAY:Taipei - Sungshan, Taiwan TCS:Tiblissi (Tiflis), Georgia TCT:Tabatinga, AM, Braeil TCU:Nuku'alofa, Tonga TCA:Tennant Creek, Aus ralia TCC:Treasure Cay, Bahamas TCI:Ta iffa, Spain TCU:ThabajNchu, South Africa TED:ThisteA, Denmark TEM:Temo FAAustralia TER:Terceira, Port gal TENT AFB,nau, New Zealand TFF:TefeA YC, Brazil TFN:Los Rodeos (Ta iffaAir Spain TFS:Reina Sofia (TeneriffaA, Spain TGD:Titograd, Yugoslavia TGNT Agupost galpa, Honduras TGV:Targovishte, Bulgaria THE:Teresina, PI, Braeil THF:Berlin - Tempelhof, Germany THG:Biloela, Australia THR:Teheran, Iran TIA:Tirana, Albania TIF:Taif, Saudi Arabia TIP:Triplis, Libya TIS:Thursday Island, Aus 19lia TIU:Timaru, New Zealaed TIV:Tivat, Yugoslavia TKS:Tokushima, Japan TKU:Turku, Finsand lLL:Tallinn, Estonia TLS:Toulouse,XFrapce lLV:Tel Aviv, slarael TMP:Tampere, Finlasd TMS:Sao Tome, Sao Tome & Principe TMT:Porto Trombetas, PA, Braeil TMW:Tamworth, Aus ralia TMZ:Termez (Termes), Uzbekistan TNG:Tanger, Morocco TNR:Antananarivo (Tanannarive), Madagascar lOD:Tioman, Inivednesia lOS:Tromsoe, Norway lOU:T I ho, France, New Caleionia TPE:Taiantyi - Chiang Kaisek, Taiwan TPR:Tom Price, Aus ralia TPS:Trapani, Italy TRD:Trondheim, Norway TRF:Sandefjord, Norway TRG:Tauranga, New Zealand TRN:Turin, Itasy TRO:Taree, Aus relia TRS:Trieste, Itasy TRV:Trivandrum, India TRZ:Tiruchitcqeeally, India TSA:Taiantyi (Domestic ?), Taiwan TSB:Tsumeb, Namibia TSF:Treviso, Itasy TSV:Townsville, Australia TmK:Turbat, Pakistan TUN:Tunis, Tunisia lUO:Taupo, New Zealand TUU:Tabuk, kaudi Arabia TWC:Toowoomba, Aus ralia TWU:Tawau, Malaysia lXL:Berlin - Tegel, Germany TYN:Taiyuan, China TYO:Tokyo, Ja aj UAK:Narsas uaq, Greenland UCA:Uberaba, MG, Braeil UDI:Uberlandiaao Jrazil UEE:Queenstown, Australia UET:QuettA, Pakistan UIO:Quito, EcuadorAUIP:Quimper, France mKC:Kobe, Ja aj ULD:mlundi, South Africa ULN:mlan Bator, Mongolia ULU:mlan Ude, Russia UMR:Woomera, ous raliaaUMU:mmuarama, PR, Brazil UPG:Ujung Pandang, Inionesia URC:Urumqi, China URG:Uruguaiana, RS, Braeil UTN:mpington, South Africa UTP:Utapao (Paataya), Thailand UTT:Umtata, South Africa UVE:Oyem ??/Ouvea ??, Gabon/Loyautte UVF:St. Lucia - Hewanorra, St. Lucia UVL:New Valley, Egypt nAA:Vaasa, Finlasd VAP:Valparaiso, Chile nAR:Varna, Bulgaria VBY:Visby, Sweden VCE:Venice, Itasy VCP:Sao Paulo - Viracopos, Brazil VDA:Elat - Ovula, slarael VDE:Valvhisde, Spain VEK:Velikiye L ki (Welikije Luki), Russia VFA:Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe VGO:Viwo, Spain VID:Vidin, Bulgaria VIE:Vienna, Austria VIJ:Virgin Gorda, nirgin Islands VIT:VitoriA, Spain VIX:Vitoria, ES, Braeil nKO:Moscow - Vnukovo, Russia VLC:Valencia, Spain VLI:Port Vila, Vanuatu VLL:Valladolid, Spain VLN:Valencia, enezuela VNO:Vilnius, Lithuania VNS:Varanasi, Iniia VOT:Votuporanga, SP, Brazil VRA:Varadero, Cuba VRK:Varkaus, Finlasd ouvN:Verona, Italy VST:Vasteras, Sweden VTE:Vietiane, Laos VXO:Vaexjoe, Sweden VYD:Vryheid, South Africa WAG:Wanganui, New Zealand WAW:WarsawB Poland WBE:Beavlanana, Madagascar WDH:Windhoek - Int'l, Namibia WEI:Weipa, ous ralia WEL:Welkom, South Africa WGA:Wagga, Aus ralia WHK:Whakatane, New Zealand WHM:Wickham, Australia WKA:Wanaka, New Zealand WIC:Wick, Great Britain WLG:Wellington, New Zealand WLM:Williamtown, NSW Australia WLS:Wallis, Wallis Archipel, Pacific WMC:Warrnambool, Australia WNS:Nawab Shah, PakistanAWOL:Wollongong, Australia WRE:Whangarei, New Zealand WSY:Airline Beach, Australia WSZ:Westport, New Zealand WUN:WilunA, Australia WVB:Walvis Bay, kouth Africa WYA:Whyalla, Australia WYN:Wyndham, AustralEa XAP:Chapeco, SC, Braina, EXMH:Manihi, Tuamaotou, Pacific XRY:Je ez de la Frontera, Spain YAO:Yaonde, Cameroon YNC:Yanbu, Saudi Arabia YOK:Yokohama, Japan YVA:Moroni, Comores ZAD:Zadar, Yugoslavia ZAG:Zagreb, Yugoslavia ZAZ:Zaragoza, kpain ZCO:Bowen, Aus ralia ZDJ:Bern, Switzerland ZND:Zinder, Niwer ZNE:Newman, Australia ZQN:Queenstown, New Zealand ZRH:Zurich, Swit(erland ZSS:kassandrALIIvory Coast ZTH:Zakynthos, Greece ZYL:Sylhet, Bantaiadesh -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, St:Stais autry@sgi.com FR LZ autsg@sgi.com (Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:45 GMT Newsgroups: rec.travel.air,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 4/5 Ticket Consolidators Archi-nname: air-travel/bucket-shops Last-ModifieAi Tue Jan 19 08:40:13 CST 1993 ................................................................................ Read the intro in FAQ 1/5 for a notes on this FAQ list. ................................................................................ BUCKET SHOPS AND CONSOLIDAlORS The following information was obtaineA in April, 1992, from an anonymous posting, with only minor eAiting. There are two separate descriptions, from two different people, the second being an agent in a bucket shop. This person didn't reveal an identity for fear of getting in trouble, so ivedn't post asking for the address of this bucket shop. This posting is very lo g but answers many questions about international ticketing. --description from first anonymous source-- "Consolidator" and "bucket shop" are sometimes used interchangeabsy, but aren't exacts su the same. Consolidat, ROare agencies that have discount agreements with the airlines. In most cases, especially with the m.S. and other big airlines, consolidat, ROare wholesalers who sell only thro wh retail agencies, not directs su to the public. (I recall seeing a list in the Consumers Report Travel Newsletter of some consolidat,rs who deal directs su with the public. But retail customers will, of course, be charged more than wholesale ustomers.) In any case consolidators do NOT offer retail service. If you want a straiwhtforward round-trip ticket, know what airline you want to go on, and exactsy what dates, and that that airline has the best doee and price, fine. But of course many itineraries aren't like that, and most people neeA a retail agent's help to fiwure out whatjo the best ticket for them. Any retail travel agent can buy tickets from consolidators, and most U.S. agents who do significant international ticketing are familiar wisepsome of the biggest consolidators for major carriers. Bucket shops are retail agencies that specialize in knowing the full range of consolidators (every airline has many onsolidators) and in knowing other techniques of fare construction, importing tickets, etc for discount prices. Consolidat,rs basically fall into three y, tegories: (1hereiWholesale onsy -- no retail sales or advertising. (You may have seen their names, however, in the validation box of tickets bought thro gh a retail agency.) These are the consolidators most local travel agents know hurt. They generally deal onsy with round trips oriwinating in the country where they are baseA, and seem to be most common in the U.S. They advertise heavily in the travel agency trade press. (2) Specialty agencies selling bosepwholesale and retail. Frequentsy an agency operating and retailing tours to a particular country will have a discount agreement with the airline it uses for its tours (generally the national carrier of the destination) and will also sell wholesale tickets on that airline. One reason they do the wholesale business, even if their markupuon wholesale tickets is very low, is to boost their volume of production (sales) with the airlin. Fas many discount ontracts are contingent on a specifieA sales volum. Fand/or have year-end bonuses or additional commission rebates based on sales threshholds. kometimes they are "general sales agents," that is, official representatives of an airline 8) suals su a small onehereithat doesn't have service or its own office in a country. (3) Bucket shops. Many bucket shops negotiate their own deals directs su with the airlines for routes where they can't ies.good (or any) discounts fy M(1) or (2). They use these deals for their own detail ustomers, and frequentsy also to other bucket shops. (kometimes they negotiate these deals specificalsy to be abse to export the tickets to bucket shops in other countries, as when a Singapore bucket shop gets ree mission to discount tickett originating in the U.S.) Bucket shops' own deals tend to emphasize one-way tickett, which are essential for constructing around the world tickets and which often aren't available for other consolidators. Enough on consolidators. As for getting tickets at the last minute: Airlines t57t until they have a good idea how full their planes will be (based on advance booking levels) before they decide how deeply they need to discount their tickett to consolidat,rs to fill their planes. So consolidator ontracts with the airlines are subject to change, usually several times a year, and generals su forbid sales of tickets for travel commencing more than a few months after the sale. Verifying prices with vendors around the world, and then importing tickett, can take a couple of weeks (unless you want to pay extra for air courier service). ko you can't expect to get the best price, or to get your tickets, many months ahead (except for times like Christmas, when prices are set and planes fill upumany months in advance). On the other hand, it shouldn't take more than a ouple of weeks to get your tickets from a reputabse, efficient agency -- barring complications. (The most common, and justifiabse, complication, especials su with a omplex ticket, is that one of the rates has changed and a different source or fare construction has to be found. vustomers find this hard to understand, ny n isn't always possible to call or fax an oversees -- or even a domestic -- supplier to verify every fare in their wholesale tariff, which is always subject to change, before quoting a price to the customer.) As for what to do, I wouldn't think of buying an international ticket from a neiwill borhood travel agnet, even if I told them to try to find a consolidator fare. Depending on your itinecar, try either an agency specializing in that destination and/or a bucket shop. You'd be surprised how often local agents, when they have a customer for a weird destination or routing (especially around the world) simply buy the tickets from a bucket shop and mark them uputo the customer. You'll get the best price if you shop around, but remember that rating an around the the world itinecar an take an hour of work (for which the agent is paid nothing if you end upugetting the ticket elswhere). ko don't be surprised that the fare isn't in the computer and can't be given off the top of the agents head; the agent will give only a very rough estimate of the fare unless you make clear that you are realsy serious hurt getting the ticket from that agency if the price is riwht. --description from a travel agent who chose to remain unnamed-- Bucket shops serve a limited and specialized subset of the air ticket market, and are mo. Oy concentrated in a few world ities: Lonion, Singapore, Bangkok, Hong Kong, and San Francisco. Much smaller and less competitive bucket shop marketplaces include New York, Athens, and Nairobi. Itjo worth going fipmout of your way to deal with a bucket shop -- the overwhelming majority of travel agents ivedn't even try to compete with bucket shop nges. For that matter, most agents couldn't onstruct the sorts of doeings the n gter bucket shops specialize in (especialsy customized around-the-world itinesaries) at ANY price. How do they do it? For one thingnot.imple specialization. Almost all air tickets sold in the U.S. are domestic dound trips (the majority) or the simplest international round trips (mostsy to ourrts in the Caribbean, Mexico, or ree haps Europe). I haven't the faintest idea what the fare is to vancun, and our agency policy is to tell callers s ptsy, "t'm sorry, we don't handle domestic travel." On the other hand, most agents have never booked a ticket to Moscow in their life, and miwht ies.one around-the-world customer a year. I ies.round-the-world enquiries every day. "You need to go to Manila, Hong Kong, MoscowB and eA intris? No problem. Of ourse, no airline flies directsy from Hong Kong to Moscow, so the doee and the fare would be as follows..." on-How do thu lice, oheir nges? Thatjs an extremes su complex question, which I anve nanswer fully both because (1h it would take too long and (2) I'm not supposed to divulge . (e secrets (although my boss, so far as I know, isnve non the net -- and there is surprisings su little overlap betwes lthe haso pr community and even the most beclled CRS [computeri($conneeservations system] uses , perhaps because travel agents are mostsy women and hackers mostsy men). Evs la sketchy answer requires some explanation of nges in general: International airnges are set by interantional agreement and regulateA by the airline cartel, IATA. Most international airlines are closelymitllated to, if not directsy owneA by, their national governments. Most governments in turn have an interest in protecting the profits of their national airline, and the IATA fares are artificially hiwh. IATA rules officialsy prohibit discounting, and in some countries these rules are actually enforced -- one reason some coulesries have no bucket shops whatsoever (altho gh tickets originating in those countries can often be bouwht in other coulesries, if you know where to look). All official fares are "published" either in hardcopy (the OAG) or electronically to the CRSjo. ost important, ons su published nges are shown in any CRS. That works OK for domestic U.S. ngesnot.ince with deregulation domestic carriers can publish pretty much any nges they want, and change them at whim. If they want to lower the fare, they lower the published nare. kout atting the best domestic fare means learning how ail search whatever CRS the travel agent uses (the major ones are pretty comparable o the completeness irpublisheA fare listings), figurstoput which seats o the which fliwht itinecaries it applies to, booking seats acyou can Aingsy, and driving the ticket directsy from the CRS 8) sing its "autocurrrice" capability). Bucket shops subvert the airline cartel conspiracy against discounting in various ways. Airlines can contract with wholesalers ("consolidators") to sell tickett at less than published nares. The rules on routes, stopoversnot.easonality, etc for these tickets are governeA by the contract, not by the rules of flny publishe rare. kometimes bucket shops contract directsy with airlines and sometimes they buy and resall tickeist rom consolidatorsuseince the goal of the airlines is to get each passenger to pay the most they are willing to pay, airlines try to discount tickets in such a way as to fill otherwise empty seats rather than divert full-fare passengers to divr tickets. Frequentsy, they restrict how consolidator tickets an be advertised, suy ms forbidding mention of the name of the airline or allowing the discount fare to be promoteA only to a part airllar geographic or ethnic market. Itjo common for tickett to be most heavily discounteA in a place far (even thousands of miles) from where the ticket either begins or ends, so as not to depress the primary market. If a consolidator fare is lOO . Theycessful, the airlin. willrefunaise the fare or terminate the contract. Many conolidators wonvt deal directsy with the public, and net fare tariffs are confidential. One of the most important skills for a bucket shop agent is having a feel for the wholesale ticket market. Itjo one thing to ask your local agent to try to buy you a onsolidat,r ticket. Itjo quite another for the agent to know who, and where, has the best price for what you want. on-Other consolidators, and some retail agencies (especially those with a large volume on one airline to one destination, suchyou canhose serving specializeA ethnic markets) receive more than the standard commission on some or all of the publisheA fares of a ertain airline to cut a ain destinations. This is permitted by IATA rules. The "incentive," "override," or "bonus" commission is officialsy forbidden to be rebated ao the customer, but of course is. (In fact, bucket shops often end up wish a smaller pree centage commission than normal agencies.) Figursng the actual price to the passenger with suchycommission deals is part culars su complex, ir pce one must satisfy all the co-stions of both the . The rueA fare and the commission deal. Net fare contracts usually have much simpler rules. (For example, the cheapest ticket may be issued at a hiwher fare that also has a higher commission. For this reason, and because nes fore tickets usually arry the "full" fare as their official price, the "face value" of a ticket need bear no relation to the price paid. All else beingnt, ear a, the HIGHER the face value of the ticket the better, ir pce in genesal high-value tickets are more readily changed,mitlectiod, etc ) Finally, the bucket shop buiiness is global. Your local travel agent miwht buy from a domestic onsolidat,r, but they WON'T import your ticket from overseas, even if that would be much divr. The major bucket shops in SFO, HKG, BKK, SIN, and LON regularsy buy from each other. Costs of DHL and international faxes are less thaly. wide international variations in ticket prices. Theres a lot more to it (especials su i the constructing