
Well, in 1933 America was in the middle of the great depression.  
Franklin Delanor Roosevelt was elected president.  In his inauguration 
speech on March 4, 1933 FDR stated to the American people that this 
country was in an economic crisis and that a state of national emergency 
existed.  He asked congress to tackle the job at hand and fix things or 
give him the power necessary to handle the problems.  Congress decided to 

give the necessary power to Roosevelt.  On March 9,1933 congress passed 
the War Powers Enabling Act giving FDR word for word the same powers as 
if we were going to war.  This transferred power from congress to the 
office of the President.
In times of war and national emergencies this Act "temporarily" sets the 
constitution aside and invest the power of the country in the office of 
the President so that one individual can make the instantaneous decisions 

that need to be made.  Once invested with this power, FDR declared a bank 

holiday and began his New Deal program.  Once the transfer of power to 
the president has been made, the only way for the Constitution to be 
re-instated is for the President to declare the National Emergency to be 
over.  FDR never did this and neither have any of the Presidents since 
then, although they could have.  In 1973 the Senate and the Department of 

Justice conducted a study of the War Powers Act and its consequences.  
The Justice Department said, "The United States is in a declared state of 

permanent national emergency."  They stated that the decision to declare 
the emergency over is a political question and must be made by the 
President and that the courts are powerless to consider the question or 
render a verdict. Report #93-549 Senate report 93d Congress EMERGENCY 
POWERS STATUTES, November 19, 1973.

Paul Watson




From: cscc1r@menudo.uh.edu (Thang Q. Doan)
Subject: (fwd) U.S. Comgressional Director (1993)
Date: 18 Jul 1994 16:55:00 -0500







War Powers Act

ftp ra.msstate.edu: pub/docs/history/USA/20th_C/warpowers.973
Contributed by:  "Andrew M. Ross" <aross@jarthur.Claremont.EDU>

--

                               Public Law 93-148
                         93rd Congress, H. J. Res. 542
                               November 7, 1973

                               Joint Resolution

           Concerning the war powers of Congress and the President.

Resolved by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United 
States 
of America in Congress assembled,

                                  SHORT TITLE

SECTION 1.  This joint resolution may be cited as the "War Powers 
Resolution".

                              PURPOSE AND POLICY

SEC. 2. (a)  It is the purpose of this joint resolution to fulfill the 
intent 
of the framers of the Constitution of the United States and insure that 
the 
collective judgement of both the Congress and the President will apply to 
the 
introduction of United States Armed Forces into hostilities, or into 
situations where imminent involvement in hostilities is clearly indicate 
by 
the circumstances, and to the continued use of such forces in hostilities 
or 
in such situations.
  (b)  Under article I, section 8, of the Constitution, it is 
specifically 
provided that the Congress shall have the power to make all laws 
necessary and 
proper for carrying into execution, not only its own powers but also all 
other 
powers vested by the Constitution in the Government of the United States, 
or 
in any department or officer thereof.
  (c)  The constitutional powers of the President as Commander-in-Chief 
to 
introduce United States Armed Forces into hostilities, or into situations 

where imminent involvement in hostilities is clearly indicated by the 
circumstances, are exercised only pursuant to (1) a declaration of war, 
(2) 
specific statutory authorization, or (3) a national emergency created by 
attack upon the United States, its territories or possessions, or its 
armed 
forces.

                                 CONSULTATION

SEC. 3.  The President in every possible instance shall consult with 
Congress 
before introducing United States Armed Forces into hostilities or into 
situation where imminent involvement in hostilities is clearly indicated 
by 
the circumstances, and after every such introduction shall consult 
regularly 
with the Congress until United States Armed Forces are no longer engaged 
in 
hostilities or have been removed from such situations.

