
Revision date: September 18, 1994
(to verify electronic transmission, look for the marking * END OF FILE * at
 the end of this document)

This is a list of classified U.S. Department of Defense programs for fiscal
year 1995. This list includes items from the procurement budget, and the RDT&E
(Research, Development, Test and Evaluation) budget.

NOTE: This is a preliminary version - a more accurate picture of the costs
of these programs will be made after I obtain the joint House-Senate Armed
Services Committees defense budget for fiscal year 1995.

Prepared by:
  Paul McGinnis
  P.O. Box 28084
  Santa Ana, CA  92799
  Internet: TRADER@cup.portal.com / trader@shell.portal.com
  America Online: PaulMcG  [PaulMcG@aol.com]
  Compuserve: 76056,201    [76056.201@compuserve.com]
  GEnie: EXP.ENG-

This document was created from unclassified sources. (See list at the end of
this document for sources). Programs are listed by R-1 line (line item in the
agency's RDT&E budget) or P-1 line (line item in the procurement budget),
Program Element (PE) number, and description or codename. (Codenames are
indicated with capital letters, i.e., MERIDIAN). It lists programs that
Congress will fund for fiscal year 1995. RDT&E funding is typically used for
advanced weapons (this is how the Stealth fighter was funded) and for
intelligence activities.

**************************************************************************

                  Army exploratory development programs
                  _____________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
  4    0602104A   TRACTOR ROSE / $7.6 million

  7    0602122A   TRACTOR HIP / $11.5 million

 30    0602788A   TRACTOR FLOP / $0.4 million


                   Army advanced development programs
                   __________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 40    0603009A   TRACTOR HIKE / $5.4 million

 41    0603012A   TRACTOR HOLE / $7.8 million

 42    0603013A   TRACTOR DIRT / $1.7 million

 43    0603017A   TRACTOR RED / $10.2 million

 44    0603020A   TRACTOR ROSE / $3.2 million

 47    0603122A   TRACTOR HIP / $4.6 million

 51    0603322A   TRACTOR CAGE / $17.5 million


               Army demonstration and validation programs
               __________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 60    0603018A   TRACTOR TREAD / $5.8 million

 61    0603019A   TRACTOR DUMP / $15.8 million

 69    0603639A   "armament enhancement initiative" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 1}, (includes funds for X-rod 120mm rocket
                    boosted tank round)

 90    0603831A   "classified program" / [classified cost] / {note 1},
                  (developed jointly with the Air Force but the Air Force
                  is no longer part of this program)

 91    0102830A   "classified program" / [classified cost] / {note 1},
                  (developed jointly with the Air Force, but the Air Force
                  is no longer part of this program)


                Army engineering and manufacturing programs
                ___________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
121    0604768A   TRACTOR BAT / $119 million

134    0604817A   "non-cooperative target recognition" / $13.7 million


               Army operational systems development programs
               _____________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
175    0203806A   TRACTOR RIG / $2.7 million / (appears to be an advanced
                    tactical missile technology)

176    0203808A   TRACTOR CARD / $14.6 million / (appears to be an advanced
                    tactical missile technology)

179    0301359A   "special Army program" / [classified cost] / {note 1}, 
                    (Army intelligence program, code-named SHEEPWALK)

183    0305127A   "foreign counterintelligence activities" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 1}

184    0305150A   "airborne reconnaissance low" / $11.4 million / (new program
                    for fiscal year 1995)


Notes:
{1} The total cost of the Army programs whose cost is classified is
    approximately $37.9 million.

**************************************************************************

               Navy demonstration and validation programs
               __________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 34    0603254N   "ASW systems development" / $40.5 million / (includes
                  funds for classifed anti-submarine aircraft program
                  code-named BEARTRAP)

 44    0603525N   PILOT FISH / $35.3 million

 46    0603365N   RETRACT JUNIPER / $20.6 million

 55    0603576N   CHALK EAGLE / $59.8 million

 73    0603734N   CHALK CORAL / $68.8 million

 77    0603746N   RETRACT MAPLE / $102.7 million

 78    0603748N   LINK PLUMERIA / $29.8 million

 80    0603751N   RETRACT ELM / $39.5 million

 82    0603755N   "ship self defense" / $200.8 million / (includes the
                    new "rolling airframe" missile for defense against 
                    anti-ship missiles)
 
 85    0603787N   "special processes" / $33 million


                Navy engineering and manufacturing programs
                ___________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
133    0604755N   "ship self defense" / $181.5 million / (includes the
                    new "rolling airframe missile" for defense against 
                    anti-ship missiles)


               Navy operational systems development programs
               _____________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
186    0301327N   "technical reconnaissance & surveillance" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 2} (probably the follow-on to the Navy's older
                    signals intelligence (SIGINT) collection programs
                    code-named PRAIRIE WAGON and PRAIRIE SCHOONER)

188    0303140N   "information systems security program" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 2}, (the purpose of this program (distributed
                    cryptography) is not classified, but the costs are)

190    0304111N   "special activities" / [classified cost] / {note 2}, 
                    (widely believed to fund the Navy's share of costs for the
                    National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), that operates U.S.
                    spy satellites. Navy spy satellite programs have included
                    WHITE CLOUD and CLASSIC WIZARD)


Notes:
{2} The total cost of the Navy programs whose cost is classified is
    approximately $562 million.