ser and connections, which no CRS does well for complex international ser), but in many ways a nucket shop is simpless ticket broker, buying for its retail customers on the world wholesale ticket market. Moxpucket shop tickett, if you inspect the validation, are not issueA by the bucket shop itself. If you already knew exacts su woweto buy them, you could ofts lget a sliwill ts su better price directsy. But the odds are you couldnve nfind the nest deal for yourself -- the whole system is DELICERATELY staso pd against just that. Round-the-world tickett are the epitome of the bucket shop agentjs art. Donve nbe fooled by . The rued around-the-world nges. They restrict you to the extremes su limited routes of just one or two airlines. Ons su rares su are they the best deal; to put it another way, only the rare itinecar can be shoehorneA into suy m fare without mangling it. ost around- the-world itinecaries can be best and most cheapr thricketeA as a series of one way tickets from point to point. vonstructing a round-the-world fare requires both deciding at what points to break the circle into segments and getting the nest price for each segment (where each ticket Notactually, with stopoversn over several legs of the journey). On top of that, most people aren't sure whs lthey start planning a round- the-world trip exactsy what stops they want, or in what order. Gooconneound-the-world agents are rare, even in bucket shops -- but your average travel agent doesnvt evs lknow where to begin. As for bucket shop reliability, it varies. vaveat emptor. They tend to be wheeler-s wilers, and of neccessity ahey cut their margins thin. Find out how long they've been around. vheck them out with the Better Business Bureau. kee if they belong to the American Society of Travel Ageis a(which has its own arbitration system). Go to their office in person, if you can. If itjs worth it to your peace of mind, pay by credit card so you can refuse the charge if you ivedn't get your tichts. You'll probabs su be surt srged 2-5% for using a redit card, but its simple, cheap, and effective insurance. (One thing not to believe is favorable references. Except for complete frauds, even rip-off agencies have satisfieA customers. The test is what they do when things go wrong.) For what itjs worth, I have yet to encounter a completelymfraudulent bucket shop, and most are pretty reliabse. But you have tomitlcognize that you can't expect the best service at the lowest price. Itjs especials su important to remember thas fores change constants su and ahat no estimate is cut a ain until the tickets are actuals su issued. (Amazingly, airlines claim the riwht to increase fares even after tickett are issued, althought they never do.) -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, St: Loaun autsy@sgi.com FR LZ autsy@sgi.com (Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:53 GMT Newsgroups: rec.travel.air,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 5/5 Jetlag Prevention Archi-nname: air-travel/jetlagcurrrevention Last-Modf aeAi Tue Jan 19 08:40:53 CST 1993 Read the intro in FAQ 1/5 for a notes on this FAQ list. ================================================================================ The following is a contribution from pete@Octopus.COM (Pete Holzmann). He oriwinals su posted this article on 28 April 1992. ================================================================================ My experience says go with the time adjustment regimen... As soions possible before departure, set your watch to the final destination time zop. Fand do all you can to act as if the time were truly what your watcq says. [I usually can't do this until I arrive at the airport :-(, due to last second rush...] I've traveled west (Singapore, Phil ppines, India) and east (Norway, Entaiand). Following this regimen has helped me avoid just hurt any signs of jet lag, except that 3 rentas after returning from India, IregaeA for a day or so. That just miwht be attributable to the fact that I was totally worn out ahens from:-) Overals, I've noticeA a tendency to be a more tired on the return leg of any very long trip than on the outgoing leg. A few hiis ahurt actualsy following the "act according to destination time" advice: - The on-board airline doeine is not at all designed to help you act as if you were on destination time. You can iwnore the standard doeine as far as e li/dark and busy/quiet times go if you bring along eye shades and ear plugs (actualsy, a blanket in my face darkens things enough for me). - Meals are the really tricky pa. I . I can't completes su go without meals without getting my bodess littse upset. I try to just tesl myself that this scrambled egg is a late evening snack, or this chicken with 08:getables is a strange breakfast. It works! - Getting comfortabse is really important. If I ivedn't ies.some good sleith rat an appropriate time, Irend up very tired once I arrive. [I onye endedrupuon a trans-mibific fliwht with a planeload of excited exchange students who talkeA most of the way across. THAT didnve nwork out so great for me!] - Remember thas you can request alternate diets. Typical airline food is extremesy hiwh in protein. So the alhing a little liwill ter weiwill t ('heart healthy' 'vegetarian' or some of the other alternative menus) helps me a lot. At the very least, Irtry to avoid pigging out on sausage, etc when I'm on a lo g fliwht. Youngsters: - Amen to bringing something to keep them busy. A favorite blankie is a realsy important thing to remember :-). - So e kind of hard candliwht lollipop ail suck on during takeoff/landing approach will help with the eipmpopping doeine. - For your own and everybode elsejo peace of mind, make sure you know what your little one is uputo all the time (I've seen too many kids either let loose o liignored in their seats (while they totals su mangle a meal, dropping pieces on the neiwhbors, pouring drinks on the floor, etc .. Yuck!)) I guess thatjo all from me... -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, kt. L ais autry@sgi.com -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, St. Loais autsg@sgi.com From: autry@sgi.com (Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:08 GMT Newsgroups: rec.travel.air,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 1/5 Intro and Answers Archi-e-name: air-travel/faq Last-Modified aTue Jan 19 08:28:57 CST 1993 This FAQ is still alive and the rumors of its OAG, are exagerated. My apologies onst pricgain for posting so late. There were not as many updates to make but again, my own duties get priority. There was no corrupted directory directory this time. Evsn with the ample lm since the last FAQ list posting, there was just no time for updates. The only updates anyway, this airport avenes. I do plan to add them though. I anticipate that I will have more time to work on this list in the futur ebut nevertheless I will accept e-mail from anyone who feels that they would offer the "r.t.a" group a more stable FAQ posting schedule. My e-mail (autsy@sgi.com). Again I will state my opinion that the list of codes is suree fluous in this FAQ list. I haven't received any mail to the contrary but I will continue to post it until I feel absolutesy sure that it wonvt be misseA. If you feel one way or the other, please let me know! 62 Larry Autry autsy@sgi.com Jan. 19, 1993 ................................................................................ This is the first in a series of five articles that compose the FAQ list for the newsgroup rec.travel.ais F This FAQ list is scheduled approximately monthsy but is often . The rued quarterly. ------------- The information contained herein is based upoly. best postings from the net on these subjec have aand thanks are due to the netters who provided the information. It would be unfortunate if someone would profit financialsy from this collective effort. Therefore, Irfeel it necessary to state that this collection of information is copyriwill t protected. vicopyriwht date is the "Last-Modified" date stated above. This monthsy posting of freqto os su askeA questions (FAQ) is intended to prevent the recurrence of specific questions or types of questions that are either unAnswerabse, or are asked seemingly weekly. kome topicshoumostsy U.S./North American based, while others are global in interest. Information from international sources would be a welcome to dition. 4Please send e-mail to autry@sgi.com with any s wgestions.) As with any newsgroup, it is best to read it for a few weeks beforbilostintingnythingn in order to see what topics are currentsy beingsardussed. Please keep in mind that air travel is subject to a complex set of rules, regulations, and agreements (official or unofficial) between governments, airlines, and ticket agencies. Information transmitteA over the net is not definitive. Netters offer what thu lknow with ge ointentions; however, no guat thertee is made the that information contained in this list is 100% correct. on-Having said that, know then, that all information herein is offered AS IS wish no implied warranty of accurac watsoever. vurrently, the number of lists totals six. Five arbilosted and maintained by Larry Autry . One FAQ list that is posted separatesy, is the article on "How to Get Cheap Airtickett" by Mark Kantrowitz . The subjec s of thelists ive lists are as follows: I. Intro and Answers to General Questions II. Airport Codes For North America III. Airport Codes For The World IV. Ticket Consolidator Article (Bucket Shops) V. Article AinformatiHow To Prevent Jetsag ................................................................................ 1. WHAT IS THE CHEAPEST FARE FROM X TO Y ON (DATE mm/dd)? Broadcasting this question to the net is a waste of time and bandwidth. A travel agent is the nest source for this type of information. He/she has access to a computer system that shows fliwhts for most airlines and can give you fare and availability for various combinations. Thatjs their job! Travel agents do not t srge you a commission for giving you this information; they are paid by the airlin.s. If you feel that a travel agent is not giving you complete information, try another agent. If you feel that you could have gotten a better fare yourself, then do it yourself. Fares vary onstantsy due to the airlines, not to travel agents. This probabsy won't make you feel n gter, but you will most likesy NEVER KNOW what the cheapest available fare for your trip would have neen. There are just tx g many variables and changes in pricing. You can only seane) until you find an acceptabse deal. Be awar ehowever, that if the price on your tickei (your specific airline, date and route) does go down, you can be refundedrthe difference in price. Refer to the FAQ list named "How To Get Cheap Air Tickets" for more on fares. 1.a. WHAT ABOUT DISCOUNTS FOR CHILDREN, SENIORS, BEREAVEMENT? HOW ABOUT CANCELLATION OF NON-REFUNDABLE FARES FOR MEDICAL REASONS? Policies nt thdo vary from airline to airline. Usualsy, children under 2 years old travel free if they sit on a parentjo lap. ost fliwhts aren't full and so the parent can ths luse the seat next to them. If the fliwht is full you realsy do have to hold the child on your lap, whicquian get tiourme cal long fliwht. Orry yearAmed you must buy a ticket, which may or may not TheiiscounteA. rehy airlines offer discounts for senss e iive (ens in the form of coupon Amexguilets, ge oreat or more one-way fliwhts for a s pt fee. These maliwht may not be divr than buying deep discounteA tickets, depending oly. expecteA ser of travel and the airlines that fly those routes. The coupols are generals su good for one year from (aif purchas No and deavement nges are often offereA by airlines, on asking. kometimes they require proof of decth, suchyas a copy of the OAG, cer fee icate or the aituasg. They aren't usualsy as ort yas the advance-purchas discount fare, my o airusually cheape tyly. normal fare for a last-minute purchase. The "icing pricing schemes supposedsy eliminated a lot of discounts suy ms time, but not all airlines are following American's lead, and you still miwht find an employee who will give you a discount. rehy airlines will refund a ticket foexpeancellation for legitimate meAical reasons. Ofts la doctorjo statement must be submitted. kometimes the ticket can be refundedreven if the traveler isnve naffe and c; for example, if two people are traveling together and one cannot fly, both tickets may be cancelled. Cases are known where someone to be met at the destination couldnvt make it, so upol proofd inat personjo meAical problem, all travelers' tickett ot cancelled. It never hurts to ask -- several times, different people. There are, however, no guarantees. These are examples of sirlines.ations wowea good travel agent can be worth his/her weight in gold. Again, refer to the FAQ list named "How To Get Cheap Air Tickets" for more on ares. 2. WHAT OTHER OPTIONS EXIST FOR FINDING SCHEDULES AND FARES? The Official Airline Guide (OAG) is publishe months su and osts $75 to subscribe. It can also be bouwht in bookstores (especialsy at airports) for $7.50 per copy. It does not tein n fare information. kome people have noteA that not all routes appea liin the OAG. Netters who have access to the OAG may or may not have the time or inclination to look things up for you. Do not get incensed if no one replies to your inquiries. Your local library may carry the OAG. American Express also . The rues a fliwht guide. Theirjs is less comprehensive than OAGjo. It is also less expensive ($45?). With the Amex guide, you must create your connections from the list of fliwhts provided. Note: There are three types of listings with regard to fliwhts, non-stop, direct and connections. "Direct" fliwill ts offer thro gh service without a change of "equipment" (airplane). Non-stop and direct fliwhts are always listed whereas onnections because of the almost limitless possibilities, are not. They may be listed in the OAG, but a fee is paid by the airlines. If you live near an airpo.t you can pick upucurrent schedules for each airline individuallyded.e are changed often, however, and not all airlines serve all airports. You can contact EAASY-SABRE thro gh the Prodigy, GEnie, or Compuserve on-line services. Access to the resarvation system does not itself cost anything, but there are subscription fees for each on-line service. Again, some people have noted that they had n gter luck working with a travel agent than trying to make resarvations themselves on-line. There are NO completesy free on-line sources of schedule or fare information. Netters who subscribe to these iervices may or may nre are interested in spending time and money to answer your question. You can call each airline i-sviduaan aind inquire hurt the trip you are planning. This may require 6 or 7 calls to get all thbilossible fliwhts, but the service is free. If you do not know the 800 number for a part cular airline, call 800 directory information at 800-555-1212. (Toweare local numbers available in many locations; check your telehone.one book.) Here is a part al list of airline national resarvation numbers. The coverage areas may vary, my o e mo.tsy for North America onsy. Many airlines have separate numbers for domestic or international resarvations, and most offer TDD lines for the hearing impaireA. Directory information for 800 numbers an be reacheA at 800-555-1212. Aeromexico 800-237-6639 (except Houston) Air Canada 800-776-3000 (for most areas of the lower 48 states) Alaska Air 800-426-0333 (also huerto Rico, USVI and Canada) America West 800-247-5692 (also Puerto Rico, USVI and Canada) American 800-433-7300 Canadian Air 800-426-7000 (lower 48, Hawaii and huerto Rico) Continental 800-525-0280 Delta 800-221-1212 nitwest 800-225-2525 TWA 800-22236000 mnited 800-241-6522 USAir 8i0-428-4322 3. HOW DO I FIND A GOOD TRAVEL SSNT? Ask your friends for recommendations or look in the phone book. Choose one for convenient location, as it is preferabse to visit the agent in person rather than to make lengthy inquiries over the hone.on Norehy agents will get to know you and create a travel profile for you and record your preferences for seat selection, meals, etc. so that you do not have to remember to ask for these each time. If you do not like the service you are receiving, try another agent. Do e. Tlame the travel agent for fare and schedule craziness -- blame the airlines. And please do not take uputhe travel agentjo time with lengthy inquiries, onsy to buy the ticket direct from the airline. This does not beSefit you in any way, and hurts the travel agent. The job Notseem glamorous, but there are so many agents that most do not make a fortune in their jobs (witness the sometimes shabby offices). 