
Singer, Margaret and Ofshe, Richard. Definition of Brainwashing.

Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry III. The Sections on
Dissociation and Hypnotism.

Miller. The Utilization of Hypnotic Techniques in Religious Conversion.
(Available through Richard Ofshe PhD.)

Ofsche and Singer. Attacks on Peripheral versus Central
Elements of Self and the Efficacy of Thought Reform. (Available
through American Family Foundation.)

Lifton RJ: Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism.
New York, WW Norton and Co, 1961

Schein EH: Coercive Persuasion. New York, Norton, 1961

 Udolf. Handbook of Hypnosis.

Intelligence Specialist Training Routine. TR-L (Intel TR's,
How to lie effectively.)

FBI Document #8592.

December 6, 1968. Regarding Intelligence. (Talks about
using infiltration, bribing, blackmail, robbery and buying
information.)

"Targets" Starts out, "The vital targets which we must
invest most of our time are:

     T.1 Depopularizing the enemy to a point of total
	obliteration.

     T.2 Taking over the control or allegiance of the heads or
	proprietors of all news media.

     T.3 Taking over the control or allegiance of key political
	figures.

     T.4 Taking over the control or alligiance of those who
	monitor international finance and shifting them to a loss
	precarious finance standard .

Enroth:Youth, Brainwashing and the Extremist Cults. Grand Rapids,
Michigan,, Zondervan Press,1977

Bauer RA:Brainwashing:psychology or demonology. J of Social
Issues XX,13(3):41-47,1957

Beck F,Godin W:Russian purge and the extraction of confession.
Translated by Mosbacher E,Porter D. London, Hurst and
Blachett,i951

Becker K:I met a traveler:the triumph of Father Phillips. New
York, Farar, Strauss and Cudahy,i9S8

Benson S:Clinical diagnosis and deprogramming techniques,
brainwashing. Brainwashing 1977 Symposium at the John Muir
Hospital, Walnut Creek,Calif,May 21,1977

Biderman AD,Zimmer H:The manipulation of human behavior. New
York,John Wiley and Sons,Inc,1961

Bonnichon A:Cell 23--5hanghai. The Month,i-32,1955

Brownfield CA:The Brain Benders:A study of the Effects of
Isolation. New York, Exposition Press~1972

Bull 8T:When Iron Gates Yield. Chicago,Ill, Moody Press,1955

Chen TEH:Thought Reform of the Chinese Intellectuals. New York,
Oxford University Press,1960

Davies SJ:In Spite of Dungeons. London, Hodder & Slaughton,1954

Delgado-R:Religious totalism:gentle and ungentle persuasion
under the first amendment. 51 So Cal Law Rev 1,1977

Dolgun A,Wilson P:Alexander Dolgun's Story. An American in the
Gulag. New York,Alfred A. Knopf,1975

Farber IE,Harlow HF:Brainwashing conditioning and DDD:debility,
dependency and dread. Sociometry 20:271-285,1956

Farber SM,Wilson RHL:Control of the Mind. New York,
McGraw-Hill,1961

Ford RW:Mind Between the World. New York, David McKay,1957

Frank JD:Persuasion and Health. New York, Schocken Books,1961

Gaylin W:On the boarders of persuasion. Psychiatry 37:1-9,1974

Hinkle IE,Wolfe HG:Communist interrogation and indoctrinat10n of

"enemies of the states." AMA Archives of Neurology and
Psychiatry 76:115-174,1956

Hunter E:Brainwashing: From Pavlov to Power. New York, The
Bookmailer,1956

Hunter E:Brainwashing in Red China. New York, Vanguard Press,1951

Hunter E:Brainwashing: The Story of Men Who Defied It. New York,
Farrar, Strauss6 Cudahy,1956

Lifeon RJ:Thought reform of Chinese intellectuals:a psychiatric
evaluation. J of Social Issues 13:5-20,1957(b)

Lifton RJ:Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism. New
York, WW Norton and Co,1961

London P:Behavior Control. New York, Harper & Row,1969

Malcolm A:The Tyranny of the Group. Totowa, New Jersey,
Littlefield, Adams and Company,1975

Maloney JC:Psychic self-abandon and extortion of confession.
International J of Psychoanalysis XX 36:53-60,1955

Mauss AL,Petersen D:Les Jesus Freaks et Retour a la
Respectabilite ou la Prediction des Fils Prodigues. Social
Compass 21(3):283-302,1974

Medvedev Z:Medvedev R:A Question of Madness. New York,
Borzoi/Alfred A Knopf,1971