                                   REPORTING

Sec. 4.  (a)  In the absence of a declaration of war, in any case in 
which 
United States Armed Forces are introduced--
     (1)  into hostilities or into situations where imminent involvement 
in 
hostilities is clearly indicated by the circumstances;
     (2)  into the territory, airspace or waters of a foreign nation, 
while 
equipped for combat, except for deployments which relate solely to 
supply, 
replacement, repair, or training of such forces; or
     (3)  in numbers which substantially enlarge United States Armed 
Forces 
equipped for combat already located in a foreign nation;
the president shall submit within 48 hours to the Speaker of the House of 

Representatives and to the President pro tempore of the Senate a report, 
in 
writing, setting forth--
     (A)  the circumstances necessitating the introduction of United 
States 
Armed Forces;
     (B)  the constitutional and legislative authority under which such 
introduction took place; and
     (C)  the estimated scope and duration of the hostilities or 
involvement.
  (b)  The President shall provide such other information as the Congress 
may 
request in the fulfillment of its constitutional responsibilities with 
respect 
to committing the Nation to war and to the use of United States Armed 
Forces 
abroad
  (c)  Whenever United States Armed Forces are introduced into 
hostilities or 
into any situation described in subsection (a) of this section, the 
President 
shall, so long as such armed forces continue to be engaged in such 
hostilities 
or situation, report to the Congress periodically on the status of such 
hostilities or situation as well as on the scope and duration of such 
hostilities or situation, but in no event shall he report to the Congress 

less often than once every six months.

                             CONGRESSIONAL ACTION

SEC. 5.  (a)  Each report submitted pursuant to section 4(a)(1) shall be 
transmitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the 
President pro tempore of the Senate on the same calendar day.  Each 
report so 
transmitted shall be referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House
of Representatives and to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate for 
appropriate action.  If, when the report is transmitted, the Congress has 

adjourned sine die or has adjourned for any period in excess of three 
calendar 
days, the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro 
tempore of the Senate, if they deem it advisable (or if petitioned by at 
least 
30 percent of the membership of their respective Houses) shall jointly 
request the President to convene Congress in order that it may consider 
the 
report and take appropriate action pursuant to this section.
  (b)  Within sixty calendar days after a report is submitted or is 
required 
to be submitted pursuant to section 4(a)(1), whichever is earlier, the 
President shall terminate any use of Untied States Armed Forces with 
respect 
to which such report was submitted (or required to be submitted), unless 
the 
Congress (1) has declared war or has enacted a specific authorization for 
such 
use of United States Armed Forces, (2) has extended by law such sixty-day 

period, or (3) is physically unable to meet as a result of an armed 
attack 
upon the United States.  Such sixty-day period shall be extended for not 
more 
than an additional thirty days if the President determines and certifies 
to 
the Congress in writing that unavoidable military necessity respecting 
the 
safety of United States Armed Forces requires the continued use of such 
armed 
forces in the course of bringing about a prompt removal of such forces. 
  (c)  Notwithstanding subsection (b), at any time that United States 
Armed 
Forces are engaged in hostilities outside the territory of the United 
States, 
its possessions  and territories without a declaration of war or specific 

statutory authorization, such forces shall be removed by the President if 
the 
Congress so directs by concurrent resolution.

        CONGRESSIONAL PRIORITY PROCEDURES FOR JOINT RESOLUTION OR BILL
                                                           
  SEC. 6.  (a)  Any joint resolution or bill introduced pursuant to 
section 
5(b) at least thirty calendar days before the expiration of the sixty-day 

period specified in such section shall be referred to the Committee on 
Foreign 
Affairs of the House of Representatives or the Committee on Foreign 
Relations 
of the Senate, as the case may be, and such committee shall report one 
such 
joint resolution or bill, together with its recommendations, not later 
than 
twenty-four calendar days before the expiration of the sixty-day period 
specified in such section, unless such House shall otherwise determine by 
the 
yeas and nays. 
  (b)  Any joint resolution or bill so reported shall become the pending 
business of the House in question (in the case of the Senate the time for 