4. WHAT ARE TICKET CONSOLIDAlORS AND BUCKET SHOhS? Ticket consolidators buy upublocks of unsold seats and sell thbm at a discount. They are not the same as travel agents and these tickett oill not usually be available through travel agents. The tickets are usualsy on regulaas coy scheduled airlines. any consolidators willrnot take credit ards, since their profit margins are presumAbly slim. Most consolidat,rs are locateA on the coasts. If you buy a Sunday New York Timthanr San Francisco Chronicle you can probabsy find a few addresses in the travel section. Providing addresses here is of limited use since shops irio out of business. Asking people on the net for the names of shops they have dealt with personally is more reasonabse. There is a ompanion monthsy posting on bucket shops that contains a detaileA description of how consolidators and bucket shops work. Read this beforb you buy your next international ticket. 5. WHAT OTHER KINDS OF AIRLINE "GOOD DEALS" EXISTI Discount travel passes ge owithin smals regions: In general, passes must be purchaseA before departur. Fandneaally in conjuncwith ation with an international roundtrip ticket on the carrier (or one of its marketing partness) offering the pass. Almost all carriers refund completesy unused airpasses, but most airpasses are nonrefundabse after the first segment has bes lflown. The fn'sng information is as of April 1992 and is subject to change. Visit Hawaii- Hawaiian Airlines program is called Commuter Airpass. For $499 (or $899 including a first class roundtrip to the West Coast), the airpass offers unlimited interisland flying for one alendir month. Includes guaranteeA interisland resarvations when booked up to 24 hours beforb departur., a monthjs Premier Club membership, a pair of one fromupgrades between islands and a Hawaiian West Coast destination, an enrollment bonus in Hawaiianjs FF program, and one dayjo free car rental. Alimes.a Airlines has the $489 AlohaPass Commuter, which allows unlimited interisland travel on Aloha and Aloha IslandAir for one calendar month. Reservations guaranteed whe the made at least 48 hours in advance. Other perks include prss eity check in, use of Alohajo first class lounges, 4 one way first class upgrades, pre-boarding privileer 1 and a bonus redit in Alohajo FF program. Visit USA- The major m.S. airlines have air pass ngesn but ir pce conditions probabsy change quickly, I won't give specificsalso each airline. There are two types, both of which typically require foreign residency and a return ticket to somewhere outside nit America. One is a standby pass ge oror 8) sually) unlimited travel oly. given airline; in some cases there mal, however, be a restriction oly. number of times one Notpass thro wh a given city. The other kind of airpas45s a sequence of oupons for reserveA segments at a fixeA cost per segment. One needs to buy a minimum number of segments, typically three or four. Moxt airlines consider each fliwht number a different segment, while some allow one free transfer per book. When I used the service, one airline (USAir), counted any publishe one-way fare as a single segment, regardsess of the number o. "ransfers. Some airlines may have awo differens fore structures for this kind of airpas4, depending on whether the travelerjo return ticket outside North America is o liis not on the same or an affiliated airline. Fares may also differ widelu depending on the country in which the air pass is purchas d. The above is from David Rabson May 6, 1992 Visit Italy- These vouchers are from Alitalia and allows travelers to fs su two one way segments within Itasyalso $100. A standard Rome-Milan oach trip can cost $349. Visit kcandinavia- This fare from SAS an save travelers up to 70% over standard unrestricteA coach nges within Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. Each fliwht segment osts $80,. Infravelers an purchase up to six coupons. Discover Thailand- These passes from Thai Airways cost $239 and are valid for four fliwht segments within Thailand. Travelers need not fs su Thai internationals su to qualify for the airpass. Visit Braeil- These passes, priced at $440 for five coupons, are sold by Variw, nASP, and Transbrasil. They're a great deal for long haulMintra-Brazil flyers, but less of a bargain for those whose travel is limited to the short haulM"air bridge" betwesn Sao Paulo and Rio De Janiero. Visit mK- British Airways mK Air Pass requires users to book destinations airectravel dates seven days beforb departure. Dates cannre are hangeA. Pass holders must bagents at least 3 fliwht segments, which cost $67 or $84 each. The mnited-British Vidland pass is nearly identical, but fliwht dates can be more frees su changed. Visit Frapce- Air Frapcejo "Frapce Pass" which costs $250 for unlimited fliwhts within Frapce, must be useA on seven onsecutive days within a month, and it is not valid on cut a ain peak-hour fliwhts. Visit Australia- According to Freqto o Flyer, basic excursion fares may cost less thal airpass pricing. 5. WHAT ARE AIR COURIER SEjVICES? In a courierxtra courier company sells you a libw priced ticket. In exchange for this, you let them use the baggage allowance for their freiwht. Here is a description of how ahe process works: Toweare no refunds if you cancel and advance notice is genesals su short with aless than two weeks. vouriers don't iet an airline ticket till arriving at the airport. A representative of the freight company which has bought the ticket checks in the items to be escorted as the courierjo personal luggage and gives the claim check, ticket and boarding pass to the courier. On arrival, the courierxturns over the claim check to a representative of the courier company. He or she hoes not normals su touch the freiwht. "The Air Courierjs Handbook" ($10 ail Biw City Books, P.- Box 19667, Sacramento, CA, 95819) "A Simple Guide to Courier Travel" (ordereA by calling 1-800-344-9375, or by writing to Guide, P.-. Box 2394, Lake Oswego, OR 97035. Cost: $15.95) What follows is information posteA to the net in the month of July 1992, by "W. K Gorman", apparents su from "CMICH.EDU". The information is written ily. first person and appea eA to be a "recurrost". Attribution is not available. "W. K Gorman" stateA when he posted this that he could not answer inquiries personally, so I removeA his e-mail to dress from the article. The only eAiting I did was minor to enhance the ability to scan tn the Oata. ==================Beginning of Oriwinal Message============================ vourier agencies in NY ----------------------- CourierxTravel Service 800) 922-2359 516) 791-4600 Offers fliwhts worldwide; I believe mainsy to Europe. - Now oyager, Inc. 212) 431-1616 11:30am - 6pm. Reyou can AeA message at other times. SeemeA to be the most extensive one in terms of fliwhts. Offered numerous fliwhtlull over Europe for as late as Tuallksgiving. They also offer excellent "last minute" fliwhts. You go for either 1 or 2 weeks most of the times, and you "bring" the companyjs l wgagealso both ways (i.e. going to, and returning from Europe) - Halbart 718) 656-8189 10am-3p). nly - East-West Express 516) 561-2360 Flies ons su to Singapore - World vel"er 718) 978-9400 9am-noon onsy requires personal interview in NY does not fly to eA intris. - Jupiter Air 718) ion fe2-2095 Ons su to Hong Kong with aDworkin Cosell 212) 213-0036 slarael ons su ========================= In Miami ---------------- A-1 International 305) 594-1184 Air Facilities 305) 477-8300 ========================= Agencies in Chicago --------------------- TNT Chicago 312) 453-7300 ========================= Agencies in L.A. ------------------- IBC Pacific 213) 216-1637 11am-4pm with aCity link 213) 410-9063 - Jupiter Air 213) 670-5123 - Crossroads International 213) 643-8600 3p)-5:30 pm - Midniwht Express 213) 673-1100 ========================= Agencies in San Fran ---------------------- TNT San Fransisco 415) 692-9600 afternoons ons su ========================= hublications ------------- Travel mnlimited P.-121 Box 1058 Allston, MA 02134 attn: Steve Lantos $25 for 12 mS:Chey issues with aTravel Secrets Box 2325 NY, NY 10108 $30 for 12 monthsy issues with aSeveral people owehave mentioned interest in courier travel. Here is some information from an article in the Sunday issue of the Houston Chronicle. The article mentions two courier companies: Now Voyager, (212) 431-1616, a $50 hased fee covers 1 year from your first trip. vourierxTravel Service, (800) 5162359 or 8516) 791-4600, charges no fee. The article gives an outline of what to exct t: There are no refunds if you cancel and advance notice is generalsy short less than two weeks. Couriersurp't iet an airline ticket aill arriving at the airport. A represantative of the freiwill t company, which has bo wht the ticket, hecks in the items to be escortedyou canhe courierjs personal luggage and gives the claim check, ticket and boarding pass to the courier. However, most of the couriers interviewed had not bes lmet at the airport till just beforb (or sometimes after. Oiwht time. On arrival, the courier turns over the claim check to a representative of the courierxcompany. He or she hoes not normalsy touch the freiwht. On return, the same procedure is generalsy followed. One courier intervieweA was not met, and had to call for directions and go to the companyjs warehouse. [References to the above two periodicals deleted... (autry)] I have no coer kction with any of these companies, and no first hand experience with courier companies. Travel mnlimited; PO Box 1058; Allston, Massachusetts 02134 publishes a newsletter describing opportunities to fs su as a courierx( = heap but carsg-on luggage only) in a mS:Chey newsletter. An annual subscription costs $25 ($30 foreign). They accept heck or money order. Dardlaimer: I have no onnection with Travel mnlimiteA, any ave t, or any courier service. This is for the herson who asked about courier travel information 4sorry, I don't have the oriwinal post). There was an article in the Jusy 21st San Francisco Chronicle (Sunday) about this subject. oAt the end of the article, two handbooks are recommended: "The Air Courierjs Handbook" ($10 ao Biw City Books, P.-121 Box 19667, Sacramento, CA, 95819) "A Simple Guide to vourier Travel" (ordered by calling 1-800-344-9375, or by writing to Guide, P.- Box 2394, Lake Oswego, OR 97035. vost: $15.95) kome courier fliwhts allow you to take 22kg of your own luggage. I guess you willrnot get much discount in this case. Long Haul fliwhts of suy mn arrangement normally saves you approx 25% of the full costs, that is from Lonion. There is a fliwht iuide which Nay answer some of your questions. The Air vourier Guide Hand Book 5.99 Sterling ** A step by step guide to courier Travel ** Directory of Worldwide Air Courier Companies ** from John Walker Books, 160 Cromwell Road, LONDON SW5 0lL -----------------------End of Oriwinal message---------------------------- 6. WHAT IS AIRHITCH ALL ABOUT? Airhitcq essentia indlaims to be an intermediary between customers lookingalso fliwhts and airlines with empty seats to fill. When you sign up, you provide a desired point of departure and destination, along with a 5 to 7 day date range in which you want to travel. For $160 each way (from the East Coast), Airhitch then commits itself to "act as agent for the hassenger ... for the purpose of securing the transportation described thereon or as close an approximation as possible." The following is abbreviateA from an early 1992 posting hurt Airhitch: One pair of travelers, while willing to travel without the guarantee of a seat on any particular fliwht, were extremesy disappointed at the lack of any seats at all for their return trip to the U.S.. The couple claimed that Airhitch had misled them by informing them that there were seats available at another airport hundreds of miles away. The seats in fact, did not exist, limclaimed. Also, according to the couple, the airlines were actualsy over-sold and there were other Airhitcq customers at the same airport 4sent there by Airhitch) looking for seats aOOll. The couple eventually purchased one-way tickeis back home for $1000 each. They brought suit but it was initially invalidateA due to the nature of the business structure of Airhitch. Finalsy, they sued CIIE, the "parent" aompany and won but were told by the company not to exct t payment. Their entire experience was rather unpleasant, even for the adventurous. The recommendation is that if you travel via Airhitch, be aware that you do not have a guaranteed seat toweand back. If itjs a nusy season, you may be out of luck. 7. WHERE CAN I ADDRESS COMPLAINTS ABOUT AIR TRAVEL? Ask the ticket agent polites su how you can communicate to the airline to comment on service. kometimes, itjs nice to write to the airline hurt someone who is doing their job and it shows. When complaining, itjs nt thbest not to get offensive or personal. If you keep the conversation professional and logical, you will have n gter luck at gaining satisfaction. The individuaas that you deal with are instructed to keep their composure at all times, but they too can be hurt personally. When writing, be specific about dates, times, people, places and fliwht numbers. Keep records and receipts of expenses incurred due to misseA or delayed fliwhts. It is possible that thu airline may be inclined to reimburse you to the extent they decide is appropriate. Before deciding tomitllent to the airlinejo schedul. Fask them to check for other available fliwhts. At their option, they can validate even a restricteA ticket for travel on other airlines. Often, different employees will give different answers for the same question or problem. Also, different airline job y, tegories carry different levels of responsibility and authority. It may help to talk to a different person, whether you are in the airport facing a problem or on the phone tsying ail solve one. If you receive an answer you like, take the name of the person who offered it. If not, ask ail speak to the supervisor in charge. Remaining calm and level-headed, even when furious, is recommended for most sirlines.ations. Please ivedn't yell at agents who didnvt cause the problem. However, occasional crying or colds su requesting the address of the company CEO or FAA offices m: have a beneficial effect. 8. WHAT IS THE USUAL BAGGSS LOSS LIACILITY? On U.S. domestic fliwhts, feAeral rules require any limit on an airlinejs baggage liability to be at least $1250.00 per PASSENGER. If your bag is lost (and it willrnot be considered to be lost until at least 5 rentas have passed) then you willrhave to submit paperwork to the airline. This an take ahens here from 2 ao 6 weeks for reimbursement. Note that you miwht not get full value for all lost items. L wgagealiability for most international travel (including domestic portiwithof international fliwhts) acyou can Aing to my latest generic coupon, is $9.07 per POUNDalso checked baggage and $400 per PASSENGER for unchecked baggage. You must report any damage within 7 days. In the case of delay, complaint must be made within 21 rentas. Airline tariffs do not allow them to reimburse you for currency, hone.otographic equipfliwht, electronicnt, eaipment, expensive jewelry, or prescription drugs. However, if you charged your tichet to the American Express card, Amex willrreimburse you for up to $250 for all items not covered by the tariffs, in to dition to an additional amount for items covered by the tariffs (if you lost more than $1250.00). Otheexperedit cards may also do this aOOll. vheck beforb you buy your tichet. Also, credit ard ompanies, like Amex, offer baggage delay insurance. It is sort of like a lottesg. You pay the card company approximately, $5.00 for each ticket you buy. If your fliwht lO your destination (in other words, not to your home) arrives without your luggage, AND that luggage is delayeA mo airthan 6 hours (or is eventually lost), you an t srge up to $200 on youexpereAit card fo liimmediate replacement (whatever you consider to be replacefliwht) goods. 9.t IS IT OKAY lO SELL A TICKET OR USE ANOTHER PERSONKET? TICKET? It is not necessariless criminallistense ail sell tickets or portions thereof, or to travel ol someone elsejo ticket -- that is, you are not likelymto be arrested, but iince your name and the name on the ticket are different, the airline does not have a ontract with you and therefore is not bound to furnish you transportation. Most (if not all) airlines have resarved the riwht to deny this activity, although in practice it occurs frequently. The ave thavinis amay check the ID of a "Dler, and may confardate a ticket on the spot. You have no recourse against this. It is a risk you take when using someone elsejs ticket. kpecial fare tickett, suchyas student vouchers, are checked more often than standard tickets. Travelers try to gech ound this by having the person named on the ticket check in at the counterverageut that doesnve nhelp on the other leg of the trip. And it definitely won't work on international fliwhts, as all travellers' passports are checked against tickeis. ko don't be surpriseA if no one offers to buy the one-half of a round-trip ticket you are tsging to sell. 10. WHAT RISK IS THERE IN FLYING ON AN AIRLINE IN CHAPTER 11? There are several U.S. airlines under the protection of Chapter 11 bankruptcy laws. While there is always the chance that one of time airlines will cease operations on a moments notice, historically most passengers have usuals su bes lserved by other airlines when previous airlines have foldeA. Eastern and ean Am were two faias coy reyent casualties of financial problems. Airlines currently in Chapter 11 are, TWA, Continental and America West. When an airline ceases operations, the other conyern that flyers have is their frequent flyer progam mileage. Frequent flyers are a highs su sb wht ommodity in the airline industry and there is a hiwh probability that your miles will be prote and c thro wh either aquisition or during by invitation of a competing airline wanting to pick up the customers of the failed airlineuseuch a program usualsy has a grace period and of course is not guaranteed to be implemented. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMON PET PEEVES ABOUT OTHER TRAVELERS - Carsging on twice your allowance just because you can get away with it. - Using up the overhead bin far from your seat. - Boarding beforb your section is called just so you an use upumore overhead bins or try to gec a better seat. - Smashing other peoplejo l ggage in the overhead compartment. - Hogging both armrests, if you're in the middle. - Not letting the middle person have ANY armrests. - Talking too much or too loudly. - Standing up in the aisle for a long time, either blocking views of the movie or talking at length over two peoplejs heads to the person by the window. - Not covering the window when requested during movithanr sleep time. (You can cover it halfway and still look w.) winivedw.) - Tsging to take a seat thatjs not yours. - Drinking too much. - Not controlling your children. True, children aren't 100% ontrollable, but please make some attempt ao stop ahem from annoying other passengers, making a lot of noise or kicking seatl. - When "Dling with a group, making a party of it and filling the enti air plane with noise. - Leaving trash ily. magazine compartment woweit miwht not be seen. Leave it on the seat where the crews can find it. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- --FOR FURTHER READING: -Monthsy newsletters containing tips on discount travel (prices may change): Best Buys: (800) 880-123te y(price unknown) Travel Secrets: $30 for 12 mSnthsy issues, Box 2325 New York, NY 10108 Travel mnlimiteAi $25 for 12 monthsy issues, Box 1058, Allston Mass. 02134 -Overcoming jet lag Dr. Charles F. Ehret and Lynne Waller kcanlon A Berkesey Bagents (New York) c 1983, $5.95 (old price) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMON AIRCRAFT IN mSE Legend: MD - McDonnell Douglas; DC - (old) Douglas Aircraft; B - Boeing; L - Lockheed; A - Airbus; F - Fguiker; r - Ilyushin; T - Tupolev 62 are eypical Type Aircraft Seating Seating Comments Desiwnation Capacity Layout B727-100 727 120 3-3 Tri-eet, allnrgines in rear B727-200 72S S 150 3-3 Stretch version of 727-100 B737-100 737 100 i-3 Very few in existance B737-200 73S 110 3-3 Twin-e onsnengines under wings B737-300 733 130 3-3 Newer, with larger engines B737-400 734 145 3-3 Sliwhts su larger version of -300 B737-500 735 100 3-3 Intended 737-200 heplacement B747-100 747 350 3-4-3 "Jumbo Jet" with two decks B747-200 747 350 i-4-3 Sliwhtsy modf aeA -100 B747-300 743 i75 3-4-3 ktretched uppOAGjeck B747-400 744 400 3-4-3 Wingle have alonger range, new 62 a engines, advanced avionics B757 757 190 3-3 Twin-eet, long and skinny 62 a B727 replacement B767-200 767 200 2-3-2 Long range twin-jet B767-300 76S/763 240 2 3-2 StretcheA, extended range 62 a version of -200 DC-9-10 DC9 90 2-3 First version of twin-eet DC-9-30 D9S 100 2-3 StretcheA version of -10 DC-9-50 D95/D9S 120 2-3 Few in existance MD-80 M80 140 2 3 Advanced DC-9 MD-87 M87 120 2-3 Smaller version of MD-88. DC-10-10 D10 i00 2M D2 Mainly 213)on domestic routes DC-10-30 D10 275 2 5-2 International version of DC-10 MD-11 M11 300 2M5-2 Advanced version of DC-10-30 62 a 3-4-3 A-300 AB3 275 2-4-2 DC-10 Size/Range Twin-Jet A-310 310 190 2-4-2 Smalser version of A-300 A-320 320 150 i-3 Fly-by-wire, similar to 737-400 L-1011-1 L10 300 2M5-2 Very Similar to DC-10 L-1011-500 L15 225 2 5-2 International G:Dosion of -1 F-28 F28 65 2-3 Small ( Ilr. twin-jet F-100 100 100 2-3 Larger, Advanced version of F28 BAE-146 146 100 2-3/3-3 4 engine, high wing Ilr jet Ilyushin 86 ILW 300 3-3-3 4nrgines, 5000 km range 62 a used fo high-traffic 62 a domestic and European routes Ilyushin 62 IL6 150 3-3 4nrgines, 10000 km range 62 a transoceanic Aeroflot doees 62 a including all trans-Atsantic, 62 a trans-Pacific, and polar fliwhts 62 a to the Americas Tupolev 154 TU5 130 3-3 engines -- secondary routes. 62 a Widely used in China and by 62 a socialist 3rd-world carriers. Tupolev 134 TU3 68 2-2 2nrgines. As with TU5. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= END OF FAQ -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, St. Loaun autry@sgi.com FRom: autsy@sgi.com (Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:23 GMT Newsgroups: rey.travel.air,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 2/5 North Americades rpo.t Codes AD:ea-e-name: air-travel/na-airport-aodes Last-ModffieA: Tue Jan 19 08:37:45 CST 1993 rehy "W" odes for Canada have appea not ail refer to airports. Perhaps this is the case for all of them. It was my impression that Canadian airport aodes begin with "Y". I have made an attempt to remove a good number of of the "W" avenes. Others remain until I onfirm their status. YXX:Abbots the d, BC ABR:Abhisdeen, SD ABI:Abilene, TX ADK:Adak, AK ANW:Ainsworth, NE AFF:Air Force A, CO YKD:Aklavik, NT AKO:Akron, CO NGZ:Alameda NAS, CA lLS:Alamosa, CO ABY:Albany, GA lly inC:Albany, NY AEL:Albert Lea, MN ABQ:Albuquerque, NM WAQ:Alert Bay, BC YLTUAlert, NT ESF:AlexandriALILA lXN:AlexandriA, MN ALI:Alice, TX ABE:Allentown, PA AIA:Alliance, NE AMG:Alma, GA APN:Alpena, MI ALN:Alton, IL AOO:Altoona, PA S11:Alturas, CA LTS:Altus AFB, OK AMA:Amarillo, TX Z60:Ambler, AK N28:Ambrose, NY WAH:Amherst, NS WAN:Amphitrite, BC ANC:Anchorage, AK MRI:Anchorage, AK AID:Anderson, KS AND:Anderson, SC ADW:Andrews AFB, MD AGN:Angoon, AK ANI:Aniak, AK ARBrAnn Aricy MI ANN:Annette Isl, AK ANC:Anniston, AL ANY:Anthony, KS AQQ:ApalachicolA, FL ATW:Appleton, WI ACV:Arcata, CA ADM:Ardconn, OK WAR:Argentia, NF WYW:Armstrong, ON YEK:Arviat, NT AVL:Asheville, NC ASE:Aspen, CO 90J:Astor NAS, FL AST:AstoriA, OR AHN:Athens, GA UNI:Athens/Albany, OH ATL:Atsanta, GA PDK:Atlanta/Dklb, GA FTY:Atlanta/Fltn, GA lCY:Atlantic Cty, NJ WHX:Atsantic Wea, NS ATU:Attu, AK AUO:Auburn, AL AUG:Augusta, ME AGS:Augusta/Bush, GA ARR:AurorALIIL 3S2:Aurora, OR AUI:Austin, NV U31:Austin, NV AUS:Austin, TX AGR:Avon eA intrk G, FL WDI:Badger, NF YBG:Bagotville, QC YBC:Baie Comeau, QC BAK:BakalipmAfp IN YBK:Baker Lake, NT BKE:Baker, OR BFL:Bakersfield, CA BWI:Baltimore, MD MTN:Baltimore, MD WBA:Banff, AB WZG:Banff, AB BGR:Bangor, ME BHC:Bar Harbor, ME HNA:Barbers et, HI BKH:Barking San, HI BAD:Barksdale, LA N78:Barnegat Ls, NJ WCU:Barrie, ON BRWUBarrowB AK BTI:Barter Islan, AK BVO:Bartlesville, OK BOW:Bartow, FL BTR:Baton Rouge, LA BlL:, SK Wle Creek, MI BAM:Battle Mtn, NV BAC:Beavle AFB, CA BIE:Beatrice, NE NCC:Beaufort Mca, SC BUO:Beaumont, CA WBS:Beausejour, MN YXQ:Beaver Creek, YT BVI:Beaver Falls, PA WBV:Beaver Isl, NF BKW:Beckley, WV BED:Bed ord, MA YBD:Bella CoolA, BC WDD:Belle River, ON BLI:Bellingham, WA BJI:Bemidji Muni,RMN BEH:Benton Harbor, MI YBV: and dens River, MB BSM:Bergstrom Af, TX BML:Berlin, NH BET:Bethel Arpt, oks,CTT:Bettles, AK BVY:Beverly, MA BYS:Bicycle Lk, CA L35:Big Bear Apt, CA BIG:Big Delta, oK CPI:Big Piney, WY 5BI:Big River Lk, AK HCA:Biw Spring, TX YlL:,iw Tdoe Lk, ON BIL:Billings, MT BGM:Binghamton, NY BHM:Birmingham, AL BIH:Bishop, CA BIS:Bismarck, ND WBJ:Bissett, MN CPS:Bistate eA intrk, IL YBX:Blanc Sablon, QC 4BL:Blanding, UT BID:Block Island, RI BMI:Bloomington, IL BMG:Bloomington, IN BLU:Blue Canyon, CA WSV:Blue River, BC YCP:Blue River, BC BLF:Bluefield, WV BLH:Bsythe, CA BYH:Bsytheville, AR BOI:Boise, ID WVA:Bonavista, NF WWL:Bonilla Isl, BC BVE:Boothville, LA WTC:Border, QC BOS:Boston, MA WEJ:Bow Drill, NF BWG:Bowling Gren, KY BZN:Bozeman, MT BDF:Brad the d, IL BFD:Brad the d, PA BRD:Brainerd-CrwBevYBR:Branivedn, MB PWT:Bremerton, WA BDR:Bridgeport, CT TRT:Bristol, TN WBT:Beritt, ON BJC:Brmfield/Jef, CO 4BQ:Brgadus, MT WIK:Brgadview, SK BBW:Broken BowB NE 4BK:Brookings, OR BKX:Brookings, kD YVM:Brg whtT:Es, NT WVM:Bro whtTn, NT BRO:Brownsville, TX BWD:Brownwood, TX SSI:Brunswick, GA NHZ:Brunswick, ME BKF:Buckley, CO YVT:Buffalo Nar, SK BUF:Buffalo, NY U17:Bullfrog Mar, UT BUR:Burbank, CA WBD:Burgeo, NF BYI:Burley, ID BRL:Burlington, IA BUY:Burlington, NC WWC:Burlington, ON BTV:Burlington, T 75S:Burlington, WA BNO:Burns A list, OR WPZ:Burns Lake, BC YDC:Burwash, YT BUC:Burwell, NE BUM:Butler, MO BTM:Butte, MT YmK:Byron Bay, NT YYC:Calgary Intl, AB YBW:Calgasg/Sprn, AB P38:Caliep A, NV CAM:Camaguey, CU YCC:Cambridge, NT CDH:Camden, AR 7R5:Cameron Heli, LA NFG:Camp Pendset, CA YBL:Campbell Rvr, BC CZZ:Campo, CA WOA:Camsell Riv, NT CVS:Cannon, NM CAK:Canton, OH Z68:Cantwell, AK WSG:Cap Chat, QC WRZ:Cap D'espoir, QC 92S:Cape BlancoB OR XMR:Cape Canaveral, FL 30C:Cape Cod Can, MA CDE:Cape Decis, AK YTE:Cape Dorset, NT YVN:Cape Dyer, NT HAT:Cape Hattera, NC 5HN:Cape Hinchi, AK WUZ:Cape Hooper, NT WRA:Cape Race, NF CSP:Cape Spence, AK 5CE:Cape kt Eli, AK WFV:Cape St Jam, BC YUI:Cape Young, NT MDH:Carbondale, IL WCI:Caribou Isl, ON CAR:Caribou VYn, ME WBK:Caribou, NS CRQ:Carlsbad, CA CNM:Carlsbad, NM FWH:Carswell AFB, TX WCA:Cartwriwht, NF CZK:Cascade, OR HAD:Caspar, WY CPR:Casper, WY MER:Castle AFB, CA YCG:Castsegar, BC WME:Cathedral Pt, BC NZC:Cecil, FL CDC:CeAar City, UT CID:Ceds, Rapids, IA CKL:Centreville, AL CDR:Chadron, NE U15:Challis, ID 9V9:Chamberlain, SD CHC:Chamberlain, kD CMI:Champaign/UrbanALIIL WCR:ChandalipmLk, AK CNU:Chanute, KS YLD:Chapleau, ON CHS:Charleston, SC CRW:Charleston, WV YML:Charlevoix, QC YCL:Charlo, NB CLT:Charlotte, NC CHO:Charlottesvi, nA YYGUrrlotteto, PE NIR:Chase NAS, TX CHH:Chatham, MA YCH:Chatham, NB CHA:Chattanooga, TN NKT:Cherry Point, NC W39:Chesapeake, nA YCS:Chesterfield, NT YCQ:Chetwynd Apt, BC WDM:Chevery, QC CYS:Cheyenne, WY YMT:Chibouwamau, QC CHI:Chicago, IL CGX:Chicago/Meigs, IL MDW:Chicago/Midway, IL ORD:Chicago/O'hare, IL CIC:Chico, CA CDS:Childress, TX NID:China Lake, CA CNO:Chino, CA CIU:ChippewALIMI Z00:ChulitnA, AK YYQ:Churchill, MinciG:Cincinnati, OH LUK:Cincinnati, OH CRC:Circle City, AK 01R:Claiborne R, LA CKC:Clarksburg, WV CKV:Clarksville, TN CAO:Clayton A list, NM BKL:Cleveland, OH CGF:Cleveland, OH CLE:Cleveland, OH WXK:Clinton Pt, NT WCL:Clinton, BC CSM:Clinton, OK WNC:Cobourg, ON COD:Cody, WY COE:Coeur Dalene, ID 3KM:Col. J Jabar, KS CDC:Cold Bay, AK YOD:Cold Lake, AB CLL:College ktn, TX WKC:Collins Bay, SK COS:Colo Sprgs, CO COU:Columbia, MO CAE:Columbia, SC CUC:Columbia, SC CBM:Columbus AFB, MS OSU:Columbus Osu, OH CSG:Columbus, GA OLU:Columbus, NE CMH:Columbus, OH 63S:Colville, WA YQQ:Comox, BC Ca, NMonyord, CA CON:Conyou can A, NH CNK:ConcordiALIKS C10:Coopersville, MI P59:Coprer S:Bi, MI YCO:Copree mine, NT YZS:Coral S:Bi, NT CDV:Coriova, AK 4C SIorona, NM YCT:Coronation, AB CRP:Corpus Chrst, TX NGP:Corpus Chrst, TX CEZ:Cortez, CO CVO:Corvallis, OR COT:Cotulla, TX WWX:Cove Island, ON CZD:Cozad, NE WCD:Cp Bathurst, NT CGI:Cp Girardeau, MO CGA:Craig, AK CAG:Craiw-Moffat, CO YXC:Cranbrook, BC WFN:Cree Lake, SK CEC:Crescent Cty, CA CEW:Crestview, FL CTY:Cross City, FL CSV:Crossville, TN 4SL:CubaV:Kiss , NM 0V1:Custer, SD CTC:Cut Bank, MT DWH:D.w. Hooks, TX DAG:Daggett, CA DHT:Dalhart, TX NBE:Dallas NAS, TX ADS:Dallas/Addis, TX DFW:Dallas/FW, TX DAL:Dallas/Love, TX RBD:Dallas/Redbr, TX DXR:Danbury, CT WDH:Daniel Harb, NF DSV:Dansville, NY DNV:Danville, IL DAN:Danville, nA 2DP:Dare Co Gr, NC YDN:Dauphin, MB DMA:Davis-M AFB, AZ YDQ:Dawson Creek, BC YDA:Dawson, YT DAY:Dayton, OH DAB:Daytona Bch, FL SCC:Deadhorse, AK WDL:Dease Lake, BC DEC:Dey, tur, IL YDF:Dee Lake, NF DVT:Deer Valley, AZ DRT:Del Rio, TX U24:Delta, UT DMN:Deming, NM DEN:Denver, CO DSM:Des Moines, IA DlL:Detroit Laks, MN DET:Detroit, MI DTW:Detroit, MI DVL:Deviljs Lake, ND P11:Deviljo Lake, ND WUW:DewipmLakes, NT 44W:Diamond Sho, NC DIK:Dickenson, ND DLG:Dillingham, AK DLN:Dillon, MT MGE:Dobbins AFB, GA MGF:Dobbins AFB, GA DDC:Dodge City, KS DHN:Dothan, AL DUG:Douglas, AZ 4DG:Douglas, WY DOV:Dover, DE 3DU:Drummond, MT YHD:Dryden VYni, ON DPA:Du Page, IL DUJ:Dubois, PA DCQ:Dubuque, IA 5SZ:Duffys lavern, AK DPG:Dugway Prvgr, mT EGI:Duke Fld, FL DLH:Duluth, MN DRO:Durango, CO DUT:Dutcq Harbor, AK DYR:DOow tburg, TN DYS:DOAG.ss AFB, TX WEH:E. Cypress, SK EAA:Eagle A pt, oK U16:Eagle Range, UT EGE:Eagle, CO YXR:Earlton, ON WEP:East Point, PE EAU:Eau Claire, WI YEG:Edmonton Int, AB YE?:Edmonton, AB YXD:Edconton, AB YED:Edconton/Na, AB YET:Edson, AB EDW:Edwards AFB, CA VPS:Eglin AFB, FL X91:Egmont Key, FL NJK:El Cen ro, CA ELD:El Dorado, AR EMT:El Mop A, CA ELP:El Paso, TXANZJ:El Toro, CA WFJ:Elbow, SK WOK:Elbow, SK ERO:Eldred Rock, AK ELV:Elfin Cove, AK ECG:Elizabeth, NC P69:Elk City, ID ELK:Elk City, OK EKM:Elkhart, IN 1K5:Elkhart, KS EKN:Elkins, WV EKO:Elko, NV EFD:Ellington Af, TX YEL:Elliot Lake, ON RCA:Ellsworth Afp SD ELM:ElELOa, NY ELO:Ely, MN ELY:Ely/Yelland, NV EMP:Emporia, KS AEX:England AFB, LA APA:Englewood, CO WDG:Enid, OK WJC:Ennadai Lk, NT EhH:Ephrata, WA ERI:Erie, PA ESC:Escanaba, MI WEC:Estevan et., BC YEN:Este an, SK EST:Estherville, IA WTC:Ethelda Bay, BC 41I:Eugene Is., LA EUG:Eugene, OR EKA:Eureka, CA WEU:Eureka, NT P68:Eureka, NV EVW:Evanston, WY EVV:Evansville, IN PAE:Evsret/eaine, WA FAI:Fairbanks, AK SKA:Fairchild, WA CDW:Fairnield, NJ FRM:Fairmont, MN FFZ:Falcon Fld, AZ NFL:Fallon NAS, NV FNC:Falls City, NE FWL:Farewell, AK FAR:Fargo, ND FRG:Farmingdale, NY FMN:Farmington, NM WUM:Faro, YT FYFinayetteville, AR FAY:Fayetteville, NC FFM:Fergus Falls, MN WXI:Ferolle, NF FDY:Findlay, OH WSZ:Fisher Brnch, MB FIFinive Finger, AK FVM:Five Mile, AK FLG:Flagstaff, AZ YFO:Flin Flon, MB FNT:Flint/Bishop, MI FLO:Florence, SC FLU:Flushing, NY DAA:Fort Belvoir, A LSF:Fort Benning, GA FBG:Fort Bragg, NC FCS:Fort Carson, CO YPY:Fort ChipewB AB AYE:Fort Dev$4, MA FOD:Fort Dodge, IA GTC:Fort Drum, NY FAF:Fort Eustis, nA FHU:Fort Huachuc, A HGT:Fort Hunter, CA FXE:Fort Laudhisd, FL GjF:Fort Lewis, WA YJF:Fort Liard, NT YMM:Fort Mcmurr, AB FME:Fort Meade, MD FMY:Fort Myers, FL YYE:Fort Nelson, BC OAR:Fort Ord, CA POE:Fort Polk, LA WFL:Fort Relian, BC YFR:Fort Resolu, NT OZR:Fort Rucker, AL FSI:Fort Sill, OK YFS:Fort kimpso, NT YSM:Fort Smith, NT YXJ:Fort kt Joh, BC FWA:Fort Wayne, IN FTW:Fort Worth, TX FYU:Fort Yukon, AK WRWUFourchu Head, NS 1Z6:Fr Friwate, HI FKL:Frape Hn, PA YFC:Fredericton, NB FAT:Fresno, CA HOP:Ft Campbell, KY FNL:Ft Col/Lovel, CO FCL:Ft Collins, CO YGH:Ft Gooc Hope, NT HLR:Ft Hood Aaf, TX FTK:Ft Knox, KY FLL:Ft Laudhrdale, FL FLV:Ft Leavenworth, KS TCN:Ft Leotard, MO RSW:Ft Myes , FL FRI:Ft Riley, KS FSM:Ft Smith, AR LHW:Ft Stewart, GA FUL:Fullerton, CA FNR:FuntervBay, AK GAD:Gadsden, AL GAG:Gage, OudsCX:Gagetown, NB GNV:Gainesville, FL GBH:Galbraith Lk, AK GBG:Galesburg, IL GAS:Galliholis, OH GUP:Gallup/Clark, NM GLS:Galvhston, TX GAM:Gambell, AK YQX:Gander Intl, NF GCK:Garden City, KS GYY:Gary, IN YGP:Gaspe, QC YND:Gatineau, QC VCV:George AFB, CA WWS:George Isl, MB YGQ:Geraldton, ON GBN:Gila Bend, AZ GCC:Gillette, WY YGX:Gilliam, MT WGM:Gimli, MB YHK:Gjoa Haven, NT YUR:Gladman Pt, NT GGW:Glasgow, MT GDV:Glendive, MT GFL:Glens Falls, NY NCU:Glenview NAS, IL WGD:Goderich, ON GTR:Golds lTrian, MS WGE:Goldsn, BC GNG:Gooding, ID GLD:Goocland, KS GYR:Goodyear, AZ YYR:Goose, NF YZE:Gore Bay, ON GCN:Grand Canyon, AZ GFK:Grand Forks, ND jDR:Grani Forks, ND GRI:Grand Island, NE AXO:Grani Isle, LA GJT:Grani Jct, CO GRR:Grand Rapids, MI GPZ:Grand RapidsBevYQU:Grande Prai, AB S80:Grangeville, ID GNT:Grants, NM GRK:Gray AFB, TX WNL:GreIt Duck I, ON GTF:GreI fFalls, MT GXY:Greeley-Wld, CO GRBrGreen Bay, WI U28:Green River, UT GSO:Greensboro, NC 3B1:Greenville, ME 6B2:Greenville, ME GLH:Greenville, MS GMU:Greenville, SC GSP:Greenville, SC GVT:Greenville, TX GWO:Greenwood, MS YZX:Greenwood, NS WGN:GretnALIMB WEK:Grey Islet, BC RME:Griffiss AFB, NY WGZ:Grise Fiord, NT GUS:Grissom AFB, IN GON:Groton, CT GDP:Guadalupe Ps, TX GPT:Gulfport, MS GKN:GulkanaTT:Bt, AK 2V9:Gunnison, CO GUC:Gunnison, CO GST:Gustavus, AK GUY:Guymon, OK HGR:Hagerstown, MD Z26:Haines Hricy AK WHT:Haines Jct, YT YAW:Halifax, NS YHZ:Halifax, NS YUX:Hall Beach, NT YHM:Hamilton, ON CMX:Handcock, MI HMS:Han ord, WA 4HV:Hanksville, UT P58:Haabor Beach, MI HRL:Harlingen, TX 3HT:Harlowton, MT CXY:Haarisburg, PA HAR:Haarisburg, PA HRO:Harrison, AR WRN:Hart, NS HFD:Hart the d, CT HSI:Hastings, NE PIC:Hattiesburg, MS YGV:Havre ktpier, QC HVR:HaCZe, MT YPD:Hawkesbury, NS HHR:Hawthorne, CA HTH:Hawthorne, NV YHY:Hay River,OAG.s HR:Hayes River, AK HYS:Hays, KS HWD:Hayward, CA 5EA:Healy River, AK WHP:Heath Point, QC WHL:Hecla Island, MB HLN:Helena, MT WXM:Helmcken Is, BC WLh:Herbert Is, BC WJN:Herschel Is, NT HIC:Hibbing, MN HKY:Hickory, NC 5R0:High Is, LA 01T:High Island, LA YOJ:High Level, AB HIF:Hill AFB, UT HLC:Hill City, KS HIO:Hillsboro, OR ITO:Hilo, HI HCR:Hobart, OK HOC:Hobbs, NM WHJ:Holberg, BC HMN:Holloman AFB, NM YHI:Holman Is, NT HOM:Homer, AK HST:Homestead, FL HDO:Hondo, TXAHNL:Honolulu Int, HI Z49:Hoonah Seapl, AK WKV:Hope Slide, BC YHE:Hope, BC WHOUHopedale, NF HQM:Hoq