**************************************************************************

                  Air Force aircraft procurement programs
                  _______________________________________
P-1
line   Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 55    "Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Program aircraft modifications" /
         $3.7 million

 56    "classified projects -- modifications for in-service aircraft" /
         $49 million


                   Air Force advanced development programs
                   _______________________________________
R-1   Program
line  Element #  Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 44   0603107F   "technical evaluation system" / [classified cost] / {note 3}

 45   0603110F   "special evaluation program" / [classified cost] / {note 3}

 47   0603111F   MERIDIAN / [classified cost] / {note 3}


               Air Force demonstration and validation programs
               __________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 61    0603801F   "special programs" / [classified cost] / {note 3},
                    (probably covers launch costs for U.S. spy satellites)


             Air Force operational systems development programs
             __________________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
131    0101815F   "advanced strategic programs" / [classified cost] / {note 3}

141    0207137F   CONSTANT HELP / [classified cost] / {note 3}, (tactical
                    program)

148    0207248F   "special evaluation program" / $118.3 million / (until
                    fiscal year 1994, this program was known as "special
                    tactical unit detachments" and was funded like other
                    tactical aircraft units, such as F-117A squadrons. One
                    wonders what kind of aircraft are being flown in this
                    program...)

155    0207424F   "evaluation and analysis program"/ $74 million / (this 
                    program was known as COPPER COAST until fiscal year
                    1994. May be related to hypersonic aircraft studies the
                    Air Force conducted under the COPPER CANYON program a
                    few years ago)

156    0207431F   "tactical air intelligence system activities"
                    / [classified cost] / {note 3}, (the cost of this program
                    is classified, but the purpose is not. This program
                    procures computer workstations and software to do 
                    intelligence analysis out in the field during combat).

157    0207433F   "advanced program technology" / $165.4 million / (this
                    program was known as "tactical improvement program" until
                    fiscal year 1994)

159    0207579F   "advanced systems improvements" / $119.9 million

161    0207591F   "advanced program evaluation" / $105.1 million / (this
                    program was known as OMEGA until fiscal year 1994)

165    0208021F   "electronic combat support" / $1.6 million / (some of
                    the technology in this program is classified. The cost
                    of this program is classified in Congressional documents,
                    but not in Air Force documents)

166    0208042F   HAVE FLAG / [classified cost] / {note 3}, (tactical missile
                    now going into regular production)

168    0301310F   "Foreign Technology Division" / [classified cost] / {note 3}

169    0301313F   "defense dissemination system" / [classified cost] / {note 3},
                    (provides near real time intelligence from spy satellites
                    to 13 locations. Oddly enough, the Air Force sent me
                    something that looks like promotional literature on the
                    system showing drawings of 3 different models of the
                    computer hardware involved, in response to a FOIA request.
                    I don't think the Air Force thought about what they were
                    saying in their "ad", which highlights features such as
                    "cradle-to-grave-support" and shows an airman in need of
                    a shave standing at attention in front of the CAT 2
                    model...)

170    0301314F   "infrared/electro-optical/directed energy weapons
                    processing" / [classified cost] / {note 3}

171    0301315F   "missile & space technical collection" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 3}

172    0301317F   "SENIOR YEAR operations" / [classified cost] / {note 3},
                    (current U-2 flights and maintenance)

173    0301324F   FOREST GREEN / [classified cost] / {note 3}, (Air Force
                    intelligence collection operation, possibly SIGINT
                    (Signals Intelligence) for the National Security Agency)

183    0304111F   "special activities" / [classified cost] / {note 3},
                    (widely believed to fund the Air Force's share of costs for
                    the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), that operates
                    U.S. spy satellites)

188    0305124F   "special applications program" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 3}, (Air Force C3I program)

191    0305142F   "applied technology and integration" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 3}, (Air Force intelligence program, possibly a
                    new surveillance satellite. This program was known as
                    CENTENNIAL until fiscal year 1994)

198    0305172F   "combined advanced applications" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 3}, (this PE previously funded a classified Air
                    Force program code-named BERNIE several years ago)

202    0305892F   "special analysis activities" / [classified cost] / {note 3},
                    (classified Air Force intelligence program operated by
                    HQ USAF Systems Command -- not part of NFIP (National
                    Foreign Intelligence Program), like most intelligence
                    programs are)


Notes:
{3} The total cost of the Air Force programs whose cost is classified is
    approximately $2.7685 billion.