debate shall be equally divided between the proponents and the 
opponents), and 
shall be voted on within three calendar days thereafter, unless such 
House 
shall otherwise determine by yeas and nays. 
  (c)  Such a joint resolution or bill passed by one House shall be 
referred 
to the committee of the other House named in subsection (a) and shall be 
reported out not later than fourteen calendar days before the expiration 
of 
the sixty-day period specified in section 5(b).  The joint resolution or 
bill 
so reported shall become the pending business of the House in question 
and 
shall be voted on within three calendar days after it has been reported, 
unless such House shall otherwise determine by yeas and nays. 
  (d)  In the case of any disagreement between the two Houses of Congress 
with 
respect to a joint resolution or bill passed by both Houses, conferees 
shall 
be promptly appointed and the committee of conference shall make and file 

a report with respect to such resolution or bill not later than four 
calendar 
days before the expiration of the sixty-day period specified in section 
5(b).  
In the event the conferees are unable to agree within 48 hours, they 
shall 
report back to their respective Houses in disagreement.  Notwithstanding 
any 
rule in either House concerning the printing of conference reports in the 

Record or concerning any delay in the consideration of such reports, such 

report shall be acted on by both Houses not later than the expiration of 
such 
sixty-day period. 
                                                           
          CONGRESSIONAL PRIORITY PROCEDURES FOR CONCURRENT RESOLUTION

  SEC. 7.  (a)  Any concurrent resolution introduced pursuant to section 
5(b) 
at least thirty calendar days before the expiration of the sixty-day 
period 
specified in such section shall be referred to the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs of the House of Representatives or the Committee on Foreign 
Relations 
of the Senate, as the case may be, and one such concurrent resolution 
shall be 
reported out by such committee together with its recommendations within 
fifteen calendar days, unless such House shall otherwise determine by the 
yeas 
and nays. 
  (b)  Any concurrent resolution so reported shall become the pending 
business 
of the House in question (in the case of the Senate the time for debate 
shall 
be equally divided between the proponents and the opponents), and shall 
be 
voted on within three calendar days thereafter, unless such House shall 
otherwise determine by yeas and nays. 
  (c)  Such a concurrent resolution passed by one House shall be referred 
to 
the committee of the other House named in subsection (a) and shall be 
reported 
out by such committee together with its recommendations within fifteen 
calendar days and shall thereupon become the pending business of such 
House 
and shall be voted on within three calendar days after it has been 
reported, 
unless such House shall otherwise determine by yeas and nays. 
  (d)  In the case of any disagreement between the two Houses of Congress 
with 
respect to a concurrent resolution passed by both Houses, conferees shall 
be 
promptly appointed and the committee of conference shall make and file a 
report with respect to such concurrent resolution within six calendar 
days 
after the legislation is referred to the committee of conference.  
Notwithstanding any rule in either House concerning the printing of 
conference 
reports in the Record or concerning any delay in the consideration of 
such 
reports, such report shall be acted on by both Houses not later than six 
calendar days after the conference report is filed.  In the event the 
conferees are unable to agree within 48 hours, they shall report back to 
their 
respective Houses in disagreement.

                      INTERPRETATION OF JOINT RESOLUTION

  SEC. 8.  (a)  Authority to introduce United States Armed Forces into 
hostilities or into situations wherein involvement in hostilities is 
clearly 
indicated by the circumstances shall not be inferred--
     (1)  from any provision of law (whether or not in effect before the 
date 
of the enactment of this joint resolution), including any provision 
contained 
in any appropriation Act, unless such provision specifically authorizes 
the 
introduction of United States Armed Forces into hostilities or into such 
situations and stating that it is intended to constitute specific 
statutory 
authorization within the meaning of this joint resolution; or 
     (2)  from any treaty heretofore or hereafter ratified unless such 
treaty 
is implemented by legislation specifically authorizing the introduction 
of 
United States Armed Forces into hostilities or into such situations and 
stating that it is intended to constitute specific statutory 
authorization 
within the meaning of this joint resolution. 
  (b)  Nothing in this joint resolution shall be construed to require any 