Meerloo JAM:The Rape of the Mind. New York, World Publishing
Co,1956

Meerloo JAM:The crime of menticide. Am J of Psychiatry XX
107:5g4-598,1951

Meerloo, JAM:Pavlovian strategy as a weapon in menticide. Am J
of Psychiatry XX 110:809-813,1954

Ofshe R:The social development of the Synanon cult:the
managerial strategy of organizational transformation.
Sociological Analysis XX 41(2):109-127

Ofshe R et al:Social structure and the social control in
Synanon. Voluntary Action Research XX 3~3):67-76

Richardson JT,Stewart M:Conversion process models and the Jesus
movement. Am Behavioral SCientist XX 20(6):819-838,1977

Richardson JT,Stewart M,Simmonds RB:Organized Miracles: A Study
of Contemporary Youth, Communal Fundamentalist Organization. New
Brunswick, NJ, Transaction Books,1979

Rickett A,Rickett A:Prisoners of Liberation. New York, Cameron
Associates,1957

Rigney H:Four Years in a Red Hell. Chicago, Illinois, Henry
Regnery,195~

Rogge OJ:Why Men Confess. New York, Thomas Nelson and Sons,I959

Santucci PS,Winokus G:Brainwashing as a factor in psychiatric
illness. AMA Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry 74 ~ 16,1955

Sarbin TR,Adler N:Self-reconstitution processes:a preliminary
repOrt_ Psychoanalytic Review 57:599-~16,1970-71

Sargant W:Battle for the Mind: A Physiology of Conversion and
Brainwashing. New York, Harper and Row,1959

Sargant W:The mechanism of conversion. British Medical Journal
2:311-316,1951

Sargant W:The Mind Possessed. New York, Penguin Books,1973

Schein EH,Cooley WE,Singer MT:A Psychological Follow-up of
Former Prisoners of War of the Chinese Communists, Part I.
Results of Interview Study. Cambridge, Mass, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology,1960

Schein EH:Coercive Persuasion. New York, Norton,i9~1

Schein EH:The Chinese indoctrination program for prisoners of
war. Psychiatry 19:149-179,1956

Schein EH:The Chinese indoctrination program for prisoners of
war:a study of attempted "brainwashing" Psychiatriat
19:149-172,1957

Schein EH:Reaction patterns to severe, chronic stress in
American army prisoners of war of the Chinese. J Soc Issues
13:21-30

Schein EH:Epilogue:something new in history? J Soc Issues
13:56-60

Schein EH:Brainwashing and totalitarianism in modern society.
World Poli{ics 11:430-441

Schein EH:Interpersonal communication, group solidarity and
social influence.. Sociometry 23:148-161

Schein EH:Brainwashing. Cambridge, Mass:Center for International
Studies, MIT,1960

Schein EG,Hill WF,Williams HL,Lubin A:Distinguishing
characteristics of collaborators and resistors among American
prisoners of war. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 55:197-201,1957

Schein EH,Singer MT:Follow-up intelligence data on prisoners
repatriated from North Korea. Psychological Reports
11:93-194,1962

Singer MT,~enson S:Brainwashing Techniques and Results Achieved.
Presented at Walnut Creeks Hospital, May,1977

Singer MT,Schein EH:Projections test responses of prisoner of
war following repatriation. Psychiatry 21:375-385,195~

Solomon T,Pines A:Brainwashing and Psychotherapy: The Case of
Children in Residential Treatment. Paper presented at meetings
of Western Psychological Association. Seattle, Wash, April,1977

Strassman HF,Thaler M,Schein EH:A prisonerof war syndrome:apathy
as a reaction to severe stress. Am J Psychiatry XX
112:998-1003,1956

Stypolkowski Z:Invitation to Moscow. London, Thames & Hudson,1951

~ngerleider JT,Wellisch DK:Coercive persuasion (brainwashing),
religious cults and deprogramming. Am J Psychiatry
136(2):279-2~2,1979

Verdier PA:Brainwashing and the Cults. North Hollywood, Calif,
Wilshire Book Co,1977

Walker RL:China under communism. Brave New World Revisited.
Cited by Aldous Huxley,p 80

West LJ:Psychiatry, "brainwashing," and the American character.
Am J of Psychiatry 120(9):842-850,1964

American Journal of Psychiatry
Narcoanalysis and Criminal Law; John Mcdonald et al.
  	 	 1954; Band 111; S.283-288

American Journal of Psychiatry
Narcoanalysis and Allied Procedures; Harry L. Mackinnon
   	 1948; Band 105; S.224-225

American Journal of Psychiatry
Psychic Driving; Donald Ewen Cameron
   	 Januar 1956; S.502-509

Bidermann & Zimmer: "Manipulation of Human Behavior" (61)
	John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York; London

Fraser, F.M., Isbell, H. Eisenmann, A.J., et. al.
	Chronic Barbiturate Intoxication. Further Studies

PROJECT MKULTRA, THE CIA'S PROGRAM OF RESEARCH IN
BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION, joint hearing before the Select Committee on Health and
Scientific Research of the Committee on Human Resources, Unites States Senate
(Washington: Government Printing Office, 1977).