**************************************************************************

                  Department of Defense procurement programs
                  __________________________________________
P-1
line   Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
  5    "classified equipment" / [classified cost] / {note 4}

 14    "intelligence & communications" / [classified cost] / {note 4}

 15    "DIA Intelligence Program Support Group" / [classified cost] / {note 4}

 36    "major equipment" / [classified cost] / {note 4}

 61    "classified Special Operations Command programs" / $86.8 million


Notes:
{4} The total cost of the DoD procurement programs whose cost is classified is
    approximately $374.6 million.

**************************************************************************

                 Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) programs
                 _________________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 62    0603710D   "classified program - C3I" / $8 million / (This program
                     is extremely classified - a FOIA request produced a
                     heavily censored document where the only legible items
                     were the markings TOP SECRET-SPECIAL ACCESS REQUIRED, the
                     cost, and the fact that the program summary was provided
                     only to 2 high ranking DoD officials)

101    0304311D   "selected activities" / [classified cost] / {note 5},
                    (funds are provided to classified intelligence programs
                    operated by the Air Force, under this Program Element)

108    0305154D   "Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Program" / $501.6 million
                     / (the Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Office (DARO)
                     is a new entity that will manage the nation's airplane
                     reconnaissance assets, leaving satellite reconnaissance
                     to the NRO and the new CIO (see below). There are some
                     parts of DARO that are unclassified - for example, the
                     Congress wants to give DARO $13.6 million for infrared
                     sensors for the RC-135 COBRA BALL aircraft, that DoD
                     didn't request)


                   Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) RDT&E programs
                   __________________________________________

R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 20    0603734J   "ISLAND SUN support" / $2.8 million / (a source told me
                    that this is a "Continuity of Government" program after
                    a nuclear war. Apparently, the mobile command posts
                    in lead-lined trucks are being "mothballed" (put in
                    storage))


             Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) RDT&E programs
             _______________________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 77    0605114E   BLACK LIGHT / $4.9 million


                 National Security Agency (NSA) RDT&E programs
                 _____________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 88    0301011G   "cryptologic activities" / [classified cost] / {note 5}

 96    0303140G   "information systems security" / [classified cost] / {note 5}

100    0303401G   "communications security (COMSEC)" / [classified cost]
                   / {note 5}

109    0305154G   "Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Program" / [classified cost]
                     / {note 5}

113    0305159G   "Defense Reconnaissance Support activities" / [classified
                    cost] / {note 5}, (see description for DSPO below)

115    0305167G   "computer security" / [classified cost] / {note 5}

119    0305885G   "tactical cryptologic activities" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 5}

120    0305889G   "counterdrug intelligence support" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 5}


                   Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) programs
                   __________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
 89    0301301L   "General Defense Intelligence Program (GDIP)"
                     / [classified cost] / {note 5}

 90    0301308L   "Missile Intelligence Agency"/ [classified cost] / {note 5}

102    0305098L   "Defense support activity - Intelligence Program Support
                    Group" / [classified cost] / {note 5}

118    0305884L   "intelligence planning & review activities" / [classified
                    cost] / {note 5}

122    0305889L   "counterdrug intelligence support" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 5}

123    0305898L   "management HQ (auxillary forces)" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 5}


                       Central Imagery Office (CIO) programs
                       _____________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
103    0305106LC  "consolidated imagery activities" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 5}, (CIO is a new office that has the
                    responsibility for managing airborne and satellite
                    reconnaissance programs. Apparently, the National
                    Reconnaissance Office (NRO) now has the mandate to
                    handle the technical details of reconnaissance
                    satellite programs, while CIO manages the NRO and DARO
                    programs)

104    0305107LC  "tactical imagery activities" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 5}


                     Defense Support Project Office (DSPO) programs
                     _____________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
114    0305159I   "Defense Reconnaissance Support activities" / $46.9 million
                    / (DSP activities have to do with the detection of
                    missile launches using sensors on satellite and aircraft)


                          Special Operations Command programs
                          ___________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
130    1160408BB  "SOF operational enhancements" / $20.3 million
                    / (apparently, the details of this program are classified
                    because it involves procurement of equipment to support
                    National Security Council & Department of State objectives)


                     Defense Investigative Services (DIS) programs
                     _____________________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
105    0305127V   "foreign counterintelligence activities" / [classified cost]
                    / {note 5}, (each military service has its own program
                    in this area. FY 1995 is the first time DIS has been
                    given funding for this activity)


                          Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) programs
                          _____________________________________
R-1    Program
line   Element    Description / Cost / Notes
__________________________________________________________________________
112    0305159B   "Defense Reconnaissance Support activities" / $19.5 million


Notes:
{5} The total cost of the DoD RDT&E programs whose cost is classified is
    approximately $1.1037 billion.