further specific statutory authorization to permit members of United 
States 
Armed Forces to participate jointly with members of the armed forces of 
one or 
more foreign countries in the headquarters operations of high-level 
military 
commands which were established prior to the date of enactment of this 
joint 
resolution and pursuant to the United Nations Charter or any treaty 
ratified 
by the United States prior to such date.
  (c)  For purposes of this joint resolution, the term "introduction of 
United 
States Armed Forces" includes the assignment of member of such armed 
forces to 
command, coordinate, participate in the movement of, or accompany the 
regular 
or irregular military forces of any foreign country or government when 
such 
military forces are engaged, or there exists an imminent threat that such 

forces will become engaged, in hostilities.
  (d)  Nothing in this joint resolution--
     (1)  is intended to alter the constitutional authority of the 
Congress or 
of the President, or the provision of existing treaties; or
     (2)  shall be construed as granting any authority to the President 
with 
respect to the introduction of United States Armed Forces into 
hostilities or 
into situations wherein involvement in hostilities is clearly indicated 
by the 
circumstances which authority he would not have had in the absence of 
this 
joint resolution.

                              SEPARABILITY CLAUSE

  SEC. 9.  If any provision of this joint resolution or the application 
thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of 
the 
joint resolution and the application of such provision to any other 
person or 
circumstance shall not be affected thereby.

                                EFFECTIVE DATE

  SEC. 10.  This joint resolution shall take effect on the date of its 
enactment.

                                                                   CARL 
ALBERT
                                      Speaker of the House of 
Representatives.

                                                             JAMES O. 
EASTLAND
                                          President of the Senate pro 
tempore.

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, U.S.,
                                                             November 7, 
1973.


     The House of Representatives having proceeded to reconsider the 
resolution (H. J. Res 542) entitled "Joint resolution concerning the war 
powers of Congress and the President", returned by the President of the 
United 
States with his objections, to the House of Representatives, in which it 
originated, it was
     Resolved, That the said resolution pass, two-thirds of the House of 
Representatives agreeing to pass the same.
     Attest:
                                                               W. PAT 
JENNINGS
                                                                        
Clerk.

     I certify that this Joint Resolution originated in the House of 
Representatives.
                                                               W. PAT 
JENNINGS
                                                                        
Clerk.


                      IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
                                                              November 7, 
1973

     The Senate having proceeded to reconsider the joint resolution (H. 
J. 
Res. 542) entitled "Joint resolution concerning the war powers of 
Congress and 
the President", returned by the President of the United States with his 
objections to the House of Representatives, in which it originate, it was
     Resolved, That the said joint resolution pass, two-thirds of the 
Senators 
present having voted in the affirmative.
     Attest:
                                                              FRANCIS R. 
VALEO
                                                                    
Secretary.



-- 

From: snet@world.std.com (Glenda M Stocks)
Subject: State Of Emergency       
Date: Sun, 12 Jun 1994 20:46:44 GMT


[From the CONTACT 5/31/94 with permission]

THE GREAT ELECTION
FRAUD OF 1994

A great legal fraud has come to light which must be resolved in 1994
or the elections normally held to fill all public offices may have to
be cancelled, nationwide, based on the statutes of fraud. Here are
the facts to be considered:

On March 9, 1933, the U.S. Congress delegated to Franklin D.
Roosevelt (FDR) the WAR POWERS--emergency rule by Executive
Order--(which temporarily SUSPENDED THE U.S. CONSTITUTION AND THE BILL
OF RIGHTS, hereinafter referred to, collectively, as CBR) in order to
deal with the [orchestrated] monetary crisis then existing. Much of
the bureaucracy with us today was created during the first one hundred
days of the FDR Administration, when most official acts were, delib-
erately, unconstitutional--but nobody cared because of the so-called
monetary crisis. This unconstitutional "bureaucracy" created in 1933
could only exist and operate WHILE EMERGENCY RULE REMAINED IN FORCE
AND THE CBR REMAINED SUSPENDED! Keep this in mind.