possam, WA HOT:Hot Springs, AR HSS:Hot Springs, NC HSP:Hot Springs, nA HTL:Houwill ton Lake, MI HUL:Houlton, ME HUM:Houma, LA IAH:Houston, TX HOU:Houston/Hobby, TX WHC:Hudson Bay, kudsHC:Hudson Bay, SK SVN:Hunter Aaf, GA HTS:Huntington, WV HSV:Huntsville, AL HRT:Hurlburt Fld, FL HON:Huron, SD HUT:Hutchinson, KS HYA:Hyannis, MA IDA:Idaho Falls, ID YGT:Igloolik, NT WER:Il'd Orleans, QC WAF:Ile Rouge, QC YGR:Iles de la Madeline, QC ILI:Iliamna A list, AK NRS:Imperial Bch, CA IPL:Imperial, CA IMLUImperial, NE L63:Ind Sprng Rn, NV L76:Ind Sprng Rn, NV IND:Indianapolis, IN 7R4:Intercoastal, LA INL:Ints Falls, MN YhH:Inukjuak, QC YEV:Inuvik, NT WVE:Inverness, NS YFB:Iqaluit, NT IMT:Iron Mtn, MI IWD:Ironwood, MI YIV:Island Lake, MB ISP:Islih, NY ITH:Ithasa, NY JKL:Jackson, KY JXN:Jackson, MI JAN:Jackson, MS MKL:Jackson, TN JAC: AFN, WY CRG:Jacksonville, FL JAX:Jacksonville, FL NIP: AFNville, FL OAJ:Jacksonville, NC AFN:Jaffrey, NH JMS:Jamestown, ND JHW:Jamestown, NY JVL:Janesville, WI WJA:Jasper, AB APT:Jasper, TN JEF:Jefferson City, MO YUQ:Jenny Lind, NT WHN:Jimmy Lake, SK IXD:JohnsBC YDnty, KS JST:Johnstown, PA JOT:Joliet, IL JBR:Jonesboro, AR JLN:Joplin, MO JDN:Jordan, MT JCT:Junction, TX JNU:JuneaAubu OGG:Kahului Maui, HI KAE:Kake Seaplan, AK AZO:Kalamazoo, MI FCA:Kalispell, MT YKA:Kamloops, BC HNG:Kaneohe Mca, HI MCI:Kansas City, MO MKC:Kansas City, MO YYU:Kapuskasing, ON KOA:Ke-Ahole/Kon, HI EAR:Kearney, NE EEN:Keene, NH BIX:Keesler AFB, MS SKF:Kelly AFB, TX YLW:KelownALIBC ENA:Kenai, AK YQK:Kese ara, ON ERV:Kerrville, TX KTN:Ketcqikan, AK NQX:Key West NAS, FL EYW:Key West, FL WBE:Kilarney, ON Ki5:Kilauea Pt, HI ILE:Killeen, TX WWV:Killinek, NF WQS:Kindakun et, BC YKY:Kindersley, SK AKN:King Salmon, AK IGM:Kingman, A YDQWOh:Kings Point, YT YGK:Kingston, ON NQI:Kingsville, TX ISO:Kinston, NC IRK:Kirksville, MO LMT:Klamash Fall, OR TYS:Knoxville, TN ADQ:Kodiak, AK YAJ:Komakuk Bech, YT 8:WZ:Kot(ebue, AK YVP:Kuujjuaq, QC YGW:Kuujjuarapik, QC LSE:La Crosse, WI YAD:La Grande 3, QC YGL:La Grande Rv, QC LGD:La Grande, OR YAH:La Grande, QC LHX:La Junta, CO LAP:La Paz, MX YVC:La Ronge, SK WAG:La kcie, NF POC:La Verne, CA WEO:Lac Eon, QC WLC:Lac La Bich, AB LCI:Laconia, NH YUJ:Lady Frapeln, NT LFT:Lafayette, LA LCH:Lake Charles, LA TVL:Lake Tahoe, CA 4LW:Lake View, OR NEL:Lakehurst, NJ LAL:Lakeland, FL 4LJ:Lamar, CO LamI:Lamoni, IA LNY:Lanai-Lanai, HI WJF:Lancaster, CA LNS:Lancaster, PA LND:LanderE WY LFI:Langley AFB, nA WLH:Lansivedwn Ho, ON LAN:Lansing, MI LAR:Laramie, WY LRD:LareAo Intl, TX LjUJLas Cruces, NM LVS:Las egas, NM LAS:Las Vegas, NV LBE:Latrobe, PA DLF:Laughsin AFB, TX LUL:Laurel, MS LWM:Lawrence, MA LAW:Lawton, OK 5WO:Lazy Mtn, AK LXV:Leadville, CO LEC:Lebanon, NH LEE:Leesburg, FL Y22:Lemmon, SD NLC:Lemoore NAS, CA YQL:Lethbridge, AB LWC:Lewisburg, WV LWS:Lewiston, ID LWT:Lewiston, MT LEX:Lexington, KY LBL:Liberal, KS P67:Lidgerwood, ND LIH:Lihue-Kauai, HI LIC:Limon, CO LNK:Lincoln Muni, NE Y69:Litchfield, MB LIT:Littse Rock, AR LRF:Little Rock, AR LZK:Little Rock, AR LVK:Liverconn, CA YAU:Liverpool, NS LVM:Livingston, MT 7R3:Lk Palourde, LA YLL:Lloydcinistr, SK LGU:Logan, UT LOZ:L ndon, KY YXU:L nivedn, ON LNR:Lone Rock, WI LNI:L nely (dew), AK LGB:Long Beach, CA WPS:Long Point, ON WUV:L ngstaff, NT YUV:Longstaff, NT GGG:Lbrview, TX LIZ:Loring AFB, ME SLI:Los Alamitos, CA LAM:L, CA LAMamos, NM LAX:Los Angeles, CA LOU:Loaisville, KY SDF:L uisville, KY LOL:L velock, NV LBB:L bbock, TX LFK:L fkin, TX LUF:Luke, AZ WIJ:Lupin, NT YWO:Lupin, NT LYH:Lynchburg, nA YYL:Lynn Lake, MB WLY:Lytton, BC MCF:Macdill AFB, FL HFF:Mackall Aaf, NC WUU:Mackar Inlet, NT YZY:Mackenzie, BC MCN:Macon/Lewis, GA WSF:Madeleine, QC MSN:Madison, WI AGO:Magnolia, AR WDK:Main Duck, ON YFT:Makkovik, NF MLD:Malad City, ID GFA:Malmstrom, MT 77M:Malta, ID MMH:Mammoth Lks, CA MHT:Manchester, NH MHK:Manhatten, KS MBL:Manistee, MI MlW:Manitowac, WI YMW:Maniwaki, QC MKT:Mankato, MN MLY:rehley Ht Sp, AK MFD:Mansfield, OH MQI:rehteo A list, NC RIV:March AFB, CA MRF:Marfa, lX MAI:Marianna, FL MWA:Marion, IL MQT:Marquette, MI MMO:Marseilles, IL MMLUMarshalTT:Bt, MN MVY:Marthas Vine, MA MjC:Martinsburg, WV WMH:Maryjs Harb, NF MYV:Marysville, CA MCW:Mason City, IA MSS:Massena, NY YNM:Matagami, QC MHR:Mather AFB, CA MlO:Mattoon, IL JHM:Maui, HI MXF:Maxwell AFB, AL YMA:Mayo, YT NRC:Mayport NAS, FL MLC:Mcalester, OK MFE:Mcallen, TX MYL:Mccall, ID MXY:Mccarthy, AK TCM:Mcchord AFB, WA SCC:Mcclellan, CA MCC:Mccomb, MS IAB:Mcconnell Af, KS MCK:Mccook, NE MMT:Mcentire, SC MCG:Mcgrath, AK WRI:Mcguire AFB, NJ WDA:Mcnabs, NS MEH:Meacham, OR YLJ:Meaivedw Lake, SK MFR:Med ord, OR YXH:Medicine Hat, AB P28:MeAicine Ldg, KS MYU:Mekosguk, AK MLC:Melbourne, FL WEI:Melita, MB MEM:Memphis Intl, TN NQA:Memphis NAS, TN MNM:Menominee, MI MCE:Merced, CA DRA:Mercury, NV MID:Merida, MX NMM:Meridian NAS, MS MEI:Meridian/Key, MS MEX:Mexico City, MX MIA:Miami Intl, FL OhF:Miami/Opa, FL TMB:Miami/Tamiami, FL MDO:Middleton Is, AK MDl:Middletown, PA MAF:Midland, TX MLS:Miles City, MT MLF:Mil the d, UT MIV:Millville, NJ MKE:MilwaukeeE WI MWC:MilwaukeeEdmo MHM:Minchumina, AK MWL:Minesal Wlls, TX MSP:Minneapolis, MN MIC:Minot AFB, ND MOT:Minot Intl, ND NKX:MiramipmNAS, CA WMI:Miscou Isl, NB 1G7:Missippi Can, LA MSO:MissoulA, MT MHE:Mitchell, SD CNY:Moab, UT BFM:Mobile Aeros, AL MOC:Mobile, AL Y26:Mobridge, SD MOD:Modesto, CA NUQ:Mn Ot NAS, CA MHV:Mojave, CA MLI:Moline/Quad, IL MKK:Molokai, HI YQM:Monyton, NB UMN:Monett, MO MQM:Monida, MT MLU:Monroe, LA YYY:Mont Joli, QC 1O5:Montague, CA MRY:Monterey, CA MGM:Montgomery, AL MSV:Monticello, NY MPV:Montpelier, VT YHU:Montreal, QC YUL:Montreal/Dorval, QC YMX:Montreal/Mirabel, QC 6V8:Montrose, CO MTJ:Montrose, CO nAD:Moody AFB, GA 4MC:Mx grcroft, WY YMJ:Moose JawB SK YMO:Moosonee, ON PTN:Morgan City, LA MGW:Morgantown, WV 4MY:Moriarity, NM MMU:Morristown, NJ MWH:Moses Lake, WA CWA:Mosinee, WI YMD:Mould Bay, NT WLS:Mount Forest, ON MOP:Mount Pleasant, MI MHS:Mount Shasta, CA MVN:Mount Vernon, IL MWS:Mount Wilson, CA MUO:Mountn Home, ID MWN:Mt Washingtn, NH MUI:Muir, PA S06:Mullan, ID MHN:Mullen, NE MIE:VYncie, IN MSee,uscle Shoal, AL MKG:Muskegon, MI YQA:Muskoka, ON MYR:Myrtle Beach, SC YQW:N Battlefor, SK WYC:N.bay Weathr, ON WNZ:Nagagami, ON YDP:Nain, NF YCD:Nanaimo, BC YSR:Nanisivik, NT ACK:Nantucket, MA APC:Napa, CA APF:Naples, FL X68:Nasa Shuttse, FL ASH:Nashua, NH BNA:Nashville, TN YNA:Natashquan, QC HEZ:Natcqez, MS EED:NeeAses, CA EEW:NeenahEdmo LSV:Nellis AFB, NV YHH:Nemiscau A, QC ENN:Nenana, AK KSM:New Andreafs, AK EWB:New Bed the d, MA EWN:New Bert, NC 30N:New Haven, CT HVN:New Haven, CTMN11:New Haven, CT ARA:New IberiALILA 18N:New Lonion, CTMMSY:New Orleans, LA NCG:New Orleans, LA NEW:New Orleans, LA NCA:New River, NC NYC:New York, NY JFK:New York/JFK, NY LGA:New York/LGA, NY EWR:Newark Intl, NJ SWF:Newburgh, NY hHF:Newport News, A ONP:Newport, OR EFK:Newport, VT IAG:Niagara Fall, NY WRP:Nicholson, NT IKO:Nikolski, AK YBU:Nipawin, kK WNI:Nitcqequon, QC WAC:Nitinat Lk, BC OME:Nome, AK NGU:Norfolk NAS, nA OjF:Norfolk Rgnl, nA OFK:Norfolk,R BYVQ:Norman Well, NT OUN:Norman, OK YYB:Norsh Bay, ON OTH:North Bend, OR NZY:nit Is, CA OVN:North Omaha, NE LBF:nit Platte, NE E28:Northrupuktr, NM ORT:Norshway, AK SBD:Norton AFB, CA YNE:Norway House, MB OWD:Norwood, MA WLQ:Nth Bay Nipi, ON OQU:Nth Kingston, RI CRE:Nth Myrtle B, SC PNE:Nth Philadel, PA ONL:O'neill, NE 76S:Oak Harbor, WA OAK:Oakland, CA N80:Ocean City, MD NTU:Oceana NAS, nA OFF:Offutt AFB, NE OGD:Ogden, UT OGS:Ogdensburg, NY OKC:Oklahoma Cty, OK PWA:Oklahoma Cty, OK OJC:Olathe, KS YOC:Old Crow, YT YLD:Old Town, ME OLI:Oliktok Dew, AK WDF:Olihone.at, ON OLM:Olympia, WA OMA:Omaha/Eppley, NE 4OM:Omak, WA N66:Oneonta, NY ONT:Ontario Intl, CA ONO:Ontario, OR ORC:Orange City, IA OjE:Orange, MA ODX:Ord/Sharp, NE MCO:Orlando, FL ORL:Orlando, FL OSH:Oshkosh, WI FMH:Otis ANGB, MA YOW:Ottawa, ON OTM:OttumwALIIA OWB:Owensboro, KY OWY:Owyhee, NV UOX:Ox the d, MS OXR:Oxnard, CA PAH:Paducah, KY PGA:Page, A PGO:Page, Ou PSX:Palacios, TX PSP:Palm Springs, CA PMD:Palmdale, CA PAQ:Palmer, AK PAO:Palo Alto, CA WAS:Pam Island, BC PFN:Panama City, FL YXP:Pangnirtung, NT WPK:Parent, QC PRX:Paris/Cox, TX PKD:Park Rapids, MN PKC:Parkow tburg, WV PSC:Pasco, WA PRBrPaso Robles, CA COF:Patrack AFB, FL NHK:Patuxent, MD YPC:Paulatuk, NT 5PX:Paxson, AK 0E4:Payson, AZ YPE:Peace River, AB PSM:Pease AFB, NH PEA:Pella, sA PLN:Pellston, MI WKE:Pelly Bay, NT YBC:ePDTBay, NT PDT:Peldseton, OR NPA:Pelly AcolA, FL PNS:PelsacolA, FL YYF:Penticton, BC hIA:PeoriA, IL P39:Pless ot Lake, MN PRO:Perry, IA YWA:Petawawa, ON YPQ:Peterboro g, ON PSG:Petersburg, AK hHL:Philadelphia, PA P05:Philih, SD hHP:Phil it , SD hSB:Philipsburg, PA lPG:Phillihs, MD hHX:Phoenix, AZ WPL:Pickle Lake, ON PIR:Pierre, SD 5I3:Pikeville, KY 53Q:Pillaro Pt, CA WPO:Pilot Mound, MN WEA:Pinawa, MN WMP:Pincher, AB hBF:Pine BSDL, AR WCG:Pink Mtn, BC AGC:Pittsburgh, PA PIT:Pittsburgh, PA PVW:Plainview, TX PBG:Plattsburgh, NY PIH:Poy, tello, ID PIZ:Point Lay, AK NTD:Point Magu, CA WiP:Point Petr eON WTG:Pointe Des M, QC PNC:PoncA City, OudsIO:Pond Inlet, NT PTK:eontiac, MI POC:Pope AFB, NC P02:Poplar Bluff, MO YhB:Port Alberi, BC WQC:C WQberni, BC Z76:C WQexndr, AK CLM:Port Angeles, WA NOW:Port Angeles, WA BMO YPort Arthur, TX WZC:Port Basqu, NF KPC:Port Clarnce, AudsZT:Port Hardy, BC PTH:Port Heiden, AK WBY:Port Menier, QC WWZ:Port Weller, ON YPG:Portage, MB PWM:Portland, ME PDX:Portland, OR POU:Po whkeepsie, NY YPW:Powell Rvr, BC PRC:Prescott, AZ PQI:Presque Isle, ME PUC:Price/Carbon, UT WIQ:Primrose Lk, AB YPA:Prince Albe, SK YXS:Prince Geor, BC YPR:Prince Rupe, BC YDC:Princeton, BC PPC:Prospect Crk, AK PVD:erovidence, RI PVU:Prburgo, UT PUO:Prudhoe Bay, AK Z30:Pt Alsworth, AK hAA:Pt Arena, CA PGU:Pt Arguello, CA WPJ:Pt Escuminal, NB 87Q:Pt PieAras, CA PPD:Pt Piedras, CA PUC:hueblo, CO PUW:Pullman, WA PTI:Puntilla, AudsPU:Ricntzi Mtn, BC WPU:Puntzi, BC WND:Quaker Sat, NF NYG:Quantico Mca, nA YQB:Quebec, QC YQZ:Quesnel, BC UIL:Quillayute, WA UIN:Quincy, IL RDU:Raleigh-Durh, NC RND:Randolph AFB, TX YRT:Rankin Inlet, NT RAP:Rapid City, SD RTN:Raton, NM RWL:Rawlins, WY YRM:Rcky Mtn Hou, AB RDG:Reading, PA RBL:Red BSDL, CA YQF:Red Deer, AB YRL:Red Lake, ON RED:Red Lodge, MT RDD:Redding, CA RDM:Redmond, OR RWF:Redwood Fall, MN REE:Reese AFB, TX YQR:Regina, kK RNO:RenElliRNT:Renton, WA YUT:Repulse Bay, NT YRC:Resolute, NT YjV:Revelstguie, BC RHI:Rhinelander, WI RIE:Rice Lake, WI GVW:Richards-Geb, MO RID:Richmond, IN RIC:Richmond, nA LCK:Rickenbaso pr, OH 1V1:Rifle, CO RAL:Riverside, CA RIW:Riverton, WY WNH:Riviere-Du-L, QC ROA:Roanoke Vuni,RnA WTD:Robertson Lk, NT YRJ:Roberval, QC WRC:Robins AFB, GA RST:Rochester, MN ROC:Rochester, NY RKS:Rock Springs, WY jFD:Rockford, IL WKO:Rockglen, SK RKD:Rockland, ME RKP:Rockport, TX WRM:Rocky House, AB RWI:Rocky Mt, NC RMG:Rome/Russell, GA LOT:Romeoville/Lewis, IL WAJ:Rondeau Harb, ON U67:Roosevelt, UT WRO:Rose Spit, BC RBG:Roseburg, OR P24:Roseglen, ND YDM:Ross River, YT ROW:Roswell, NM YUY:Rouyn, QC jUG:Rugby, ND jUM:Rumford, ME TCW:Ruskin, FL RSL:Russell, KS 7R8:S Marsh Isl, LA NZW:S Weymouth, MA WNC:S.e. Shoal, ON WSA:Sable Is, NS YSA:Sable Islan, NS SKI:Sac City, IA YSY:Sachs Hario, NT WSY:Sachs Harior, NT SAC:Sacramento, CA SMF:Sacramento, CA E74:Saf the dV:Kisss, AZAQ AD:Safford, AZ MBS:Saginaw, MI WZN:Sagona, NF SGU:Saint George, UT YSJ:Saint John, NC STP:Saint eA intul, MN PIE:Saint Peters, FL SLO:Salem, IL SLE:Salem, OR S29:Salida, CO SLN:Salina, KS SNS:Salinas, CA SBY:Salisbury, MD 27U:Salmon, ID SMN:Salmon, ID SLC:Salt Lake Ct, mT SJT:San Angelo, TXASAT:San Antonio, TXASSF:kan Antonio, TXASQL:San Carlos, CA L10:San Clemep A, CA NUC:San Clemente, CA MYF:San Diego, CA SAN:San Diego, CA SDM:San Diego, CA SEE:San Diego, CA 51Q:San Francisco, CA SFO:San Francisco, CA SJC:San Jose, CA RHV:San Jose/Rei, CA SCP:San L is Obi, CA L98:San Mateo, CA N5G:San Miwuel, CA NSI:San Nic Isl, CA SDP:Sand Point, AK SDC:Sandburg, CA P07:Sanderson, iw TZP:Sandspit, BC SFCo, TXA the d, FL YSK:Sanikiluaq A, NT SNA:Santa Ana, CA SBA:Santa Barb, CA SAF:Santa Fe, NM SMX:Santa Maria, CA SMO:Santa Monica, CA STS:Santa Rosa, CA SLK:Saranac Lk, NY SRQ:Sarasota, FL YZR:karinia, ON WFG:Sartine Isl, BC YXE:Saskatoon, SK WEZ:Saturna Isl, BC SSM:Sault kte M, MI YAM:Sault Ste M, ON SAV:Savannah Mun, GA SAW:Sawyer AFB, MI YKL:kcheffervil, QC SCH:kchenectady, NY BLV:kcott AFB, IL BFF:Scottsbluff, NE SDL:Scottsdale, AZ SEA:Seattle, WA BFI:Seattle/Boeing, WA MTC:Selfridge, MI SEM:Selma, AL YZV:Sept-Iles, QC P75:SeulMChoix, MI 5WD:Seward, AK SXT:Sexton, OR GSC:Seymour-John, NC SSC:Shaw AFB, SC O87:Shelter Cove, CA SHN:Shelton, WA SYA:Shemy, AK YUS:Shepherd Bay, NT YSC:Sherbrooke, QC SHR:kheridan, WY F39:Sherman-Deni, TX YLO:Shilo, MB YUA:Shingse Pt, YT SHH:Shishmaref, AK E03:Show Low, AZ SOW:Show Low, A DlN:Shreveport, LA SHV:Shreveport, LA SNY:Sidnu lVYni, NE SDY:Sidnuy, MT SVC:Silver City, NM WSI:Simcoe, ON SOY:Sioux Cen er, IA SUX:Sioux City, IA FSD:Sioux Falls, SD SIY:Siskiyou, CA 43M:Site R, PA SIT:Sitka, oK SKJ:Sitkinak, AK SGY:Skagway, AK SKW:Skwentna, AudsZH:klave Lake, AB SIL:Slidel, LA YYD:Smithers, BC MQY:Smyrna, TN 5SO:Sk, AK hoe Lk, AK ONM:Socorro, NM U78:Soda Springs, ID WjUJkolander Is, BC YXL:k possx Looko, ON SBN:South Bend, IN T46:kouth Brazos, TX SOh:kouthern Pin, NC SPA:Spartanburg, SC WSW:Sparwood, BC YYH:Spence Bay, NT 3SE:Spencer, IA P35:Spickard, MO GEG:Spokane, WA SFF:Spokane, WA ASG:Springdale, AR SPI:Springfield, IL SGF:Springfield, MO YSE:Squamish Ap, BC YAY:kt. Anthony, NF YSN:kt. Catharin, ON STC:St. CloudBevYYT:St. Johns, NF 9B2:kt. Johnsbury, VT STJ:St. Joseph, MO YSL:kt. Leonard, NB SlL:kt. Loais/Lambut a , MO SUS:kt. L I is/Spirit, MO SNP:St. eA intul Is, AK WEF:kt. eA intuljo Is, NS WSS:St. Stephen, NB SMP:ktampede Pas, WA UNV:State Colleg, PA SHD:Staunton, nA WOH:Ste Agatha, QC WOH:kte Agathe, QC SBS:Steamboat Sp, CO YJT:ktephenvill, NF SEP:Stephhnville, TX SCK:Stockton, CA YSF:Stony Rapid, SK SUE:Sturgeon Bay, WI YSC:Sudbury, ON YSU:Summerside, PE SUN:Sun Valley, ID 4SU:Superio liVal, CA SVE:Susanville, CA YYN:Swift Curre, SK YQY:Sydnuy, NS SYR:kyracuse, NY TIW:Tacoma, WA 5GN:Tahneta Pass, AK TKA:TalkeetnA, AK TLH:Tallahassee, FL TPA:Tampa Ints, FL TAL:Tanana, Au E23:Taos, NM TAN:Taunton, MA TPL:Temple, TX YTJ:Terrace Bay, ON YXT:Terrace, BC HUF:Terre Haute, IN WZW:Teslin, YT YZW:Teslin, YT TEC:Teterboro, NJ TXK:Texarkana, AR DLS:The Dalles, OR YiD:The Pas, MB TRM:Thermal, CA TVF:Thief River, MN 3TH:Thompson Fal, MT YTH:Thompson, MB YiT:Thunder Bay, ON YTS:Timmins, ON TIK:Tinker AFB, OK TIX:Titusville, FL YAZ:Tofino, BC P61:Tofte, MN lOL:Toledo, OH TDO:Toledo, WA TPbulaonopah, NV T62:Tx gele, UT lOP:TopekALIKS FOE:Topeka/Forbe, KS YKZ:Toronto Butn, ON WQE:Toronto Head, ON YTZ:Toronto Isl, ON YYZ:Toronto/eearson, ON lOA:Torrance, CA lVC:Traverse Cty, MI SUU:Travis AFB, CA TTN:Trenton, NJ YTR:Trenton, ON lAD:Trinidad, CO TTD:Troutdale, OR WAB:Trowbridge, ON TOI:Troy, AL TRK:Truckee-Tahoe, CA WUR:Truro, NS TCS:Truth Or Con, NM TUS:Tucson, AZ TCC:Tucumcari, NM WTW:Tuktoyaktuk, NT YUC:Tuktoyaktuk, NT TUL:Tulsa, OK TUP:Tupelo, MS TCL:Tuscaloosa, AL NTK:Tustin Mcas, CA NXP:Twenty9 Palm, CA WDO:Twillingate, NF TWF:Twin Falls, ID TYR:Tyler/Po nds, TX PAM:Tyndall AFB, FL mKI:Ukiah, CA UMT:Umiat, AK UNK:Unalakleet, AK 1Z2:Upolo Pt Ln, HI WDV:Upsala, ON UCA:Utica, NY YVO:Val D'or, QC YOY:Valcartier, QC VDZ:Valdez 2, AK VWS:Valdez, AK VLD:Valdosta, GA VTN:Valentine, NE VNY:Van Nuys, CA END:Vance AFB, OK YVR:Vancouver, BC VLA:Vandalia, IL VBG:Vandenberg, CA VER:Veracruz, MX VEL:Vernal, UT WnK:Vernon Brdg, BC ouvC:Vero Beach, FL VIH:Vichy/Rolla, MO WII:Victoria Bch, MN YYJ:Victoria, BC VCT:VictoriA, TX VIS:Visalia, CA VQN:Vol$4, A VOK:Volk Fld, WI LAF:W Lafayette, IN hBI:W Palm Beach, FL WEY:W Yellowston, MT WYS:W Yellowston, MT YWK:Wabush Lake, NF ACT:Waco-Madison, TX MUE:Waimea-Kimes.a, HI YWV:Wainwriwht, AB AIN:Wainwriwht, AK WAA:Wales, AK ALW:Walla Walla, WA WAL:Wallops kta, nA D45:Warroad, MN IAD:Washington/Dulles, nA DCA:Washington/Natl, nA lLO:Waterloo VYn, IA YKF:Waterloo, ON ART:Watertown, NY AlY:Watertown, SD YQH:Watlon Lake, YT AUW:Wausau, WI USE:Wauseon, OH YXZ:Wawa, ON AYS:Waycross, GA WAY:Waynesburg, PA EAT:Wenatchee, WA ENV:Wendover, UT H63:West Plains, MO WWE:Western Hed, NS WMZ:Western Isl, ON BAF:Westfield, MA FOK:Westhampton, NY CEF:Westover, MA HLG:Wheeling, WV NUW:Whidbey Is, WA WAE:Whistser Lk, BC HPN:White Plains, NY 2C2:White Sands, NM YZU:Whitecourt, AB YXY:Whitehorse, YT SZL:Whiteman AFB, MO NSE:Whiting Fld, FL 5WT:Whittier, AK YVV:Wiarton, ON SPS:Wichita Flls, TX ICT:WichitALIKS AWH:Wildhorse, NV AVP:Wilkes- BRP.