**************************************************************************

                  fiscal year (FY) 1995 changes from FY 1994:
                  ___________________________________________

* there are 2 new intelligence entities, Defense Airborne Reconnaissance
  Office (DARO) and the Central Imagery Office (CIO) that have been
  created within the last 3 years (see above). Intelligence programs operated
  by Department of Defense components normally fall under 3 major areas:
  - NFIP (National Foreign Intelligence Program)
  - GDIP (General Defense Intelligence Program)
  - TIARA (Tactical Intelligence And Related Activities)

* "special programs", PE 0102814A, no longer in Army budget for FY 1995.

* "world-wide military communications & control system (WWMCCS)", PE 0303152A,
  had its funding terminate in FY 1995.

* "airborne reconnaissance low", PE 0305150A is a new program for FY 1995.

* OLYMPIC, PE 0603105F, no longer in Air Force budget for FY 1995.

* "classified program", PE 0102830F, no longer in Air Force budget for FY 1995

* "intelligence production activities", PE 0301305F, no longer in Air Force
  budget for FY 1995.

* "intelligence telecom & defense special security system", PE 0301339F, no
  longer in Air Force budget for FY 1995.

* "space subsystems technology", PE 0603428F, no longer in Air Force budget
  for FY 1995.

* "Defense Reconnaissance Support activities", PE 0305159F, no longer in Air
  Force budget for FY 1995.

* "global grid communications", PE 0303123G, no longer in the National
  Security Agency FY 1995 budget.

* "foreign counterintelligence activities", PE 0305127V, new program for
  FY 1995.

**************************************************************************

REFERENCES USED TO CREATE THIS REPORT:
The creation of this document required extensive research, and the piecing
together of information from multiple unclassified sources. (What I did
is something that intelligence officials worry about - I used the so-called
"mosaic" approach to discover classified information by putting together
many scraps of information from unclassified sources.)

* Numerous Congressional documents, such as the House and Senate versions
  of the "National Defense Authorization Acts" for fiscal years 1990 to
  1995. (both the reports and the supporting testimony to Congress)

* Department of Defense Handbook DoD 7045.7-H, "FYDP Program Structure",
  October 1993.

* Department of the Air Force document "Supporting Data for Fiscal Year
  1994 - Budget Estimate Submission - Descriptive Summaries - Research,
  Development, Test and Evaluation", April 1993, copy 29 of 50, available
  from NTIS as item PB93-220879.

* Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) document AD-A264 093, "FY 1994
  Congressional Submission - RDT&E Descriptive Summaries", April 1993.
  
* Department of Defense document AD-A234 900, "Critical Technologies Plan for
  the Committees on Armed Services - United States Congress", May 1991.
  (I highly recommend this document for its descriptions of the technologies
  the U.S. military is interested in for the 1990s. The 1991 edition is the
  last Critical Technologies Plan that focused on defense. Subsequent Critical
  Technologies Plans focus on all areas of national technical interest.)

* budget summary documents released under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA).
  Title 10 of the United States Code requires that Congress be provided with
  program summaries. Section 2301 (10 U.S.C. 2301) covers unclassified programs
  while Section 119 (10 U.S.C. 119) covers classified programs.

* some material on spy satellites was provided by the Federation of American
  Scientists.

**************************************************************************

Costs of these programs are those the House of Representatives has approved
-- there may be minor changes in the joint Senate-House appropriation for
fiscal year 1995. Unfortunately, the Senate-House joint budget that was
decided in June of 1994 has not yet appeared at my local federal depository.

Other classified programs exist, but funding is provided by Department of
Defense components, such as the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) or
the Defense Intelligence Agency. The House Armed Services Committee uses the
phrase "appropriated but not authorized Special Access Programs" to describe
these. An example would be the Air Force's "Project ELEGANT LADY", PE
0208040F. Also, given the secrecy surrounding classified programs, I've
probably missed a few in the budget documents I've seen or made mistakes in
the information given above.

Although Article I, Section 9, Clause 7 of the U.S. Constitution requires that
all public money be publicly accounted for, senior military officials seem to
feel the Constitution doesn't apply to them. That's the reason I created this
report -- to expose acts that violate the U.S. Constitution. I believe that
American taxpayers have a right to know how and where their money is being 
spent.

* END OF FILE *

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