However, it soon became apparent to those [crooks] in the seats of
power that a permanent state of "emergency" was deemed necessary
if the unconstitutional (fully socialist) bureaucracy, created in
l933, were to remain functional and given some form of accepted
legality. To accomplish this without alerting the people, a practice
was developed [National Emergencies Act., Sec. 202(d)] whereby the
President transmits to the Congress (quietly) a notice to extend the
"emergency" for another year. President Clinton did his part on May
25, l993 when he "extended" the national emergency created by George
Bush the year before [Executive Order #12808] using the crisis in
Bosnia for the excuse. Clinton will have to repeat that "extension"
again in 1994, using the same, or some other, contrived "emergency"
to keep his fullv socialist and unconstitutional bureaucracy alive and
well for one more year.

But there is a far more sinister side to these yearly "extensions"
which we need to examine here and now. When the President "extends"
the Emergency, he also fully SUSPENDS AND NULLIFIES THE CBR WITH THE
FULL COOPERATlON AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE CONGRESS--BUT WITHOUT THE
KNOWLEDGE OF THE PEOPLE. It is NOT a media event. These are deliberate
and premeditated acts of TREASON and SEDITIOUS CONSPIRACY TO
OVERTHROW the CBR by the Federal Government. It has resulted in
61-years of governing where the CBR has been "OFFICIALLY", BUT
SECRETLY, SHELVED. Now we know how and WHY unconstitutional bills
get legislated. (NAFTA, Brady Bill, etc.)

This "OFFICIAL" SUSPENSION OF THE CBR--see Title 12 USC Sec. 95(a) &
(b)--the current law of today--needs to become the chief issue for
anyone running for public office, except those who are Democrats or
Republicans, as they are responsible for the above crimes. Candidates
winning an election could never promise, or give their constituents
any REPRESENTATION whatsoever and COULD NOT BE SWORN-IN, by law, to
support and defend the CBR when IT HAS BEEN,AND STILL IS,
"OFFICIALLY" SUSPENDED, BY STATUTE!

THE ENTIRE ELECTION PROCESS IN 1994, for reasons above, is only for
fools and knaves for it is total FRAUD as long as "EMERGENCY RULE"
REMAINS IN EFFECT.

You can become a prime mover TO END EMERGENCY RULE and restore the CBR
to its rightful place in the affairs of Government. Get yourself
informed on this issue (see below) and may God guide you and bless you
in this Pursuit!

[END OF QUOTING]

[second article]

[QUOTING:]

NEWS RELEASE
MAY 26. 1994

CONSTITUTIONAL TREASON

(Puyallup, Washington) Just in case you missed it, on February 1,
l994, CBS Radio News announced that Senate Republican leader Bob Dole
of Kansas had been "enlisted" to fight the so-called "WAR ON CRIME".
The "sound bite" containing Senator Dole's own words stated he had
become a "convert" and that he would now support a "thirty-million-
dollar FEDERAL GUN BUY BACK program", similar to ones that have been
utilized with mixed success at the State and local levels. Dole
admitted, however, that with 200-million guns on the streets, the
program won't do much to stop crime.

[H: Dear ones, don't you see what is more important HERE? A 'WAR' is
the same as announcing an "emergency". By declaring the ongoing "war
on crime" you have JUST EXTENDED THE STATE OF EMERGENCY!]

Under the disguise of "crime prevention" and "health care reform", a
massive effort is under way to disarm Americia, being promoted under
various pretenses at all levels of Government. Here, in Washington
State alone, a total of 65 or more anti-gun measures had been
impressed upon the Legislature, some under the heading of "youth
violence reduction". This anti-gun feeding-frenzy threatens honest,
law-abiding Citizens and their unalienable right to keep and bear
arms for self defense. But why is it that those who are most in favor
of "gun control" are the ones softest on the criminal? Why is it that
collectivist methods are the only solutions they propose? The answer
should put you inta a state of fear.