Robert Eringer, "Secret Agent Man," ROLLING STONE, 1985.

 John Marks interview with Victor Marchetti (Marks files, available at
	the National Security Archives, Washington, D.C.).


Estabrooks, HYPNOSIS (New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., Inc., 1957
	[revised edition])

Delgado, PHYSICAL CONTROL OF THE MIND

Delgado, "Intracerebral Radio Stimulation and Recording in Completely
	free patients,"

Alan W. Scheflin and Edward M. Opton, Jr., THE MIND MANIPULATORS
	(London: Paddington Press, 1978), 347.

Gordon Thomas, JOURNAY INTO MADNESS, 276.

Vernon Mark and Frank Ervin, VIOLENCE AND THE BRAIN (New York:
Harper and Row, 1970), chapter 12, excerpted in INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND THE
FEDERAL ROLE IN BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION, prepared by the Staff of the Subcom-
mittee on Constitutional Rights of the Committee of the Judiciary, United
States Senate (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1974).

 John Lilly, THE SCIENTIST (Berkeley, Ronin Publishing, 1988 [revised
edition]),

Scheflin and Opton, THE MIND MANIPULATORS
.
Robert L. Schwitzgebel and Richard M. Bird, "Sociotechnical Design
Factors in Remote Instrumentation with Humans in Natural Environments,"
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS AND INSTRUMENTATION, 1970, 2, 99-105.

Perry London, BEHAVIOR CONTROL (New York: Harper and Row, 1969), 145

Lawrence, WERE WE CONTROLLED?, Anita Gregory,
	"Introduction to Leonid L. Vasilev's EXPERIMENTS IN DISTANT INFLUENCE,
	" PSYCHIC WARFARE:FACT OR FICTION (editor: John White) (Nottinghamshire:
Aquarian, 1988)

HUMAN DRUG TESTING BY THE CIA

Ronald I. Adams R.A. Williams, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
RADIATION (RADIOWAVES AND MICROWAVES) EURASIAN COMMUNIST COUNTRIES,
(Defense Intelligence Agency, March 1976.)

Keeler, "Remote Mind Control Technology."

R.J. MacGregor, "A Brief Survey of Literature Relating to Influence of Low
Intensity Microwaves on Nervous Function" (Santa Monica: RAND Corporation,
1970).

Larry Collins, "Mind Control," PLAYBOY, January 1990.

Allan H. Frey, "Behavioral Effects of Electromagnetic Energy,"

SYMPOSIUM ON BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND MEASUREMENTS OF RADIO FREQUENCIES/MICRO-
WAVES, DeWitt G. Hazzard, editor (U.S. Department of Health, Education and
Welfare, 1977).

L. George Lawrence, "Electronics and Brain Control," POPULAR
ELECTRONICS, July 1973.

Susan Schiefelbein, "The Invisible Threat," SATURDAY REVIEW,
September 15, 1979.

E. Preston, "Studies on the Nervous System, Cardiovascular Function
and Thermoregulation," BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIO FREQUENCY AND MICROWAVE
RADIATION, edited by H.M. Assenheim (Ottawa, Canada: National Research
Council of Canada, 1979), 138-141.

Martin T. Orne, "Can a hypnotized subject be compelled to carry out
otherwise unacceptable behavior?" INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERI-
MENTAL HYPNOSIS, 1972, Vol. 20, 101-117.

John G. Watkins, "Antisocial behavior under hypnosis: Possible or
impossible?" INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPNOSIS,
1972, Vol. 20, 95-100.

Milton H. Erickson, "An experimental investigation of the possible
anti-social use of hypnosis," PSYCHIATRY, 1939, vol. 2.

Martin T. Orne, "On the Mechanisms of Posthypnotic Amnesia," THE
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPNOSIS, 1966, vol. 14,
121-134.

William Kroger, CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPNOSIS (Philadelphia:

William C. Coe ET AL. "An Approach Toward Isolating Factors that Influence
Antisocial Conduct in Hypnosis," THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND
EXPERIMENTAL HYPNOSIS, 1972, vol XX, no. 2, 118-131

 "CIA able to control minds by hypnosis, data shows,"
THE WASHINGTON POST, February 19, 1978.