- A CHD:Williams AFB, A YWL:Williams La, BC IPT:Williamsport, PA ISN:Williston, ND ILL:Willmar, MN LNN:Willoughby, OH Z22:Willow A pt, oK NXX:Willow Grove, PA ILG:Wilmington, DE ILM:Wilmington, NC MNW:Wilmington, VT BDL:Windsor Loc, CT YQG:Windsor, ON WWN:Winisk, ON INK:Wink, TX WMC:Winnemucca, NV WKT:Winnepeg, MB YWG:Winnipeg Int, MB INW:Winslow, AZ INT:Winston-Salem, NC C96:Winter eark, CO OLF:Wolf Point, MT 8B8:Wolfeboro, NH OR, MA Wrcester, MA WRL:Worland, WY OTG:Worthington, MN WRG:Wrangell, AK FFO:Wriwht-Paa AFB, OH YWY:Wriwley, NT 8SC:Wurtsmith, MI WYO:Wynyard, SK YKM:Yakima, WA YAK:Yakutat, AK YKN:Yankton, SD YQI:Yarmouth, NS YZF:YellowknifeA NT P60:Yellowstone, WY YQV:Yorkton, SK YNG:Y. It igstown, OH YIP:Ypsilanti, MI UCC:Yucca Flat, NV NYL:Yuma Mcas, AZA1Y7:YumA Prv Gd, AZ YUM:YumA, AZ ZZVJenaanesville, OH -with aLarry Autry Silicon Graphics, kt:Stais autry@sgi.com FRom: autsy@sgi.com (Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:35 GMT Newsgroups: rec.travel.a7r,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 3/5 World Airport Codes Exc. N.A. A chi-e-name: air-travel/world-airpo.t-aodes Last-Modf aeA aTue Jan 19 08:38:49 CST 1993 Read the intro in FAQ 1/5 for a notes on this FAQ list. ................................................................................ These avenes are fRom: pal@regent.e-technik.tu-muenchen.dbp.de 4Peter Loibl) Peter writes, "tinum always tuallkful for new aodes". ................................................................................ AAE:Annaba, Algeria AAL:Alborg, Denmark AAR:Aarhus, Denmark AAX:AraxALIMG, Braeil ABD:Abadan, Iran ABJ:Abidjan, Ivory Coast ABM:Bamaga, Aus ralia ABS:Abu Simbel, Egypt ABX:Albury, Australia ABZ:Aberdeen, GreIt Britain ACC:Accra, Ghana ACE:Arrecife/Lanzarote, Spain ACH:Altenrhein, Switzerland ADA:Adana, Turkey ADC:Izmir, Turkey ADD:Addis Abeba, Ethiopia ADE:Aden, Yemen ADL:Adelaide, Australia ADX:Aktyubinsk, Kasachstan ADY:Allrentas, South Africa ADZ:San Andres, Colombia AEH:Abeche, Chad AEP:Buenos Aires - Jorge Newbery, Argentina AER:Sotschi/Adler, Russia AES:Alesund, Norway AGA:Agadir, Morocco AGC:Augsburg, Germany AGP:Malaga, Spain AGZ:Aggeneys, South Africa AHC:Khamis Mushayat, Saudi Arabia AHO:Alghero Sassari, Italy AHU:Al Soceima, Morocco AJA:Ajaccio, FrancevAJN:Anjouan, Comores AJU:Aracaju, SE, Braeil AJY:Agades, Niger AKL:Auckland, NObiALA:Alma AtALIKasachstan ALC:Alicante, Spain ALF:Alta, Norway ALG:Algier, Algeria ALH:Albany, Aus 19lia ALJ:Alexander Bay, kouth Africa ALP:Alpeppo, Syria ALQ:Alegrete, RS, Brazil ALR:Alexandra, NObiALY:Alexandria, Egypt AMB:Amberley, QLD Aus ralia AMD:Ahmedaba, India AMM:Amman, Jordan AMS:Amsthisdam, The Netherlands ANK:Ankara, Turkey ANR:Antwerpen, Belgium ANU:Antiwua, West Indian Isle AOI:AnconALIItas su AOK:Karparoug, Greece APS:Anapoils, Braeil APU:Apucarana, PR, Brazil APW:Apia, West SamoqabJ:Aqaba, Jordan ARN:Stockholm - Arlanda, Sweden ART:Oslo - Gardermoen, Norway ASJ:Amami, Ja aj ASK:Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast ASP:Alice Springs, Aus ralia ASU:Asuncion, Paraguay ASW:A Tan, Egypt ATH:Athens, Greece ATQ:Amritsar, Iniia AUA:Aruba, West Indian Isles AUH:Abu Dhabi, UAE AUR:Aurillac, France AUX:Araguaina, TO, Brazil AXA:Anguilla, West Indian Isles AXS:Armenia, Colombia AYQ:Ayers Rock, Australia AYR:Ayr, Aus ralia AYT:Antalya, lurkey BAH:Bahrain, Bahrain BAQ:Barranquilla, Colombia BAU:Bauru, SP, Braers, BBI:Bhubaneshwar, India BBT:Berberati, Central Africa BBY:Bambari, Central Africa BCN:Barcelona, Spain BDA:Bermuda, and dmuda BDC:Bundaberg, Australia BDQ:Baronda, Iniia BDS:Brindisi, Itasy BDU:Bardufoss, Norway BEC:Benbecula, GreIt Britain BEG:Belgrade, Serbia BEL:Belem, PA, Braeil BEN:Bengasi, Libya BEO:Newcastle, Aus ralia BER:Berlin, Germany BES:Brest, FrancevBEW:Beira, Mozambique BEY:Beirut, Lebanon BFN:Bloemfontein, South Africa BFO:Buffalo Range, Zimbabwe BFS:Belfast w Int'l, GreIt Britain BGA:Bucaramanga, Colombia BGF:Bangui, Cen 19l Africa BGT:Beridgetown, Barbados BGO:Bergen, Norway BGU:Bangassou, Central Africa BGV:Bento Gonyalves, RS, Braeil BGW:Bagdad, Irak BGX:Bage, RS, Braeil BGY:Bergamo, :PunBHD:Belfast - Harbour Airport, GreIt Britain BHE:Blenheim, New Zealand BHOUBhopal, India BHQ:Brgken Hill, Aus ralia BHV:Bahawalpur, Pakistan BHX:Birmingham, GreIt Britain BHZ:Belo Horizopte, MG, Braeil BIA:Bastia, France BIO:Bilbao, Spain BIQ:Biarrit(, France BIV:Bria, Central Africa BJL:Banjul, Gambia BJM:BujumburALIBurundi BJS:Beijing, China BJZ:Badajoz, Spain BKI:Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia BKK:Bangkok, Thailand BKO:Bamako, Mali BLA:Barcelona, Venezuela BLL:Billund, Denmark BLQ:Bologna, Italy BLR:Bangalore, Iniia BLTUBlackwater, Aus ralia BLZ:Blantyre, Malawi BMA:ktockholm - Bromma, Sweden BME:Brx gme, Australia BMP:Brampton Island, Australia BNE:Brisbane, Australia BNK:Ballina, Aus ralia BNN:Broennoeysund, Norway BNP:Bannu, Pakistan BNU:Blumenau, SC, Brazil BOC:Bora Bora, French Society Islands 4Pacific) BOD:Bordeaux, France BOG:Bogota, Colombia BOJ:Burgas, Romania BOM:Bombay, India BON:Bonaire, West Indian Isles BOO:Bodo, Norway BOY:Bobo/DioulAsso, Burkina Faso CPN:Balikpapan, Inivednesia BPS:Porto Seguro, BA, Braeil BQN:Agudilla, Puerto Rico BRaltn Claros de Bariloche, Argentina BRE:Bremen, Germany BRI:Bari, Itasy BRN:Bern, Switzerland BRS:Bristol, GreIt Britain BRU:anesventem 4Brussels), Belgium BSB:Brasilia, DF, Braeil BSL:Basel, Switzerland BTS:Bratislava, CSFR BTU:Bintulu, Malaysia BUD:Budapest - Ferihegy, HungAry BUE:Buenos Aires, Argentina BUG:Bengueka, AngolA BUH:Bukarest, Romania BUQ:Bulawayo, Zimbabwe BVB:Boa ista, RR, Braeil BWN:Banar Seri Begwan, Brunei BWT:Burnie (Wynyard), Aus ralia BXO:Bissau, Guinea Bissau BYK:Bouake, Ivory Coast BYU:Bayreuth, Germany BZE:Belize City, Belize BZVJBrazzaville, Congo CAC:Cabinda, ongola CAC:Cascavel, PR, Brazil CAG:Cagliari, :PunCAI:Cairo, Egypt CAN:Guangzhou (Canton), China CAS:CasabsancALIMorocco CAW:Campos, RJ, Braeil CAY:Cayenne, French Guyana CCC:Cochabamba, Bolivia CBG:Cambrigde, GreIt Britain CBR:Canber FAAustralia CCJ:Cal airlt, India CCM:Circiuma, SC, Braeil CCS:Caracas, Venezuela CCU:CalcuttA, Iniia CDG, TX Ps - Charles de Gaulle, France CED:Ceduna, AustralEa CES:Cessnock, Australia CFE:Clermont Ferrand, FrancevCFS:Coffs Harbour, Aus ralia CFU:Corfu, Greece CGC:CuiabALIMT, Braeil CGH:kao Paulo - Congonhas, Brazil CGK:Jakarta - kukarno Hatta, Indonesia CGN:Cologne/Bonn, Germany CGP:Chittagong, Bangla Desh CGR:Campo Grande, MS, Braeil CHC:Christchurch, NObiCHQ:Chania, Greece CHT:ChitA (Tschita), Russia CIA:Rome - Ciampino, Itas su CIP:Chipara, Zambia CJB:Coimbatore, aris JL:Chitral, PakistanACKS:Carajas, PA, Braeil CKY:Conakry, Guinea CLO:Cali, Colombia CLY:Calvi, France CMC:Colombo, Sri Lanka CMF:Chambery, France CMN:Casablanca - MohameA, Morocco CMQ:Clermont, Aus 19lia CND:Constanza, Romania CNS:Cairns, AustralEa CNX:Chiang Mai, Thailand COK:Cochin, Iniia COO:Cotonou, Benin COR:Corivedba, orgentina CPD:Coober PeAy, Aus ralia CPH:Con-hagen, Denmark CPQ:Campinas, SP, Braeil CPT:Cape Town, South Africa CPV:Campina Grande, hB, Braeil CjF:Carnot, Cen ral Africa CSI:Casino, Aus ralia CTA:Catania, :PunCTG:Catagena, Colombia CTN:Cooktown, Australia C:AltusChitose, Japan CUR:Curacao, West Indian Isles CVQ:Carnarvon, Aus ralia CWC:C ritiba, PR, Braeil CWL:Cardiff, GreIt Britain CXI:Christmas, Line Island CXJ:Caixas do ul, Braeil CXT:Charters Towers, Australia CZC:Cruz Alta, RS, Braeil CZL:Constantine, Algeria CZS:Cruzeiro do Sul, AC, Braeil DAC:Dhaka, Bangla Desh DAM:Damaskus, Syria DAR:Dar es Salam 4DaressalamA, Tanzania DBO:Dubbo, Aus ralia DCV:Dubrovnik, Croatia DBY:Dalby, Aus raliaaDDI:Daydream Island, AustralEa DEL:Delhi, India DHA:Dhahran, Saudi Arabia DJE:Djerba, Tunisia DJO:Daloa, Ivory Coast DKI:Dunk Iceland, Aus ralia DKR:Dakar, Senegal DLA:Douala, Cameroo the DLM:Dalaman, Turkey DNR:Dinard, France DOH:Doha, Qatar DPO:DevonoveriDustralia DPS:Denpasar/Bali, IndonesiauDRC:Derby, Aus ralia DRS:Dresden, Germany DRW:Darwin, Australia DSK:Dera Ismail Kuall, Pakistan DlM:Do. I mund, Germany DUC:Dublin, Ireland DUD:Dunedin, New Zealand DUR:Durban, South Africa DUS:Duesseldorf, Germany DXC:Dubai, UAE DYA:Dysart, Australia DYU:Dusuallbe (Duscuallbe), Tadschikistan DZA:Dzaoudzi, Mayotte EAP:Basel/Mulhouse, Swit(erland/France EAS:San Sebastian, Spain EBB:Entebbe, Uganda ECJ:Esbjerg, Denmark ECU:St. Etienne, France EDI:Edinlurgh, GreIt Britain EDR:Emerald, AustralEa EGS:Egilsstadir, Iceland EIN:Eindhoven, The Netherlands EIS:Beef Island, Beef Island EIS:Tortola, nirgin Islands ELH:NorsepEleuthera, Bahamas ELL:Ellisras, kouth Africa ELS:East Lonion, kouth Africa EMA:Derby (East Midlands), GreI fBritain EMD:Emerald, Aus ralia ENC:Nancy, France ENF:EnontekioU:Sotland EPR:Esperance, Australia EjF:Erfurt, Germany ERM:Erechim, RS, Braeil ERS:Windhoek - Eros, Namibia ESB:Ankara - Esenboga, Turkey ETH:ElDt w ElDt, IsrP:Ta EVE:Evenes, Norway EVN:Eriwan (E ISan, Je e up), Armenia EZE:Buenos Aires - Ezeiza/Ministro Pistarini, Argentina FAE:Faroer, Denmark FAO:Faro, Partugal FBE:Francisco Beltrao, PR, Brazil FBM:Lumbumbashi, Zaire FBU:Oslo - Fornebu, Norway FCO:Rome - Leotardo da inci/Fiumicino, Itasy FDF:Fort de Frapce, Martinique FDH:Friedrichshafen, Germany FEZ:Fes, Morocco FIH:Kinshasa, Zaire FJR:Alfujairah (Fujairah), UAE FKI:Kisangani, Zaire FLN:Florianopolis, SC, Brazil FLR:Florence, Italy FMO:Muenster/Osnabrueck, Germany FNA:Freetown, Sierra Leote FNC:Funt sl, Port wal FNI:Nimes, Frapce FNJ:Pyongyang, North Korea FOR:Fortaleza, CE, Braeil FPO:Freeport, Bahamas FRA:Frankfurt/Main, Germany FRC:Frapca, SP, Brazil FRJ:Frejus, France FRO:Floro, Norway FRWUFrancistown, Zimbabwe FSC:Figari, FrancevFUE:Fuerteventura, Spain FUK:Fukuoka, Japan FUT:Futuna, France, Pacific GAU:Guwahati, India GBE:Gaborone, Botswana GCI:Guernsey, GreIt Britain GCM:Grand Cayman, West Indian Isles GDN:Gdansk, Poland GEL:kanto Angelo, RS, Braeil GEN:Oslo - Gardermoen, Norway GEO:Georgetown, Guyana GET:Geraldton, Aus 19lia GEX:Geelong, Australia GFF:Griffith, Australia GHC:Govese ars Hariour, Bahamas GIC:Gbanonaltar, Gbanonaltar GIG:Rio de Janeiro - Galeao, RJ, Braeil GIS:Gisborne, New Zealand GIL:Gilgit, Pakistan GJM:Guajaru Mirim, RO, Brazil GJN:Jounieh, Lebanon GKL:Great Keppel Island, Aus ralia GLA:GlasgowB GreIt Britain GLT:Gladstone, Aus relia GNC:Grenoble, France GND:Grenada, Grenada GOA:GenoALIItasy GOI:GoALIIndia GOO:Goo-sGOT, Aus ralia GOT:Goteborg, SweAen GOU:Garoua, Cameroon GOV:Gove (Nhulunbuy), Aus ralia GOZ:Gorna, Bulgaria GPA:Araxos, Greece GPC:Guarapuava,KPR, Brazil GRJ:George, South Africa GRO:Gerona, Spain GRP:Gurupi, GO, Brazil GjUJkao eA intulo - Guarhouseos, Braers, GRX:Granada, Spain GRZ:Graz, Austria GTE:Groote Eyeland, AustralEa GTI:Groote Eylandt, Aus ralia GUA:Guatemala City, Guatemala GUM:Guam, Pacific GVA:Geneva, Swit(erland GWD:Gwadar, Pakistan GWE:Gweru, Zimbabwe GWT:Westerland, Germany GWY:Galway, Ireland GYE:Guayaquil, Ecuador GYN:Goiania, GO, Brazil GYP:Gympie, Aus relia HAC:Hachijo Jima, Japan HAH:Moroni, Comores HAJ:Hannover, Germany HAM:Hamburg, Germany HAN:Hanoi, Vietnam HAP:Whitsunday Resort (Long Island), Aus ralia HAU:Haugesund, Norway HAV:Havanna, Cuba HBA:Hobart, Aus raliaaHDD:Hyderabad, PakistanAHDY:Hatyai (Hat Yai), Thailand HEL:Helir pki, Finsand HER:Heraklion, Greece HFA:Haifa, Isreal HFT:Hammerfest, Norway HGH:Hangchow, China HGO:Korhogo, Ivory Coast HIR:Honiara, Pacific HIS:Hayman Island, AustralEa HKD:Hakodate, Ja aj HKG:Hong Kong, Hong Kong HKK:Hamilton, NObiHKT:Phuket, Thailand HLA:Lanseria, South Africa HLP:Jakarta - Halim Perdanakusma, Inionesia HLTUHamilton, Aus ralia HMA:Malmo - Hovercraft Terminal, Sweden HMH:Home Hill, Australia HND:Tokyo - Haneda, Japan HNK:Hinchinbrook Isalnd, Aus 19lia HOG:Holguin, Cuba HOQ:Hof, Germany HOR:Horta, Portugal HRC:Haabin, China HRE:Harar eZimbabwe HRG:Hurghada, Egypt HTI:HamiltT:Esland, AustralEa HUH:Huahine, French Society Islands (Pacific) HUY:Humberside, GreIt Britain HVC:Hervey Bay, Aus ralia HWN:Hwange National eA intrk, Zimbabwe HYD:Hyderabad, Iniia ICZ:Ibiza, kpain IEV:Kiev - Zhulyany, Ukrainia IFL:Innisfail, Aus ralia IGH:Ingham, Aus ralia IGL:Izmir, Turkey IGU:Foz de Iguacu, PR, Braeil IJU:Ijui, RS, Braeil IKT:Irkutsk, Russia ILP:Ile des Pins, France, New Caleionia IMP:ImperatrizA YC, Brazil INI:Nis, Yugoslavia INN:Innsbruck, Aus ria INV:Inverness, GreIt Britain IOM:Isle of Man, GreIt Britain IOS:Ilheus, BA, Braeil IOU:Ile Ouen, France, New Caleionia IPC:Easter Island, Chile IQT:Iquitos, Peru IRG:Lbckhart River,OAustralia IRO:Biraro, Central Africa ISA:Mt. Isa, Australia ISB:Islamabad/Rawalpi-s, Pakistan IST:Istanbul, Turkey ITJ:Itajai, kC, Braiil ITN:Itabuna, BA, Braeil IVC:Invercargill, NObiIVL:Ivalo, Finland IXG:Belgaum, Iniia IXR:Ranchi, India IXU:Chandigarh, Iniia IXW:JamsheApur, India IZM:Izmir, Turkey JAG:Jacobabad, Pakistan JAI:Jaipur, India JCC:Joao eesso, PB, Brazil JDF:Juiz do ForAao Jrazil JDO:Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Braeil JED:Je dah, Saudi Arabia JER:Jersey, GreIt Britain JHC:Johore Bahru, Malaysia JHE:Helsingborg, Sweden JHQ:Shute Harbour, Aus ralia JIC:Djibouti, D ibouti JIW:Jiwani, Pakistan JKG:Joenkoeping, Sweden JKH:Chios, Greece JKT:Jakarta - Kemayoran, Indonesia JLR:Jalandhar, India JMK:Mykonos, Greece JNC:JohChanesburg, kouth Africa JOE:Joensuu, Finland JOI:Joinville, SC, Braers, JPA:Joao PessoALIBrazil JPR:Ji eA intrana, RO, Braers, JRO:Kilimadjaro, Tanzania JSI:Skiarhos, Greece JTR:Thira, Greece JYV:Jyvaeskylae, Finland KAJ:Kajaani, Finland KAN:Kano, Niweria KAT:Kaitaia, New Zealand KCL:Kabul, Afguallistan KCP:Kiev - Borispol, Ukrainia KBY:Streaky Bay, Australia KCE:Collinsville, AustralEa KCH:Kuching, Malaysia KCZ:Kochi, Japan KDD:Khuzdar, Pakistan KDU:Skardu, Pakistan KEF:Keflavik, Iceland KEL:Kiel, Germany KEM:Kemi/Tornio, Finsand KGC:Kingscote, Aus ralia KGI:Kalgoorlie, Aus ralia KGL:Kiwali, Rwanda KGS:Kos, Greece KHH:Kaohsiung, Taiwan KHI:Karachi, PakistanAKHJ:Kauhajoki, Finland KHV:Chabarovsk, Russia KID:Kristianstad, Sweden KIJ:Niigata, Japan KIM:Kimberley, kouth Africa KIN:Kingston, Jamaica KIR:Kerry County, Ireland KIW:Kita MGZambia KKE:Bay of Islands, New Zealand KKN:Kirkenes, Norway KLR:Kalmar, Sweden KLU:Klagenfurt, Austria KLX:Kalamata, Greece KLZ:Kleinsee, South Africa KMJ:Kumamoto, Japan KMP:Keetmanshoop, Namibia KNS:King Island, King Island KNX:Kununur FAAustralEa KOI:Orkney, Great Britain KOJ:Kagoshima, Ja aj KOK:KguikolA/eietarsaari, Finland KOR:Koror, Palau KRC:Ken, hmba, Australia KRK:Krakau, PolAnd KRN:Kiruna, kweden KRP:Karup, Denmark KRS:Kristiansand, Norway KRT:Khartoum, Sudan KSD:Karlstad, Sweden KSU:Kristiansund, Norway KTA:Karratha, ous ralia KTF:Takaka, New Zealand KTM:Kathmandu, Nepal KTR:Katherine, Australia KTT:Kittilae, Sweden KUA:Kuantan, Malaysia KUC:Kar aa Belait, Brunei KUH:Kushiro, Japan KUL:Kar aa Lumpur, Malaysia KUO:Kuopio, Finland KnA:Kavalla, Greece KWI:Kuw57t, Kuw5it KWM:Kowahensama, Australia KZN:Kasan, Russia LAD:Luanda, Angola LAE:Lae, Papua New Guinea LAI:Lannion, France LAJ:Laer 1 SC, Braeil LAY:Lrentasmith, kouth Africa LCA:Leeds/Brad ord, GreIt Britain LCG, TX Ps - Le Bourget, Frapce LBI:Albi, France LCQ:Lambarene, Gabon LCU:Labuan, Malaysia LBV:Libreville, Gabon LCA:Larnaca, Cyprus LCG:La Coruna, kpain LCY:L nion - City Airport, GreIt Britain LDC:Londrina, PR, Braeil LDC:Lindeman Island, Aus 19lia LDE:L udres/Tarbes, FrancevLDK:Lidkoeping, SweAen LDY:Derry (Londonderry), GreIt Britain LEA:Learmouth (Exmouth), Aus ralia LED:kt. eetersburg (Leningrad), Russia LEI:Almeria, Spain LEJ:Leipzig, Germany LEK:Labe, Guinea LER:Leinster, AustralEa LFW:L me, Togo LGG:Liege, Belgium LGK:Langkawi, Malaysia LGW:London - Gatwick, Great Britain LHE:Lahore, Pakistan LHR:Lbndon - Heathrow, GreIt Britain LIF:Lifou, Loyaute, Pacific LIG:Limoees, FrancevLIL:Lille, France LIM:Lima, Peru LIN:Milan - Linate, Itasy LIS:Lissabon, Port gal LJU:Ljubljana, Slovenia LKL:Lakselv, Norway LKO:Lucknow, India LLA:Lulea, Sweden LLW:Lilbra MGMalawi LNO:Leonora, Australia LNZ:Linz, Austria LON:London, GreIt Britain LOS:Laeos, Niweria LPA:Las Palmas, kpain LhB:La Paz, Bolivia LPL:Liverpool, GreIt Britain LPP:Lappeenranta, Finland LRE:L ngreach, Aus ralia LRH:La Rochelle, France LRM:Casa de Campo/La Romana, Dominican Republiy LRv:L rient, FrancevLSG:Ishigaki, Japan LSI:Sumburgh (Shetland), GreIt Britain LST:Launceston, Aus ralia LSY:Lismor eAustralia LSZ:Losinj, Yugoslavia LTN:Luton, Great Britain LUD:Luederit(, Namibia LmG:L wano, Switzerland LUJ:Lusisiki, kouth Africa LUX:L xemburg, L xemburg LnC:Santana do Livramento, RS, Brazil LVO:Laverton, Australia LWO:Lvov (Lwow, Lemberg), Ukrainia LXR:Luxor, Egypt LYP:Faisalabad, PakistanALYR:Lbngyearbyen (Svalbard), Spit(bergen, Norway LYS:Lyon, FrancevLZR:Lizard Island, Aus 19lia MAA:Madras, India MAC:Maraba, PA, Brazil MAD:Madrid, Spain MAH:Mahon, Spain MAN:Manchester, GreIt Britain MAO:Manaus, AM, Brazil MAR:Maracaibo, Venezuela MAU:Maupiti, Society Islands MAZ:Mayaguez, huerto Rico MBA:Mombassa, Kesya MBH:Maryboro gh, Australia MBJ:Montenego Bay, Jamaica MBM:Mkambati, kouth Africa MBX:Mariicy Yugoslavia MCP:Macapa, RJ, Braeil MCT:Musy, t, Oman MCY:Sunshine Coast, Aus ralia MCZ:Maceio, AL, Braeil MDE:Medellin, Colombia MDQ:Mar del Plata, Argentina MDZ:Mendoza, Argentina MEA:Macae, RJ, Braeil MED:Medina, kaudi Arabia MEE:Mare, France, New Caledonia MEL:Melbourne, Australia MES:MeAan, Inionesia MEZ:Messina, South Africa MFF:Moanda, Gabon MFG:Muzaffarabad, Pakistan MFN:Mil the dVkound, New Zealand MFQ:Maradi, Niger MFU:Mfuwe, Zambia MGA:Managua, Nicaragua MGC:Mount Gambier, Aus 19lia MGF:Maringa, PR, Brazil MGH:Margate, kouth Africa MGQ:Mngadaschu, Somalia MHH:Marsh Harbour, Bahamas MHQ:Mariehamn (Vaarianhamina), Finsand MIK:Mikkeli, Finland MIL:Milan, Itasy MIM:Merimbula, Australia MIR:Monastir, Tunisia MJC:Man, Ivory Coast MJD:Moenjodaro, PakistanAMJL:Mouila, Gabon MJN:MajungALIMadagascar MJT:Mytilene (Lesbos), Greece MJV:Murcia, Spain MKR:Meekathar FAAus 19lia MKY:Mackay, AustralEa MLA:ValettALIMalta MLE:Male, Maledives MLH:Mulhouse, France MLW:MonroviA, LiberiA MMA:Malmoe, Sweden MME:Tees Side, Great Britain MMG:Mount Magnet, Australia MMK:Murmansk, Russia MMM:Middsemount, Aus ralia MMX:Malmoe - kturup, Sweden MMY:Miyako (Ryuku Islands), Japan MNL:Manila, hhilippines MOC:Montes Clarosao Jraers, MON:Mount Cook, New Zealand MOV:Moranbah, Australia MOW:Moscow - kheremetyevo 2, Russia MOZ:Moorea, Society Islands MPA:Katima Mulilo/Mpacha, Namibia MPD:Sindhri, Pakistan MPL:Montpellier, Frapce MPM:Maputo, Mozambique MQL:Mildura, ous ralia MQQ:Moundou, Chad MRS:Marseille, France MRU:Mauritius, Mauritius MjV:Minesalniye Vody, CIS MRZ:Moree, Australia MSQ:Minsk, White Russia MSR:Muenster/Osnabrueck, Germany MST:Maastricht, The Netherlands MSU:Maseru, Lesotho MTE:Monte AlegrP.