Little is known about an obscure, yet dramatic, piece of legislation
that was enacted into law by the Congress in 1961. At the behest of
then Senator Prescott Bush of Connecticut (yes, the father of George
Bush) President John F. Kennedy signed into law Public Law 87-297 on
September 1, 1961. This law can be located in the United States Code,
Title 22, and beginning at Section 2551. This law set the stage for
the creation of the "United States Disarmament Agency" and set in
place the political machinery to DESTROY our nation's sovereignty.
Notice the word "disarmament" in the title of this agency. Every
Congress and every President since 1961 has worked, methodically, and
craftily, to implement various provisions of Public Law 87-297. It
is all part and parcel of the march to merge America into the "New
Wor1d Order" All public policy is a result of the "emergency" OF
1933. WHAT "EMERGENCY...you say? Read on.

With the foregoing in mind, are we now to believe that all of a sudden
Senator Bob Dole has had a "change of heart" from his previously
stated position, that he was now a "convert" and would support the
WAR ON CRIME, and that he will now support the filibuster of the
Schumer/Feinstein Amendment, the socalled "Assault Weapon Ban"
contained in H.R. 42967 which let the first salvo of the Brady Bill
pass with only THREE SENATORS ON THE FLOOR. In January, he urged the
President-- on national television--TO SUPPORT THE SENATE VERSION OF
THE CRIME BILL containing the FEINSTEIN GUN BAN. This is the same
Senator Bob Dole who also introduced a resolution SUPPORTING
CLINTON'S POSITION ON THE CHICAGO GUN SWEEPS--WITHOUT WARRANTS--TO
SEARCH FOR AND SEIZE GUNS.

And remember well: with the suspension of the Constution FOR The
United States OF America on March 6, 1933, and its continuation for
the past 6l years by various Presidential Executive Orders,
including those recent Executive Orders of President William J.
Clinton, the American people are under the awesome power of a
Constitutional Dictatorship, under the War Powers and the Trading
with the Enemy Act of October 6, 1917. Since 1933, the American people
have not had the often quoted and misheralded 2nd Amendment Right to
"keep and bear arms". It is only through "license" by the "statutorily
created right" that you presently have the ability of firearms
ownership. One must understand the legal meanings of the words:
"owner" and "transfer" as used in the law as it pertains to the
Federal Firearms--under license--as a result of the Constitutional
Treason and the Acts of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and the 73rd
Congress of 1933.

The remedy? First things first. Because the American people are
unaware of being unaware, they must first be made aware. Therefore, we
strongly recommend: that Americans be made aware of the treason and
seditious conspiracy, and the "emergency" we've all been under for the
past 61-years, by obtaining the material presented in the prior
writing. The materials are not copyrighted; therefore, once you obtain
a master set, you may duplicate and distribute them at will. But
remember: the messengers have paid dearly to bring you this research
to put all of the pieces together, starting at a single focal point,
from which all the rest of America's problems originate. Once the
American people understand what the problem is, we can then begin to
correct the misdeeds of the past 61 years of the "emergency". Once the
American people understand the perfidy, greed and avarice that have
held them in bondage all these years, there will be no need to run in
circles from one Patriot meeting to the next in search of that elusive
and magic "silver bullet".

[END OF QUOTING]

Thank you. Please support these people, readers. They have no magic to
attend them and if their voices are silences--it will be YOUR loss,
for they mostly have nothing more to lose!

NOTICE:

This flyer was prepared and distributed by Citizens For A
Constitutional Washington, 11910-C Meridian East, #124, Puyallup,
Washington 98373. For a complete and detailed analysis concerning
the contents of this flyer, write for a copy of the 2-hour video
presentation WAR AND EMERGENCY POWERS and the accompanying 153-page
booklet with the Government's own documents and exhibits. WAR AND
EMERGENCY POWERS video is available for $25.00. The accompanying
booklet is available for $20.00. Add $5.00 shipping & handling.
Please: NO CHECKS OR CODs. U.S. Postal Money Orders or Cash only.



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