One ARTICHOKE document explicitly details a failed attempt to use
hypnosis to induce the assassination of a foreign leader. The document is
undated; the experiment took place January 8-January 15, 1954. Document
reproduced in CIA PAPERS, vol. 1 (Ann Arbor, MI: Capitol Information Asso-
ciates, 1986),39-41.

ACID DREAMS, by Martin A. Lee and Bruce Shlain (Grove, 1985). Outstanding
      work on MKULTRA and drugs.

THE BODY ELECTRIC, by Robert Becker (Morrow, 1985). Important.

THE BRAIN CHANGERS, by Maya Pines (Signet, 1973). Outdated, but an excellent
      chapter on the stimoceiver and related technologies.

BRAIN CONTROL, by Elliot Valenstein (John Wiley and Sons, 1973). Highly
      conservative; outdated; still worth reading.

CIA PAPERS, compiled by Capitol Information Associates (POB 8275, Ann Arbor,
      Michigan, 48107). Interesting selection of MKULTRA documents.

THE CONTROL OF CANDY JONES, by Donald Bain (Playboy Press, 1976). Mandatory
      reading.

HUMAN DRUG TESTING BY THE CIA, hearings before the Subcommittee on Health and
      Scientific Research on the Committee on Human Resources, United States
      Senate (Government Printing Office, 1977).

HYPNOTISM, by George Estabrooks (Dutton, 1957). See especially the chapters
      on hypnosis in warfare and crime. Some modern experts in clinical
      hypnosis decry Estabrooks' work. These "experts" tend to have a history
      of funding by CIA cut-outs and military intelligence. I suspect they
      denounce Estabrooks not because his work was shoddy, but because he let
      the cat out of the bag.

INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND THE FEDERAL ROLE IN BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION, by the Staff
      of the Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights of the Committee of the
      Judiciary, United States Senate (Government Printing Office, 1974).

MEGABRAIN, by Michael Hutchison (Ballantine, 1986). The only popular book
      on modern mind machines.

MESSENGERS OF DECEPTION, by Jacques Vallee (And/Or, 1979). Vallee has been
      criticized, correctly, for including in this book invented "conver-
      sations" with a composite character he calls Major Murphy. But the
      section on cults in this book bears a haunting resemblance to stories
      I have heard in my own investigations.

THE MIND MANIPULATORS, by Opton and Scheflin (Paddington Press, 1978). Con-
      servative, but extremely useful as a reference work.

MIND WARS, by Ronald McCrae (St. Martin's Press, 1984).

OPERATION MIND CONTROL, by Walter Bowart (Dell, 1978). The best single volume
      on the subject. Difficult to find; indeed, this book's rapid disappear-
      ance from bookstores and libraries has aroused the suspicions of some
      researchers. (Tom David Books, POB 1107, Aptos, CA 95001, carries this
      work.)

PHYSICAL CONTROL OF THE MIND, by Jose Delgado (Harper and Row, 1969). Outdated
      but still essential.

PROJECT MKULTRA, joint hearing before the Select Committee on Health and
      Scientific Research of the Committee on Human Resources, United States
      Senate (Government Printing Office, 1977).

PSYCHIC WARFARE: FACT OR FICTION? edited by John White (Aquarian, 1988). See
      especially Michael Rossman's contribution.

PSYCHOTECHNOLOGY, Robert L. Schwitzgebel and Ralph K. Schwitzgebel (Holt,
      Rhinehart and Winston, 1973).

THE SCIENTIST, by John Lilly (expanded edition: Ronin, 1988). Bizarre --
      Lilly is an ex-"brainwashing" specialist who claims to be in contact
      with aliens. Is he controlled or controlling?

THE SEARCH FOR "THE MANCHURIAN CANDIDATE", by John Marks (Bantam, 1978). An
      invaluable book. However, many people have made the mistake of assuming
      it tells the full story. It does not.

WERE WE CONTROLLED? by Lincoln Lawrence (University Books, 1967). Explores
      possible connections to the JFK assassination. Dr. Petter Lindstrom's
   endorsement of this work makes it mandatory reading.

WHO KILLED JOHN LENNON? by Fenton Bresler (St. Martin's Press, 1989).
      Interesting thesis concerning the possible use of mind control on Mark
      David Chapman. Better in its analysis of Chapman than in its history
      of mind control.

THE ZAPPING OF AMERICA, by Paul Brodeur (MacLeod [Canadian edition], 1976).
      Contains a good chapter on microwave mind control technology.


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