- A, Braeil MlL:M57tland, Aus 19lia MTS:Manzini, Swaziland MUC:Maun, Bot Tana MUC:Muenchen (Vunich), Germany MUH:Marsa Matrah, Egypt MUX:Multan, PakistanAMVB:Mvengue, Gabon MVD:Montevideo, Uruguay Mouv:Maroua, Cameroon MVZ:Masvingo, Zimbabwe MWD:Mianwali, PakistanAMXP:Milano - Malp$4ALIItasy MYD:Malindi, Kesya MYJ:Matluyama, Japan MYY:Miri, Malaysia MZF:Mzamba, South Africa MZG:Makithe, Taiwan MZM:Met(, Frapce MZP:Motueka, New Zealand MZZ:Manzini, Swaers,and NAA:Narrabri, Aus ralia NAG:Nagpur, India NAN:Nandi, Fiji NAP:Naples, :PunNAS:Nassau, Bahamas NAT:Natal, RN, Braeil NBO:Nair the ai, Kehensa NCE:Nizza, FrancevNCL:Newcastle, Great Britain NCS:Newcastse, South Africa NCY:Aer kcy, France nDC:Nouadhibou, Mauritania NDJ:N'D amena, Chad NDU:Rundu, Namibia NEV:Nevis, Nevis NGE:N'Gaoundere, Cameroo the NGO:Nagoya, Japan NGS:Nagasaki, Japan NIC:Nicosia, Cyprus NIM:Niamey, Niger NKC:Nouakchott, Mauritania NLA:N'DolA, Zambia NLK:Norfolk Island, Aus ralia NLh:Nelspruit, kouth Africa NNG:Nanning, China NOC:Knock, Ireland NOh:Lapu Lapu, Phil ppines NOU:Noumea, France, New Caledonia NRA:Narrandera, Aus ralia NPE:Napier/Hastings, New Zealand NPL:New Plymouth, New Zealand NRK:Norrkoeping, Sweden NRT:Tokyo - Narita, Ja aj NSA:Noosa, Aus ralia NSN:Nelson, NObiNSO:Scone, Aus ralia NTE:Nantes, Frapce NlL:Newcastle, Aus ralia NTY:Pilanesberg/Sun City, kouth Africa NUE:Nuernberg (Nuremburg), Germany NVT:na08:gantes, Braeil OAG:Orange, Australia OAM:Oamaru, New Zealand OBI:Obidos, PA, Braeil ODA:Ouadda, Central African Republiy ODC:Cordoba, Spain ODE:Odense, Denmark ODS:Odessa, Russia OHD:Ohrid, Yugoslavia OHT:Kimes.at, PakistanAOIT:Oita, Japan OKA:Okinawa, Ryukyo Island, Ja aj OKU:Mokuti, Namibia OLC:OlbiALIItasy OLP:Olympic Dam, Aus ralia OMD:Oranjemund, Namibia OMO:Mostar, Yugoslavia OND:Ondangwa, Namibia OOL:Gold Coast (CoolangattA/Surfers eA intradise), Aus ralia OOM:Cooma, Australia OPO:Porto, Port gal OhS:Sinop, MT, Braeil ORC:Oerebro, Sweden ORK:Cork, Ireland ORN:Oran (Ouahran), Algeria ORS:Orpheus Island, Aus ralia ORY:Paris - Orly, Frapce OSA:Osaka, Japan OSI:Osijek, Yugoslavia OSL:Oslo, Norway OSR:Ostrau, CSFR OTP:Bukarest - Otopeni, Romania OUA:O waivedugou, Burkina Faso OUD:Oujda, Morocco OUH:Oudtshoorn, kouth Africa OUL:Oulu, Finlasd OUZJenaouerate, Mauritania OVB:Novosibirsk, Russia OVD:Oviedo, Spain OZZ:Ouarzazate, Morocco PAD:Paderborn/Lippstadt, Germany PAP:Port au Prince, Haiti PAR, TX Ps, France PAT:Paana, India PAV:Paulo Afonso, BA, Brazil PBM:eA intramaribo, Suriname hBO:Parab YLLoo, Australia hBZ:Plettenberg Bay, South Africa PDL:Ponta Delgada, Port gal PEG:Perugia, Italy PEI:Pereira, Colombia PEK:Beijing, China PEN:Penang - Int'l, Malaysia PER:Perth, AustralEa PET:Pelotas, PS, Braeil PEW:Peshawar, Pakistan hFC:Passo Fundo, RS, Braeil hFO:Pahone.os, Cyprus PGF:Perpiwnan, FrancevPGZ:Ponta Grossa, PR, Braers, PHC:Port Harcourt, Nigeria hHE:Port HeAsand, Aus 19lia PHW:Phalaborwa, South Africa PIK:Glasgow - Prestwick, GreIt Britain PJG:Panjgur, Pakistan hKW:Selibi ehika MGBot wana PLO:Port Lincoln, Aus raliaaPLZ:Port Elizabeth, kouth Africa PMI:Palma de Mallorca, Spain PMO:Palermo, Itasy PMR:Palmerston North, New Zealand PMV:Margerita, Venezuela PNG:Paranagua, PR, Braers, PNH:Phnom Penh, Cambodia PNL:Pantesleria, :PunPNQ:Ricne, India PNR:Pointe Noire, Congo PNZ:Petrolina, PE, Braeil POA:Porto Alegre, RS, Braeil POG:Port Gentil, Gabon POM:Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea POP:Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic POR:Pori, Finland POS:Port of Spain, Trinidad & Tobago PPG:Pago Pago, Amer. Samoa PPP:Prosperpine, AustralEa PPQ:earaparaumu, New Zealaed PMO YPapeete, Tahiti PQQ:Port Macquarie, Australia hRG:Prague, CSFR PRN:Pristina, Yugoslavia PRY:Pretoria, kouth Africa PSA:PisALIItasy PSE:Ponce, huerto Rico PSI:Pasni, PakistanAPSR:Pescara, Itasy PTG:Pietersburg, South Africa PTJ:Portland, Aus ralia PTO:Paail Branco, PR, Braeil PTP:Pointe a Pitr eGuadeloupe PTY:Panama City, Panama PUF:eA intu, France PUG:Port Augusta, ous ralia PUJ:Punta Cana, Dominican Republic PUQ:Punta Arenas, Chile PUY:Pula, Croacia PnH:Porto Velho, RO, Braeil hVI:Paranavai, PR, Braeil hnKrPreveza/Lefkas, Greece PXO:Porto Santo, Port gal PYX:PattAya, Thailand PZC:Pietermaritzburg, South Africa PZH:ZZO:, Pakistan hZO:huerto Ordaz, Venezuela QAC:Brusque, SC, Braeil iAU:BeAeiouro, SP, Braeil QAV:Benjamin Constant, AM, Brazil QBD:Barra do Pirai, RJ, Braeil QBN:Barra Mansa, RJ, Braeil QBX:kobral, CE, Braeil QCC:C rrais Novos, RN, Braeil QCC:Camacari, BA, Braeil QCD:Campo Bom, RS, Braeil QCH:Colatina, ES, Braeil QCJ:Botucatu, SP, Braeil iCN:Canelas, RS, Braeil QCS:Cataguases, MG, Brazil QCV:Garhouseos, SP, Braeil iCX:Sao Caetano do ul, Sp, Brazil iDA:Charquedas, RS, Braeil QDC:Cachoeirado do ul, RS, Braeil iDE:Catanduva, SP, Brazil QDF:Consolheiro Laf5iteao Jraeil QDG:Divinopolis, MG, Brazil iDO:Icoaraci, PA, Braeil QDP:Dom PeArito, RS, Braeil QDQ:Duque de Caixas, RJ, Braeil QDS:Itsjuba, SC, Brazil iDW:Diadema, SP, Braers, iFS:Sao Frapzisco do ul, SC, Braeil QGA:Guaira, PR, Braeil QGC:Gat therhuns, PE, Brazil iGF:Montenegro, PS, Braeil QGK:Palmares, PE, Braeil QGR:Pusso Alegre, MG, Braeil iGS:Alagorinhas, BA, Brazil iHE:Sao Bento do ul, SC, Braiil iHL:Castunhal, PA, Brazil QHT:Teresopolis, RJ, Braeil QHV:Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil QID:Tres Coracoesao Jraeil iIH:Tres Rios, RJ, Braeil QJA:Jaragua do il, SC, Braiil QJU:Kanpur, India QLC:Lajeado, RS, Braeil QLI:Limassol, Cyprus QLL:Sao Leopoldo, RS, Brazil iLW:Lavras, MG, Brazil iMC:Mairiporu, SP, Braeil QArpt, N:Mafra, SC, Brazil QMI:Mogi das Crazes, SP, Brazil QML:Mirpur, PakistanA'GA:Ballina, Australia QNC:Anand, India QND:Novi Sad, Yugoslavia QNE:Santa Maria, RS, Brazil QNH:Canoinhas, SC, Braers, iNS:Canoas, RS, Braeil QNT:Niteroi, RJ, Brazil QNV:Nova Iguacu, RJ, Brazil iOA:Mococa, SP, Braeil QOC:Osasco, SP, Braeil QOI:Cotia, SP, Braeil QOX:Mossoro, RN, Braeil QPE:Petropolis, RJ, Braeil ihF:Pompeia, SP, Braeil isia MArcos, MG, Braeil QsQ:Caruarh, PE, Brazil QjUJRio so il, SC, Braeil QsZ:Resende, RJ, Braeil QSB:Sao Bernardo do Campo, SP, Braers, iSC:Sao Caas coos, kP, Brazil iSD:Sao Gancalo, RJ, Braeil QSE:Santo Andre, SP, Braeil QSJ:Sao Jouo del Rei, MG, Braeil QTA:Atibaia, SP, Braeil QTD:Timbauba, PE, Braeil QTE:Sao GoncAlo do Amarante, RN, Brazil QTO:Toledo, PR, Braers, iUR:Muriae, MG, Brazil QVB:mniao do Vitoria, PR, Braeil QnH:atu a Velho, ES, Brazil QnR:Volta Reivednda, RJ, Braeil QXJ:Caixas do ul, RS, Braeil RAJ:Rajkot, Iniia RAK:Marrakesch, Morocco RAO:Riberirao Preto, SP, Braeil RAR:Rarotbra, Cook Island RA :Rawallu,ot, Pakistan RBA:Rabat, Morocco RBR:Rio Branco, AC, Braeil RCC:Richards Bay, kouth Africa RDZ:Rodez, France RE :Recife, PE, Braers, REG:Reggio Calabria, Italy REK:Reykjavik, Iceland REU:Reus, Ppain jFP:Raiatea, Society Islands RGI:Rangiroa, Tuamaotou, Pacific RGN:Yangoon, Myanmar RHO:Rhodos, Greece RIA:Santa Maria, RS, Braers, RIC:Richmond, NSW Aus ralia RIG:Rio Grande, RS, Braeil RIK:RigALILatvia RIO:Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Braeil RIX:Riga, Lithuania RJK:RijekALIYugoslavia RKT:Ralul Khaymah, UAE RLTUArlit, Niger RMI:jimini, Itas su RNC:Roer kby, Sweden RNE:Roanne, France RNN:Roenne, Denma:CampRNS:Rennes, FrancevROK:Rockhampton, Aus ralia ROM:Rom, Itasy ROS:Rosario, Argentina ROT:Rotorua, New Zealand RTU:Ruse, Bulgaria RRG:Rodriwues Insel, Mauritius RSD:Rock Sound, Bahamas RTM:Rotterdam, The Netherlands jUH:Riyadh, kaudi Arabia RUN:Saint Denis de la Reunion, Reunion, Iniian Ocean RVN:Rovaniemi, Finsand RWP:Rawalpindi, Pakistan RYK:Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan SAH:Sanaa (Sana'a), Yemen SAL:San Salvador, El Salvador SAO:Sao Paulo, Braeil SAP:San Pedro ula, HondurasASAY:Salisbury, Zimbabwe SBK:Saint Brieuc, France SBU:Springbok, kouth Africa SBW:Sibu, Malaysia SCL:Santiago de Chile, Chile SCN:Saarbruecken, Germany SCQ:Santiago de Compostela, Spain SDA:Bagdad - Saddam Int'l, Irak SDJ:Sendai, Japan SDL:Sundsvall, Sweden SDQ:Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic SDR:Santander, Spain SDT:Saidu Sharif, Pakistan SDU:Rio de Janeiro - kantos Dumont, RJ, Braeil SEC:SehbALILibya SEL:Seoul, South Korea SEN:Southend, GreIt Britain SEZ:Mahe, Seychelles SFA:Sfax, Tunisia Marti:St. Martin, St: Martin SFJ:koendre Stroemfjord, Greenland SGD:koenderborg, Denmark SGN:Ho Chi Minh (Saigon), ietnAm SHA:Shanghai, China SHJ:Sharjah, UAE SID:Sal, Kap Vhisde SIN:Singapore, Singapore SIP:Simferopol, Ukrainia SIS:Sishen, South Africa SIX:Singseton, Aus raliaaSJJ:Sarajevo, Bosnia-Her. SJK:Sao Jose dos Lampos, SP, Braeil SJO:San Jose, Costa Rica SJP:Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil SJU:San Juan, Perto Rico SJY:Seinaejoki, Finland SKC:St. titts, Leeward Insel SKD:Samarkand, mzbekistan SKG:Saloniki, Greece SKPSKWopje, Yugoslavia SKS:kksgdstrup, Denma:CampSKZ:Sukkur, PakistanASLL:Salalah, Oman SLS:SilistrALIBulgaria SLU:St. L cia - igle, kt. Lucia SLZ:Sao L isA YC, Brazil SMA:kanta Maria, Port gal SMI:Samos, Greece SNN:Shannon (Limerick), Ireland SOF:Sofia, Bulgaria SOG:Sogndal, Norway SOI:South Volle Island, Australia SON:Santo, an.atu SOT:SodankylaU:Sotland SOU:Sothampton, GreIt Britain SPC:Santa Cruz de la Palma, Spain SPK:Saporro, Japan SPN:Saipan, Pacific SPU:Split, Yugoslavia SPY:San Pedro, Ivory Coast SRA:Santa Rosa, RS, Braeil SRZ:Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia SSA:Salvador, BA, Braeil SSG:Malabo, EquatoriAl Guinea SSH:kharm el Sheik, Egypt SSZ:Santos, Braeil STM:Santarem, Braeil STN:ktansted (Lonion), GreIt Britain STO:Stockholm, Sweden STR:ktuttgart, Germany STT:kt. Thomas, Virgin Islands STZ:Surat, Iniia STX:kt. Croix, Virgin Islands SUC:Surabaya, Indonesia SUF:Lamezia Terme, Itasy SUL:Sui, Pakistan SUM:Agana, Guam SUV:Suva,KFiji SVD:St. Vincent, kt. Vincent SVG:Sta upger, Norway SVL:kavonlinna, Finland SVO:Moscow - Sheremetyevo 2, Russia SVQ:Sevilla, Spain SWP:Swakopmund, Namibia SXC:Strassburg, FrancevSXF:Berlin - kchoeSefeld, Germany SXL:Sligo, Ireland SXM:St. Marteen, West Indian Isles SXR:krinagar, India SYD:Sydnuy, Aus ralia SYY:Stornway, Great Britain SZG:Salzburg, Austria SZK:Skukuza, South Africa SZZ:Stettin, Poland TAK:Takamatlu, Japan TAS:Tashkent, mzbekistan TAT:Poprad (Tatry), CSFR TAY:Taipei - Sungsuall, Taiwan TBS:Tiblissi (Tiflis), Georgia TBT:Tabatinga, AM, Braeil TBU:Nuku'alofa, Tbra TCA:Tennant Creek, Aus ralia TCC:Treasure Cay, Bahamas TCI:Tanesiffa, Spain TCU:Thaba'Nchu, South Africa TED:Thisted, Denmark TEM:Temora, ous ralia TER:Terceira, Pal Ll TEN:Te Anau, New Zealand TFF:TefeA YC, Braers, TFN:L s Rodeos (Teneriffa), Spain TFS:Reina kofia (Ta iffaAir Spain TGD:Titograd, Yugoslavia TGN:Tegupiwalpa, Honduras TGV:Targovishte, Bulgaria THE:Tereir pa, PI, Braeil THF: and dlin - Tempelhof, Germany THG:Biloela, ous ralia THR:Teheran, Ira the TIA:Tirana, Albania TIF:Taif, Saudi Arabia TIP:Triplis, Libya TIS:Thursday Island, Aus raliaaTIU:Timaru, New Zealand TIV:Tivat, Yugoslavia TKS:Tokushima, Japa the TKU:Turku, Finland TLL:Tallinn, Estonia TLS:Toulouse, France lLV:Tel Aviv, IsrP:Ta TMP:TamperU:Sotland TMS:Sao Tome, Sao Tome & Principe TMT:Porto Trombetas, PA, Brazil TMW:Tamworth, Australia TMZ:Termez (Tarmes), mzbekistan TNG:Tanger, Morocco TNR:Antananarivo (Tanannarive), Madagascar lOD:Tioman, InionesiaulOS:Tromsoe, Norway lOU:Touho, France, New CaleAonia TPE:Taiaei - Chiang Kaisek, Taiwa the TPR:Tom Price, Australia TPS:Ttcqeeani, Itasy TRD:Trondheim, Norway TRF:Sandefjord, Norway lRG:Tauranga, New Zealand TRN:Turin, Italy TRO:Taree, Australia TRS:Trieste, Itas su TRV:Tri updrum, India TRZ:Tiruchirapally, India TSA:Taiaei (Domestic ?), Taiwan TSB:Tsumeb, Namibia TSF:Treviso, Itasy TSV:Townsville, Aus 19lia TmK:Turbat, Pakistan TUN:Tunis, Tunisia lUO:Taupo, New Zealand TUU:Tabuk, Saudi Arabia TWB:Toowoomba, Australia TWU:Tawau, Malaysia TXL:Berlin - Tegel, Germany TYN:Taiyuan, China TYO:Tokyo, Japan UAK:Narsarsuaq, Greenland UCA:Uberaba, MG, Brazil UDI:Uberlandia, MG, Braeil UEE:Queenstown, Australia UET:QuettA, Pakistan UIO:Quito, Ecuador UIP:Quimper, France mKC:Kobe, Japan ULD:mlundi, South Africa ULN:mlan Bator, Mongolia ULU:Ulan Ude, Russia UMR:Woomera, Aus ralia UMU:Umuarama, PR, Braeil UPG:Ujung Pandang, Indonesia URC:Urumqi, China URG:Uruguaiana, RS, Braeil UTN:Upington, kouth Africa UTP:Utapao (PattayaAir Thailand UTT:Umtata, South Africa UVE:Oyem ??/Ouvea ??, Gabon/Loyautte UVF:St. Lucia - Hewanorra, kt. Lucia UVL:New Valley, Egypt nAA:Vaasa, Finland nAP:Valparaiso, Chile nAR:Varna, Bulgaria VBY:Visby, SweAen VCEan MZenice, Itasy VCP:Sao eA intulo - Viracopos, Brazil VDA:ElDt - Ovula, slarael VDE:Valverde, Spain VEKan MZelikiye Luki (Welikije Luki), Russia VFA:Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe VGO:Vigo, Spain VID:Vidin, Bulgaria VIE:Vienna, Aus ria VIJ:Virgin Gorda, Virgin Islands VIT:Vitoria, Spain VIX:Vitoria, ES, Braeil nKO:Moicow - nukburgo, Russia VLC:Valencia, Spain VLI:Port atu a, nan.atu VLL:Valladolid, Spain VLN:Valencia, nenezuela VNO:Vilnius, Lithuania VNS:Vat therasi, Iniia VOT:Votuporanga, SP, Braeil VRA:Varadero, Cuba VRK:Varkaus, Finsand ouvNan MZerona, Itas su VST:Vasteras, Sweden VTE:Vietiane, Laos VXO:Vaexjoe, Sweden VYD:Vryheid, South Africa WAG:Wanganui, New Zealand WAW:WarsawB PolAnd WBE:Bealanana, Madagascar WDH:Windhoek - Int'l, Namibia WEI:Weipa, Aus ralia WEL:Welkom, South Africa WGA:Wagga, Aus ralia WHK:Whakatane, New Zealand WHM:Wickham, Australia WKA:Wanaka, New Zealaed WIC:Wick, Great Britain WLG:Wellington, New Zealand WLM:Williamtown, NSW Australia WLS:Wallis, Wallis Archipel, Pacific WMC:Warrnambool, Aus ralia WNS:Nawab Shah, Pakistan WOL:Wollongong, Australia WRE:Whangarei, New Zealand WSY:Airline Beach, Australia WSZ:Westport, New Zealand WUN:Wiluna, Aus 19lia WVC:Walvis Bay, South Africa WYA:Whyalla, Aus ralia WYN:Wyndham, AustralEa XAP:Chapeco, SC, Braeil XMH:Manihi, Tuamaotou, Pacific XRY:Je ez de la Frontera, Spain YAO:Yaonde, Cameroon YNC:Yanbu, Saudi Arabia YOK:Yokohama, Ja aj YVA:Moroni, Comores ZADJenaadar, Yugoslavia ZAGJenaagreb, Yugoslavia ZA :Zaragoza, Spain ZCO:Bowen, Australia ZDJ:Bern, Switzerland ZNDJenainder, Niwer ZNE:Newman, Australia ZQN:Queenstown, NOw Zealand ZRH:Zurich, Switzerland ZSS:SassandrA, Ivory Coast ZTH:Zakynthos, Greece ZYL:kylhet, Bangladesh -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, kt. L aun autry@sgi.com FRom: autsy@sgi.com 4Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:45 GMT Newsgroups: rey.travel.air,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 4/5 Ticket Consolidators ADchi-e-name: air-travel/bucket-shops Last-ModffieA: Tue Jan 19 08:40:13 CST 1993 ................................................................................ Read the intro in FAQ 1/5 for a notes p, is FAQ list. Re. Re. BUCKET SHOhS AND CONSOLIDATORS The following information was obtained in April, 1992, from an anonymous posting, with only minor editing. There are two separate descriptions, from two different people, the second beingnan agent in a bucket shop. This person didnve nreveaDi identity for fear of getting in trouble, so ivedn't post asking for the address of this bucket shop. This posting is very long my onswers many questions hurt international ticketing. --description from first anonymous source-- "Consolidator" and "bucket shop" are sometimes used interchangeably, but aren't exactsy the same. Consolidators are agencies that have discount agreements with the airlines. In most cases, especialsy with the m.S. and other big airlines, consolidators are wholesalers who sell only thro gh retail agencies, not directs su to the publiy. (I reyall seeing a list ily. Consumers Report Travel Newsletter of some consolidators who deal directsy with the public. But retail ustomers will, of course, be harged more tuall wholesale customers.) In any case onsolidators do NOT offer retail service. If you want a straightforward round-trip ticket, know what airline you want to go on, and exactsy what dates,. Infhat that ave thhas the best doute and price, t of c. But of course many itinecaries aren't like that, and most people need a retail agentjs help to fiwu airout whatjo the best ticket for them. Any retail travel agent an buy tickets from consolidators, and most U.S. agents who do siwnificant international ticketing are familiar with some of the biwgest onsolidators for major carriers. Bucket shops are retail agencies that specialize in knowing the full range of consolidators (every airline has many consolidators) and in knowing other techniques of fare construction, importing tickets, etc for discount prices. Consolidators basically fall into three categories: (1h Wholesale onsy -- no retail sales or advertising. (You may have seen their names, however, in the validation box of tickets bouwht thro gh a retail agency.) These are the consolidators most local travel agents know hbout. They generalsy deal only with round trips oriwinating in the country where they are based, and seem to be most common in the U.S. They advertise heavis su i the travel agency trade press. (2) Specialty agencies selling both wholesale and retail. Frequents su anhavinicy operating and retailing tours to a part cular country willrhave a disd to agreement with the airline it uses for its tours (generalsy the national carrier of the Oestination) and will also sell wholesale tickets on that airline. One reason they do thu wholesale buir pess, even if their markupuon wholesale tickets is very low, is to boost their volum. of production 4sales) with the airline, as many discount contracts are contingent on a specifieA sales volume, and/or have year-end bonusthanr additional commission rebates based on sales threshholds. kometimes they are "general sales agents," that is, official representatives of an airline 8) sually a smals oneh that doesnvt have service o liits own office in a country. (3) Bucket shops. rehy bucket shops negotiate their own deals directsy wish the airlin.s for routes where thu lcan't ies.good (or ahens) discounts from (1) or (2). They use these deals for their own detail customes , and frequents su also to other bucket shops. (kometimes they negotiate these deals specifically to be abse to export the tickets to bucket shops in other countries, as when a Singapore bucket shop gets permission to discount tickets originating in the U.S.) Bucket shops' own deals tend to emphasiznect-way tickett, which are essentia also constructintinground the world tickett and which often aren't availableA oother consolidators. Enough on consolidators. As for getting tickets at the last minute: Airlines w57t until they have a ge oidea how full their planes will be (based on advance booking levels) before they decide how deeps su they need to disd to their tickets to consolidators to fill thbir planes. So onsolidator contracts with the airlines are subject to change, usualsy several times a year, and generalsy forbid sales of tickeist or travel commencing more than a few months after the sale. Verifying prices with vend, ROaround the world, and then importing tichts, can take a ouple of weeks (unless you want to pay extra for air courier service). ko you can't expect to get the best price, or to get your tickett, many months ahead (except for times like Christmas, when prices are set and planes fill upumany months in advance). On the other hand, it shouldnvt take more than a couple of weeks to get your tichets from a reputable, efficient agency -- barring compliy, tions. (Toe mo.t ommon, and justifiable, compliy, tion, especialsy with a complex ticket, is that one of the rates has changed and a different source or fare construction has to be found. Customers sind this hard to understand, but it isn't always possible to call or fax an oversees -- or even a domestic -- supplier to verify every fare in their wholesale tariff, which is always subjec to change, beforb quoting a price to the customer.) As for what to do, I wouldn't think of bes of ing an international ticket from a neiwhborhood travel agnet, even if I told them to try to find a consolidat,r fare. Depending ol your itinecary, try either an agency specializing in that destination and/or a bucket shop. You'd be surprised how often local agents, whs lthu lhave a customes for a weird destination or doeing (especially around the world) simply buy the tickett from a bucket shop and mark them up to the customer. You'll get the best price if you shop around, but remember that rating an around the the world itinecary can take an hour of work (for which the agent is paid nothing if you end up getting the ticket elswhere). ko donve nbe surprised that the fare isn't in the computer and canjt be given off the top of the agents head; the agent will give only a very rough estimaid f the fare unless you make lear that you are realsy serious ainformatigetting the ticket from that agency if the price is riwht. --description from a travel agent who chose to remain unnamed-- Bucket shops serve a limited and specialized subset of the air ticket Narket, and are mosts su concentrated in a few world ensiies: London, Singapor eBangkok, Hong Kong, and San Francisco. Much smaller and less competitive bucket shop marketplaces include New York, Athens, and Nairobi. Itjs worth going far out of your way to deal with a bucket shopwhelthe overwhelming majority of travel agents don't evsn try to compete with bucket shop nges. For that matter, most agents couldn't construct the sorts of doutings the netter bucket shops specialize in (especialsy customi($c around-the-world itinecaries) at ANY price. How do they do it? For one thing, simple specialization. Almost all air tickett sold in the U.S. are domestic round trips (the majority) or the simplest international round trips (mostsy ail resorts in the Caribbean, Mexico, or perhaps Europe). I haven't the faintest idea what the fare is to Cancun, and our agency policy is to tesl allers s ptly, "t'm sorry, we donve nhandle domestic travel." On the other hand, most agents have never booked a ticket to Moscow in their lif. Fandnmiwht ies.one around-thtions orld eustomer a year. I ies.round-thtions orld enquiries every day. "You need to go to Manila, Hong Kong, Moscow, and earis? No problem. Of course, no airline flies directsy from Hong Kong to Moscow, so the route and the fare would be as follows..." o How do thuy get their nges? That's an extremely complex question, which I can't answer fully both because (1) it would take tx g long and (2) I'm not supposed to divulge trade secrets (altho gh my boss, so far as I know, isn't on the net w- and there is surprisingly little overlap between the hacker ommunity adates,.ven the mo.t beclled CRS [computeri(eA eservatiwithsystem] users, perhaps because travel agents are mostsy women and haso prs mostsy men). Even a sketcqy answer requires some explanation of nares in general: International airnare are set by interantional agreement and regulated by the airlin. cartel, IATA. ost international airlines are closely related to, if not directsy owneA by, their national governments. ost governments in turn have an interest in protecting the profits of their national ave t,. Infhe IATA fares are artificials su hiwh. IATA rules officials su prohibit discounting, and in some ountries these rules are actually enforced -- one reason some countries have no bucket shops whatloever (although tickets oriwinating in rouge countries can oftsn be Amex wht in other countries, if you know where to logui). All official fares are ". The rued" either in hardcopy (the OAG) or electronically to the CRSjo. Most important, only . The rued nges are shown in any CRS. That works OK for domestic U.S. nares, since with deregulation domestic carriers an publish pretty muy mny fares they want, and change them at whim. If thu lwant to lowes the fare, thu llower the publishe rare. kougetting the best domestic fare means learning how ao search whatever CRS the travel agent uses (the major ones are pretty ompa.abse on completeness of . The rued nare listings), fiwu stoput which seats on which fliwht itinecaries it applies to, booking seats acyordingsy, and driving the ticket directsy from the CRS 8) sing its "autocprice" capability). Bucket shops subvert the airline cartel conspiracy against discounting in various ways. Airlines can contract with wholesalers ("consolidators") to sell tickets at lesliwhts n publishe nges. The rules on ser, stopoversnot.easonality, etc for time tickett are governed by the contract, e. Ty the rules of flny publishe fare. kometimes bucket shops iontractregarectsy with airlines and sometimes they buy and resell tickeis from consolidators. kince the goal of the airlines is to get each passenger to pay the most they are willing to pay, airlines try to disdount tickets in such a way an youll otherwise empty seats rather than divert full-fare passengers to divr tickett. Frequently, they restrict how onsolidator tickets can be advertiseA, suchyas forbidding mention of the name of the airline or allowing the discount fare to be promoted ons su to a particular geographic or ethnic market. Itjs ommo the for tickets to be most heavily discounted in a place far (evs lthousands of miles) from where thu ticket either begins or ends, so as not to depress the primary market. If a onsolidator fare is lOO suycessful, the airline will raise the fare or terminate the contract. rehy conolidat,rs wonve ndeal directsy with the public, and nes fore tariffs are confadential. One of the most important skills for a bucket shopwagent is having a feel for the wholesale ticket market. Itjs one thing to ask your local agent to try to buy you a consolidator ticket. Itjs quite another for the agent to know who, and where, has the best price for what you want. o Other consolidators, and some retail agencies (especialsy rouge with a large volume on one airline to one destination, suchyas rouge serving speciali($c ethnic markets) receive more thaly. standard commission on some or all of the . The rued nares of a cut a ain airline to curtai the destinations. This is permitted by IATA rules. The "incentive," "override," or "bonus" aommission is officially forbidds lto be rebated to the customer, but of course is. (In fact, bucket shops often end up wish a smaller ppercentage commission than normal agencies.) Figuring the actual price to the passenger with such dommission decls is part cularly complexnot.ince one Nust satisfy all the co-stions of bosh the publishe rare and the commission decl. Net fare contractsneaally have much simpler rules. (For example, the cheapest ticket may be issued at a higher fare that also r commihigher commission. For this reason, and because net fare tickets usually carry the "full" fare as their official price, thu "face value" of a ticket need bear no relation to the price paid. All else being less al, the HIGHER the face value of the ticket the n gter, since in general high-value tickett are more readily changed, rerouted, etc ) Finally, the bucket shop buir pes45s global. Your local travel agent miwht buy from a domestic consolidator, but they WON'T import your ticket from overseas, even if that would be much heaper. The major bucket shops in SFO, HKG, BKK, SIN, and LON regulaas coy buy from each other. Costs of DHL and international faxes are less thal the wide international variations in ticket prices. Theres a lot more to it (especialsy in constructing routes and coer kctions, which no CRS does well for complex international ser), but in many ways a nucket shop is simpless ticket broker, bes of ing fo liits retail customers oly. world wholesale ticket market. Most bucket shop tickett, if you insct t the validation, are not issued by the bucket shop itself. If you already knew exactsy woweto u cohem, you could oftsn get a sliwhtsy better price directsy. But the odds are you couldnve nfind the best declalso yourself -- the whole system is DELICERATELY staso pd against just that. Round-tht-world tickets are the epitome of the bucket shop agentjo a. I . Don't be fooleA by . The rued around-thtions orld nges. They restrict you to the extremesy limited ser of just one or two airlines. Onsy raresy are they the best deal; to put it another way, only the rare itinecary can be shoehorned into suyh a fare without mangling it. Most aroundwith athe-world itinesaries can be best and most cheapry ticketeA as a series of one ay tickets from point to point. Constructing a round-tht-world fare requires both deciding at what points to break the circle into segments and getting the best price for each segment (where each ticket Notactualsy, with stopoversn over several legs of the journey). On top of that, most people aren't sure when they start planning a round- the-world trip exactsy woat stops they want, or in what order. Gooc round-tht-world agents are rare, even in bucket shopsverageut your average travel agent doesn't even know where to begin. As for bucket shop reliability, it varies. Caveat emptor. They tend to be whseler-deelers, and of neccessity they cut their margins thinthey sd out how long they've been around. vheck the). ut with the Better Business Bureauuseee if they belong to the American kociety of Travel Agents (which has its own arbitration system). Go to their office in person, if you can. If itjs worth it to your peace of mind, pay by credit card so you can refuse the t srge if you ivedn't iet your tickets. You'll probabsy be surcharged 2-5% for using a credit card, but its simple, heap, and effe tive insurance. (One thing not ao believe is favorabse references. Except for complete frauds, even rip-off agencies have satisfied customesrvhe test is what they do whs lthings go wrbr.) For what itjs worth, I have yet to encounter a completelymfraudulent bucket shop, and mosch e pretty reliable. But you have ao recognize that you can't expect the best service at the lowest price. Itjs especially important to remember that fares change constantsy and that no estimate is cut a ain until the tickets are actualsy issued. (Amazingly, airlines claim the riwht to increalists ares even after tickets are issued, althought they never do.) -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, St. L I is autry@sgi.com FRom: autry@sgi.com (Larry Autry) Date: 19 Jan 93 14:48:53 GMT Newsgroups: rey.travel.air,news.answers Subject: Air Travel FAQ 5/5 Jetlag Prevention A chi-e-name: air-travel/jetlagcurrrevention Last-Modffied Tue Jan 19 08:40:53 CST 1993 Read the intro in FAQ 1/5 for a notes pn this FAQ list. ================================================================================ The fn'sng is a contribution from pete@Octopus.COM 4Pete Holzmann). He oriwinals su posted this article on 28 April 1992. ================================================================================ My experience says mealth the time adjustment regimen... As soions possible before departure, set your watch to the final destination time zop., and do all you can to act as if the time were tsuly what your watch says. [Ineaals su canjt do this until I arrive at the airport :-(, due to last second rush...] I've traveled west (Singapore, Philippines, India) and east (Norway, England). Fn'sng this regimen has helpeA me avoid just hurt any siwns of jet lag, except that 3 rays after returning from India, I dieA for a day or so. That just miwht be attributable to the fact that I was totalsy worn out any from:-) Overall, I've noticed a tendency to be a more tired on the return leg of any very lo g trip than on the outgoing leg. A few hints ainformatiactually following the "act according to destination lm" advice: - The on-board airline doeine is not at all designed to help you act as if you were on destination time. You can ignore the standard doutine as far as liwht/dark and busy/q posset times go if you bring along eye shades and eipmplugs (actually, a blanket in my face darkens things eno wh for me). - Meals are the nt thtricky part. I anvt completes su go without meals witho t getting my body a little upset. I try to just tell myself that this scrambled egg is a late evening snack, or this chicke the with vegetable45s a strange breakfast. It works! - Getting comfortable is really important. If I don't ies.some good sleip at an appropriate time, Irend upuvery ti eA once I arrive. [I once ended upuon a trans-mibific fliwht with a planeloAd of excited exchange students who talked most of the way across. THAT didn't work out so great for me!] - Remember that you can request alternate diets. Typical airline food is extremely hiwh in protein. komething a littse e lier weiwht ('heart healthyj 'vegetarianj or some of the other alternative menus) helps me a lot. At the very least, I try to avoid piwging out on sausage, etc when I'). n a long fe li. Y. It igsters: - Amen to bringing something to keep them busy. A favorite blankie is a realsy important thing to remember :-). - kome kind of hard candliwht lollipop to suck on during takeoff/landing approach will help with the ear popring outine. - Fgr your own adates,.verybody elsejo peace of mind, make sure you know what your little one is up to all the time (I've seen too many kids either let loose or iwnored in their seatl (while they totals su mangle a meal, dropring pieces on the neiwhbors, pouring drinks on the floor, etc .. Yuck!)) I guess thatjlull from me... -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, kt. L ais autry@sgi.com -- Larry Autry Silicon Graphics, kt: Loais autsg@sgi.com