ÕÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͸ ³ ³ ³ ------Narcotic Pain Relievers------ ³ ³ ³ ³ A. Narcotic and Aspirin ³ ³ B. Narcotic and Acetaminophen ³ ³ C. Narcotic Analgesics ³ ³ ³ ÔÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ; NARCOTIC AND ASPIRIN BRAND NAMES (Generic names in capitals) 222 Darvon-N with A.S.A. 282 Dolene Compound 292 Doxaphene Compound A&C with codeine DROCODE, ASPIRIN & CAFFEINE A.C.& C. Emcodeine Ancasal Empirin with Codeine Anexsia with Codeine HYDROCODONE, ASPIRIN & CAFFEINE Anexsia-D Instantine Plus A.S.A. and Codeine Novo AC&C Compound Oxycodan Ascriptin with Codeine OXYCODONE & ASPIRIN ASPIRIN & CODEINE PENTAZOCINE & ASPIRIN ASPIRIN, CODEINE & Percodan CAFFEINE Percodan-Demi Bexophene PROPOXYPHENE & ASPIRIN BUFFERED ASPIRIN & PROPOXYPHENE ASPIRIN & CODEINE CAFFEINE Codoxy SK-65 Compound Coryphen with Codeine SK-Oxycodone with Aspirin C2 with Codeine Synalgos-DC Damason-P Talwin Compound Darvon Compound Darvon with A.S.A. BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? Yes Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Narcotic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory USES Reduces pain, fever, inflammation. Suppresses cough. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or food. When to take: When needed. No more often than every 4 hours. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4 hours for next dose. What drug does: Affects hypothamamus, the part of the brain which regulates temperature by dilating small blood vessels in skin. Prevents clumping of platelets (small blood cells) so blood vessels remain open. Decreases prostaglandin effect. Suppresses body's pain messages. Reduces sensitivity of brain's cough-control center. Time lapse before drug works: 30 minutes. Don't take with: Tetracyclines. Space doses 1 hour apart. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: Hives, rash, intense Seek emergency treatment itching, faintness immediately. soon after a dose (anaphylaxis). Clot or pain over Discontinue. Seek blood vessel, cold emergency treatment. hands, feet. Common: Nausea, abdominal Discontinue. Call doctor cramps or pain. right away. Dizziness, red or Continue. Call doctor flushed face, frequent when convenient. urination, unusual tiredness, ringing in ears, heartburn, indigestion. Infrequent: Constipation, Discontinue. Call doctor abdominal pain or right away. cramps, vomiting. Rare: Slow heartbeat; Discontinue. Call doctor change in vision; right away. black, bloody or tarry stool; blood in urine; jaundice. Depression, blurred Continue. Call doctor vision. when convenient. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Ringing in ears; nausea; vomiting; dizziness; fever; deep sleep; slow breathing; slow pulse; flushed, warm skin; constricted pupils; hallucinatins; convulsions; coma. What to do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to any narcotic or subject to any substance abuse. You have a peptic ulcer of stomach of duodenum or a bleeding disorder. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have impaired liver or kidney function, asthma or nasal polyps. If you have had stomach or duodenal ulcers, gout. If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia. Over age 60: More likely to be drowsy, dizzy, unsteady or constipated. Use only if absolutely necessary. More likely to cause hidden bleeding in stomach or intestines. Watch for dark stools. Pregnancy: Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk and may harm child. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Not recommended. Prolonged use: Causes psychologican and physican dependence (addiction) Kidney damage. Periodic kidney-function test recommended. Skin and sunlight: May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or sunlamp. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes, such as antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, pain medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs. Discontinuing: May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's instructions. Others: Aspirin can complicate surgery, pregnancy, labor and delivery, and illness. Urine tests for blood sugar may be inaccurate. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Acebutolol Decreased antihypertensive effect of acebutolol. Allopurinol Decreased allopurinol effect. Antacids Decreased aspirin effect. Anticoagulants Increased anticoagulant effect. Abnormal bleeding. Antidepressants Increased sedative effect. Antidiabetics (oral) Low blood sugar. Anti-inflammatory drugs Risk of stomach bleeding (non-steroid) and ulcers. Aspirin (other) Likely aspirin toxicity. Cortisone drugs Increased cortisone effect. Risk of ulcers and stomach bleeding. Furosemide Possible aspirin toxicity. Gold compounds Increased likelihood of kidney damage. Indomethacin Risk of stomach bleeding and ulcers. Methotrexate Increased methotrexate effect. Minoxidil Decreased minoxidil effect. Narcotics (other) Increased narcotic effect. Nitrates Excessive blood-pressure drop. Oxprenolol Decreased antihypertensive effect of oxprenolol. Para-aminosalicylic acid Possible aspirin toxicity. (PAS) Penicillins Increased effect of both drugs. Phenobarbital Decreased aspirin effect. Phenytoin Increased phenytoin effect. Probenecid Decreased probenecid effect. Propranolol Decreased aspirin effect. Rauwolfia alkaloids Decreased aspirin effect. Salicylates (other) Likely aspirin toxicity. Sedatives Increased sedative effect. Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect. Sleep inducer. Spironolactone Decreased spironolactone effect. Sulfinpyrazone Decreased sulfinpyrazone effect. Terfenadine Possible excessive sedation. May conceal symptoms of aspirin overdose, such as ringing in ears. Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect. Vitamin C (large doses) Possible aspirin toxicity. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Possible stomach irritation and bleeding. Increases alcohol's intoxicating effect. Avoid Beverages None expected. Cocaine Decreased cocaine toxic effects. Avoid. Foods None expected. Marijuana Impairs physical and mental performance. Avoid. Tobacco None expected. NARCOTIC & ACETAMINOPHEN BRAND NAMES (Generic names in capitals) ACETAMINOPHEN & CODEINE Lortab 7 Aceta with Codeine MEPERIDINE & ACETAMINOPHEN Amacodone Norcet Atasol with Codeine Oxycocet Bancap-HC OXYCODONE & ACETAMINOPHEN Bayapap with Codeine PENTAZOCINE & ACETAMINOPHEN Codap Percocet Co-gesic Percocet-Demi Cotabs Phenaphen with Codeine Darvocet-N PROPOXYPHENE & ACETAMINOPHEN Demerol-APAP Proval Dolacet SK-APAP with Codeine Dolene-AP SK-Oxycodone and Dolo-Pap Acetaminophen Duradyne DHC SK-65 APAP Empracet with Codeine Talacen Exdol with Codeine T-Gesic Forte Hycodaphen Tylenol with Codeine HYDROCODONE & ACETAMINOPHEN Tylox Hydrogesic Ty-Tabs Lortab 5 Vicodin Wygesic BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? Yes Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Narcotic, analgesic, fever-reducer USES Relieves pain. Suppresses cough. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or food. Drops or liquid--Dilute dose in beverage before swallowing. When to take: When needed. No more often than every 4 hours. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4 hours for next dose. What drug does: May affect hypothalamus--the part of the brain that helps regulate body heat and receives body's pain messages. Blocks pain messages to brain and spinal cord. Reduces sensitivity of brain's cough-control center. Time lapse before drug works: 15 to 30 minutes. May last 4 hous. Don't take with: Other drugs with acetaminophen. Too much acetaminophen can damage liver and kidneys. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: Irregular or slow Discontinue. Seek emergency heartbeat, difficult treatment. breathing. Common: Dizziness, agitation, Continue. Call doctor tiredness. when convenient. Infrequent: Abdominal pain, Discontinue. Call doctor constipation, vomiting. right away. Rare: Fatigue; itchy skin; Discontinue. Call doctor rash; sore throat, right away. fever, mouth sores; bruising and bleeding increased; painful or difficult urination; blood in urine; anemia; blurred vision. Depression. Continue. Call doctor when convenient. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Stomach upset; irritability; convulsions; deep sleep; slow breathing; slow pulse; flushed, warm skin; constricted pupils; coma. What to do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to any narcotic or acetaminophen. Your symptoms don't improve after 2 days use. Call your doctor. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have bronchial asthma, kidney disease or liver damage. If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia. Over age 60: More likely to be drowsy, dizzy, unsteady or constipated. Don't exceed recommended dose. You can't emiminate drug as efficiently as younger persons. Use only if absolutely necessary. Pregnancy: Decide with your doctor whether drug benefits justify risk to unborn child. Abuse by pregnant woman will result in addicted newborn. Withdrawal of newborn can be life-threatening. Breast-feeding: Drug filters into milk. May harm child. Avoid. Infants and children: Not recommended. Prolonged use: Causes psychological and physical dependence (addiction). May affect blood stream and cause anemia. Limit use to 5 days for children 12 and under, and 10 days for adults. Skin and sunlight: May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or sunlamp. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes, such as antihistamines, tranquilizsers, sedatives, pain medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs. Discontinuing: Discontinue in 2 days if symptoms don't improve. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Analgesics (other) Increased analgesic effect. Anticoagulants (other) May increase anticoagulant effect. Prothrombin times should be monitored. Anticholinergics Increased anticholinergic effect. Antidepressants Increased sedative effect. Antihistamines Increased sedative effect. Mind-altering drugs Increased sedative effect. Narcotics (other) Increased narcotic effect. Nitrates Excessive blood-pressure drop. Phenobarbital and other Quicker elimination and barbiturates decreased effect of acetaminophen. Phenothiazines Increased phenothiazine effect. Sedatives Increased sedative effect. Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect. Terfenadine Possible oversedation. Tetracyclines May slow tetracycline absorption. Space doses 2 hours apart. Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Increases alcohol's intoxicating effect. Avoid. Beverages None expected. Cocaine Increased cocaine toxic effects. Avoid. Foods None expected. Marijuana Impairs physical and mental performance. Avoid. Tobacco None expected. NARCOTIC ANALGESICS BRAND NAMES AND GENERIC NAMES (Generic Names in capitals) 642 Dolophine Pargesic Aceta w/Codeine Dolor Pavadon Acetaco Doxaphene Paveral Acetaminophen/Codeine Dromoran Pediacof Actifed-C Dularin PENTAZOCINE Actifec_C Expectorant Duramorph PF Percodan Adatuss Dynosal Pethadol Algodex Empirin w/Codeine Pethidine Ambenyl Empracet w/Codeine Phenaphen w/Codeine Anaphen Emprazil-C Phenergan A.P.C. w/Codeine Phos. Ephedrol w/Codeine Phrenilin Arthralgen Epimorph Physeptone Ascriptin w/Codeine Esgic Poly-Histine w/Codeine Aspirin w/Codeine FL-Tussex Presalin Axotal Florinal w/Codeine Prodolor Bancap w/Codeine Fortral Profene Banesin Forte Gaysal Promethazine w/Codeine More [Y,n,=]? = BUTORPHANOL Hasacode Pro-65 Calcidrine Hycodan Proxagesic Calcidrine Syrup Hycotuss Proxene Capital w/Codeine HYDROCODONE Prunicodeine Cetro Cirose HYDROMORPHONE RMS Uniserts Cheracol Isoclor Robidone Coastaldyne Levo-Dromoran Robitussin A-C Coastalgesic Levorphan Roxanol Codalan LEVORPHANOL Roxanol SR Codalex Liquix-C S-A-C Codap Lo-Tussin Salatin CODEINE Maxigesic Saleto Codeine Sulfate Mepergan Fortis Salimeph Forte Codimal PH MEPERIDINE Sedapap Coditrate METHADONE SK-APAP w/Codeine Codone Methadose Soma Comp.w/Codeine Colrex Compound Metrogesic Sorbase II Copavin Minotal Stadol Corutol DH MORPHINE Statex Cotussis Morphitec Strascogesic Co-Xan M.O.S. Syrup Supac Dapase MS Contin Supeudol Darvocet-N 100 MSIR Sylapar Darvon MST Continus Synalgos-DC Demer-idine NALBUPHINE Talwin Demerol Novahistine DH Talwin-NX Depronal-SA Novopropoxyn Terpin Hydrate w/Cod. Dialog Nubain Triaminic w/Codeine Dicodid Numorphan Trigesic Dihydromorphinone OPIUM Tussar Dilaudid Ossonate-Plus Tussend Dilaudid-HP OXYCODONE Tussi-Organidin Dimetane-DC OXYMORPHONE Tylenol w/Codeine Dimetane Expectorant Pantapon Vicodin Dolene PAREGORIC BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? Yes Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Narcotic USES Relieves pain. Suppresses cough. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or food. Drops or liquid--Dilute dose in beverage before swallowing. When to take: When needed. No more often than every 4 hours. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4 hours for next dose. What drug does: Blocks pain messages to brain and spinal cord. Reduces sensitivity of brain's cough-control center. Time lapse before drug works: 30 minutes. Don't take with: See interaction column and consult doctor. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What to do ____________________________________________________________________ Life-threatening: None expected. Common: Dizziness, flushed face, Continue. Call doctor when difficult urination, unusual convenient. tiredness. Infrequent: Severe constipation, Discontinue. Call doctor abdominal pain, vomiting right away. Rare: Hives, rash, itchy skin, Discontinue. Call doctor face swelling, slow right away. heartbeat, irregular breathing. Depression, blurred vision. Continue. Call doctor when convenient. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Deep sleep, slow breathing; slow pulse; flushed, warm skin; constricted pupils. What to do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to any narcotic. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have impaired liver or kidney function. If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia. Over age 60: More likely to be drowsy, dizzy, unsteady or constipated. Use only if absolutely necessary. Pregnancy: Decide with your doctor whether drug benefits justify risk to unborn child. Abuse by pregnant woman will result in addicted newborn. Withdrawal of newborn can be life-threatening. Breast-feeding: Drug filters into milk. May harm child. Avoid. Infants & children: Not recommended. Prolonged use: Causes psychological and physical dependence (addiction). Skin and sunlight: May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or sunlamp. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes, such as antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, pain medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs. Discontinuing: May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's instructions. Others: No problems expected. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic name or drug class Combined effect ____________________________________________________________________ Analgesics (other) Increased analgesic effect. Anticholinergics Increased anticholinergic effect. Antidepressants Increased sedative effect. Antihistamines Increased sedative effect. Mind-altering drugs Increased sedative effect. Molindone Increased narcotic effect. Narcotics (other) Increased narcotic effect. Nitrates Excessive blood-pressure drop. Phenothiazines Increased phenothiazine effect. Sedatives Increased sedative effect. Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect. Terfenadine Possible oversedation. Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts with Combined effect ____________________________________________________________________ Alcohol Increases alcohol's intoxicating effect. Avoid. Beverages None expected. Cocaine Increased cocaine toxic effects. Avoid. Foods None expected. Marijuana Impairs physical and mental performance. Avoid. Tobacco None expected. ÕÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͸ ³ ³ ³ ------Dermal (Skin) Medications------ ³ ³ ³ ³ A. Anesthetics (Topical) ³ ³ B. Benzoyl Peroxide ³ ³ C. Isotretinoin ³ ³ ³ ÔÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ; ANESTHETICS (TOPICAL) BRAND AND GENERIC NAMES (generic names in capitals) Aero Caine CYCLOMETHYCAINE Nupercainal Cream Aero Caine Aerosol Derma-Medicone Nupercainal Oint. Aerotherm Dermacoat Nupercainal Spray Americaine Dermo-Gen Panthocal A & D Americaine Aerosol Dermoplast Perifoam Americaine Oint. Dibucaine Pontocaine Anbesol Diothane Pontocaine Cream Anestacon DIPERODON Pontocaine Oint. Bactine Dyclone PRAMOXINE Benzocaine DYCLONINE Prax Benzocaine Topical Ethyl Aminobenzoate Proctodon Benzocal Foille Proctofoam BiCozene Hexathricin Aerospra Proxine Burntame HEXYLCAINE Quotane BUTACAINE Hurricaine Rectal Medicone BUTAMBEN Isotraine Soft-N-Soothe Butesin Picrate Ivy-Dry Cream Solarcaine Butyl aminobenzoate Lanacane Surfacaine Butyn Sulfate Lida-Mantle Tega-Caine Caine Spray Lidocaine Tega-Dyne Cal-Vi-Nol Lidocaine Oint. TETRACAINE Cetacaine Lignocaine Tronolane Cetacine Medicone Tronothane Chiggerex Medicone Dressing Unguentine Chiggertox Mercurochrome II Unguentine Plus Clinicaine Morusan Unguentine Spray Cyclaine Nupercainal Urolocaine Cyclaine Solution Velvacaine Xylocaine Xylocaine Oint. BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? High strength: Yes Low strength: No Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Anesthetic (topical) USES Releives pain and itch of sunburn, insect bites, scratches and other minor skin irritations. Relieves discomfort and itch of hemorrhoids and other disorders of anus and rectum. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to use: Suppositories--Remove wrapper and moisten suppository with water. Gently insert larger end into rectum. Push well into rectum with finger. All other forms--Use only enough to cover irritated area. Follow instructions on label. When to use: When needed for discomfort, no more often than every hour. If you forget an application: Use as needed. What drug does: Blocks pain impulses from skin to brain. Time lapse before drug works: 3 to 15 minutes. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: None expected. Infrequent: Nervousness; Discontinue. Call doctor trembling; hives, right away. rash, itch; inflammation or tenderness not present before application; slow heartbeat. Dizziness, blurred Continue. Call doctor vision, swollen feet. when convenient. Rare: Blood in urine. Discontinue. Call doctor right away. Increased or painful Continue. Call doctor urination. when convenient. OVERDOSE Symptoms: If swallowed or inhaled--dizziness, nervousness, trembling, seizures. What to do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't use if: You are allergic to any topical anesthetic. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have skin infection at site of treatment. If you have had severe or extensive skin disorders such as eczema or psoriasis. If you have bleeding hemorrhoids. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons. Pregnancy: No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid it possible. Breast-feeding: No problems expected. Infants and children. Use caution. More likely to be absorbed through skin and cause adverse reactions. Prolonged use: Possible excess absorption. Don't use longer than 3 days for any one problem. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: No problems expected. Discontinuing: May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's instructions. Others: No problems expected. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Sulfa drugs Decreased effect of sulfa drugs for infection. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol None expected. Beverages None expected. Cocaine Possible nervous-system toxicity. Avoid. Foods None expected. Marijuana None expected. Tobacco None expected. BENZOYL PEROXIDE BRAND NAMES Acetoxyl H2Oxyl Acne-Aid Intraderm-19 Allercreme Clear-up Loroxide Alquam-X Neutrogena Acne Mask Ben-Aqua Oxyderm Benoxyl Oxy-5 Benzac Oxy-10 Benzac W PanOxyl Benzagel PanOxyl AQ Buf-Oxal Persadox Clear By Design Persadox HP Clearasil Persa-Gel Clearasil BP(M) Persa-Gel W Cuticura Acne PHisoAc BP Dermodex Porox 7 Dermoxyl Propa P.H. Desquam-X Propa P.H. Porox Dry and Clean Teen Dry and Clear Topex Eloxyl Vanoxide Epi-Clear Vanoxide-HC Fostex Xerac BP Foxtex BPO Zeroxin BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? No Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Antiacne (topical) USES Treatment for acne. Decreases wrinkles in face. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to use: Cream, gel, pads, sticks or lotion--Wash affected area with plain soap and water. Dry gently with towel. Rub medicine into affected areas. Keep away from eyes, nose, mouth. When to use: Apply 1 or more times daily. If you have a fair complexion, start with single application at bedtime. If you forget an application: Use as soon as you remember. What drug does: Slowly releases oxygen from skin, which controls some skin bacteria. Also causes peeling and drying, helping control blackheads and whiteheads. Time lapse before drug works: 1 to 2 weeks. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening None expected. Common: None expected. Infrequent: Rash, excessive Discontinue. Call doctor dryness. right away. Painful skin Continue. Call doctor irritation. when convenient. Rare: None expected. OVERDOSE Symptoms: None expected. What to do: If person swallows drug, call doctor, poison-control center or hospital emergency room for instructions. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to benzoyl peroxide. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you plan to become pregnant within medication period. If you take oral contraceptives. Over age 60: No problems expected. Pregnancy: No proben problems. Consult doctor. Breast-feeding: No proven problems. Consult doctor. Infants and children: Not recommended. Prolonged use: Permanent rash or scarring. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: No problems expected. Discontinuing: May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Discontinue when acne improves. If acne doesn't improve in 2 weeks, call doctor. Others: Keep away from hair and clothing. May bleach. Store away from heat in cool, dry place. Avoid contact with eyes, lips, nose and sensitive areas of the neck. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Antiacne topical Excessive skin irritation. preparations (other) Skin-peeling agents Excessive skin irritation. (salicylic acid, sulfur, resorcinol, tretinoin). POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol None expected. Beverages None expected. Cocaine None expected. Foods Cinnamon, foods Skin rash. with benzoic acid. Marijuana None expected. Tobacco None expected. ISOTRETINOIN BRAND NAMES Accutane BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? No Drug classification: Antiacne USES Decreases cystic acne formation in severe cases. Certain other skin disorders involving an overabundance of outer skin layer. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen stomach irritation. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or food. When to take: Twice a day. Follow prescription directions. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose and double dose. What drug does: Reduces sebaceous gland activity and size. Time lapse before drug works: May require 15 to 20 weeks to experience full benefit. Don't take with: Vitamin A or supplements containing Vitamin A. POSSIBLE ADVERSE SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: Burning, red, itching Discontinue. Call doctor eyes; lip scaling. right away. Itchy skin. Continue. Call doctor when convenient. Frequent: Dry mouth. Continue. Tell doctor at next visit. (Suck ice or chew gum). Infrequent: Rash, infection, Discontinue. Call doctor nausea, vomiting. right away. Headache; pain in Continue. Call doctor muscles, bones, when convenient. joints; hair thinning; tiredness. Rare: None expected. OVERDOSE Symptoms: None reported. What to do: Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor, poison-control center or hospital emergency room for instructions. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to isotretinoin. You are pregnant or plan pregnancy. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have diabetes. If you or any member of family have high triglyceride levels in blood. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons. Pregnancy: Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug filters into milk. May harm child. Avoid. Infants and children: Not recommended. Prolonged use: Possible damage to cornea. Skin and sunlight: May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or sunlamp. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: No problems expected. Discontinuing: Single course of treatment usually all needed. If second course required, wait 8 weeks after completing first course. Others: Use only for severe cases of cystic acne that have not responded to less hazardous forms of acne treatment. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Vitamin A Additive toxic effect of each. Avoid. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Significant increase in triglycerides in blood. Avoid. Beverages No problems expected. Cocaine Increased chance of toxicity of isotretinoin. Avoid. Foods No problems expected. Marijuana Increased chance of toxicity of isotretinoin. Avoid. Tobacco May decrease absorption of medicine. Avoid tobacco while in treatment. CHECKLIST FOR SAFER DRUG USE Tell your doctor about any drug you take (even aspirin, allergy pills, laxatives, vitamins, etc.) before you take any new drug. Learn all you can about drugs you may take before you take them. Information sources are your doctor, your nurse, your pharmacist, books in your public library and this file. Don't take drugs prescribed for someone else--even if your symptoms are the same. Keep your prescription drugs to yourself. Your drugs may be harmful to someone else. Tell your doctor about any symptoms you believe are caused by a drug--prescription or non-prescription--that you take. Take only medicines that are necessary. Avoid taking non-prescription drugs while taking prescription drugs for a medical problem. Before your doctor prescribes for you, tell him about your previous experiences with any drug--beneficial results, adverse reactions or allergies. Take medicine in good light after you have identified it. If you wear glasses to read, put them on to check drug labels. It is easy to take the wrong drug at the wrong time. Don't keep any drugs that change mood, alertness or judgment--such as sedatives, narcotics or tranquilizers--by your bedside. These cause many accidental deaths by overdose. You may unknowingly repeat a dose when you are half asleep or confused. Know the names of your medicines. These include the generic name, the brand name and the generic names of all ingredients in a drug mixture. Your doctor, nurse or pharmacist can give you this information. Study the labels on all non-prescription drugs. If the information is incomplete or if you have questions, ask the pharmacist for more details. If you must deviate from your prescribed dose schedule, tell your doctor. Shake liquid medicines before taking. ÕÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͸ ³ ³ ³ ------Anti-infectives------ ³ ³ ³ ³ A. Chloramphenicol ³ ³ B. Erythromycins ³ ³ C. Clindamycin ³ ³ D. Lincomycin ³ ³ E. Trimthroprim ³ ³ ³ ÔÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ; CHLORAMPHENICOL BRAND NAMES Amphicol Mychel Antibiopto Mychel-S Chloromycetin Nova-Phenicol Cloroptic Novochlorocap Econochlor Ophthochlor Fenicol Ophthocort Isopto Fenicol Pentamycetin Minims Sopamycetin BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Antibiotic USES Treatment of infections susceptible to chlorampehnicol. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. Eye solution or ointment, ear solution or cream--Follow label instructions. When to take: Tablet or capsule--1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: Prevents bacteria from growing and reproducing. Will not kill viruses. Time lapse before drug works: 2 to 5 days, depending on type and severity of infection. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: Hives, rash Seek emergency treatment intense itching, immediately. faintness soon after a dose (anaphylaxis). Common: None expected Infrequent: Swollen face or Discontinue. Call doctor extremities; diarrhea; right away. nausea; vomiting; numbness, tingling, burning pain or weakness in hands and feet. Headache, confusion Continue. Call doctor when convenient. Rare: Pain, blurred vision, Discontinue. Call doctor possible vision loss, right away. sore throat, fever, jaundice, anemia. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. What to do: Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor, poison-control center or hospital emergency room for instructions. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to chloramphenicol. It is prescribed for a minor disorder such as flu, cold or mild sore throat. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have had a blood disorder or bone-marrow disease. If you have had kidney or liver disease. If you have diabetes. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons, particularly skin irritation around rectum. Pregnancy: Risk ot unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Don't give to infants younger than 2. Prolonged use: You may become more susceptible to infections caused by germs not responsive to chloramphenicol. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes. Discontinuing: Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish or disappear. Others: Chloramphenicol can cause serious anemia. Frequent laboratory blood studies, liver and kidney tests recommended. Second medical opinion recommended before starting. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Anticoagulants Increased anticoagulant effect. Antidiabetics (oral) Increased antidiabetic effect. Cyclophosphamide Decreased cyclophosphamide effect. Flecainide Possible decreased blood-cell production in bone marrow. Penicillins Decreased penicillin effect. Phenytoin Increased phenytoin effect. Tocainide Possible decreased blood-cell production in bone marrow. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Possible liver problems. May cause disulfiram reaction (see Glossary). Beverages None expected. Cocaine No proven problems. Foods None expected. Marijuana None expected. Tobacco None expected. ERYTHROMYCINS BRAND AND GENERIC NAMES (Generic names in capitals) Apo-Erythro-S ERYTHROMYCIN LACTOBIONATE A/T/S ERYTHROMYCIN STEARATE Bristamycin Ethril Downmycin Ilosone E-Biotic Ilosone Estolate E.E.S. Ilotycin E-Mycin Ilotycin Gluceptate E-Mycin E Kesso-mycin Eryc Novorythro Ery-derm Pediazole EryPed Pediamycin Erymax Pendiamycin Erypar Pfizer-E Ery-Tab Robimycin Erythrocin RP-Mycin Erythrocin Ethyl Succinate SK-Erythromycin Erythromid Staticin ERYTHROMYCIN T-Star ERYTHROMYCIN ESTOLATE Wyamycin ERYTHROMYCIN ETHYLSUCCINATE Wyamycin E ERYTHROMYCIN GLUCEPTATE Wyamycin S BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prscription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Antibiotic (erythromycin). USES Treatment of infecitons responsive to erythromycin. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. Extended-release tablets or capsules--Swallow each dose whole. If you take regular tablets, you may chew or crush them. Liquid, drops, granules, skin ointment, eye ointment, skin solution--Follow prescription label directions. When to take: At the same times each day, 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. If you forget a dose: If you take 3 or more doses daily--Take as soon as you remember. Return to regular schedule. If you take 2 doses daily--Take as soon as you remember. Wait 5 to 6 hours for next dose. Return to regular schedule. What drug does: Prevents growth and reproduction of susceptible bacteria. Time lapse before drug works: 2 to 5 days. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: None expected. Infrequent: Diarrhea, nausea, Discontinue. Call doctor stomach cramps, right away. discomfort, vomiting. Skin dryness, Continue. Call doctor irritation, itch, when convenient. stinging with use of skin solution, sore mouth or tongue. Rare: Jaundice in adults. Discontinue. Call doctor right away. Unusual tiredness Continue. Call doctor or weakness. when convenient. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea. What to do: Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor, poison-control center or hospital emergency room for instructions. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to any erythromycin. You have had liver disease or impaired liver function. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have taken erythromycin estolate in the past. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons, especially skin reactions around genitals and anus. Pregnancy: No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid if possible. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Use only medical supervision. Prolonged use: You may become more susceptible to infections caused by germs not responsive to erythromycin. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting, or hazardous work: No problems expected. Discontinuing: You must take full dose at least 10 consecutive days for streptococcal or staphylococcal infections. Others: No problems expected. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Aminophylline Increased effect of aminophylline in blood. Lincomycins Decreased lincomycin effect. Oxtriphylline Increased level of oxtriphylline in blood. Penicillins Decreased penicillin effect. Theophylline Increased level of theophylline in blood. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Possible liver damage. Beverages None expected. Cocaine None expected. Foods None expected. Marijuana None expected. Tobacco None expected. CLINDAMYCIN BRAND NAMES Cleocin Dalacin C Cleocin-T BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? No Drug class: Antibiotic (lincomycin) USES Treatment of bacterial infections that are susceptible to clindamycin. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Capsule or liquid--Swallow with liquid 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. When to take: At the same time each day. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: Destroys susceptible bacteria. Does not kill viruses. Time lapse before drug works: 3 to 5 days. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What to Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: None expected. Infrequent: Unusual thirst; Discontinue. Call doctor vomiting; stomach right away. cramps; severe and watery diarrhea with blood or mucus; painful, swollen joints; jaundice; fever; tiredness; weakness; weight loss. White patches in Continue. Call doctor mouth; rash, itch when convenient. around groin, rectum or armpits; vaginal discharg, itching. Rare: None expected. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. What to do: Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor, poison-control center or hospital emergency room for instructions. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to lincomycins. You have had ulcerative colitis. Prescribed for infant under 1 month old. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have had yeast infections of mouth, skin or vagina. If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia. If you have kidney or liver disease. If you have allergies of any kind. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons. Pregnancy: Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Don't give to infants younger than 1 month. Use for children only under medical supervision. Prolonged use: Severe colitis with diarrhea and bleeding. You may become more susceptible to infections caused by germs not responsive to clindamycin. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: No problems expected. Discontinuing: Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish or disappear. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Antidiarrheal Decreased clindamycin preparations effect. Chloramphenicol Decreased clindamycin effect. Erythromycin Decreased clindamycin effect. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol None expected. Beverages None expected. Cocaine None expected. Foods None expected. Marijuana None expected. Tobacco None expected. LINCOMYCIN BRAND AND GENERIC NAMES (Generic names in capitals) Cleocin Lincocin CLINDAYCIN LINCOMYCIN Dalacin C BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? No Drug class: Antibiotic (lincomycin) USES Treatment of bacterial infections that are susceptible to lincomycin. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Capsule or liquid--Swallow with liquid 2 hour before or 2 hours afte reating. When to take: At the same times each day. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: Time lapse before drug works: 3 to 5 days. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected Common: None expected Infrequent: Unusual thirst; Discontinue. Call doctor vomiting; stomach right away. cramps; severe and watery diarrhea with blood or mucus; painful, swollen joints; jaundice; fever; tiredness; weakness; weight loss; rash; itch around groin, rectum or armpits; white patches in mouth; vaginal discharge, itching. Rare: None expected. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. What to do: Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor, poison-control center or hospital emergency room for instructions. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don'take if: You are allergic to lincomycins. You have had ulcerative colitis. Prescribed for infant under 1 month old. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have had yeast infections of mouth, skin or vagina. If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia. If you have kidney or liver disease. If you have allergies of any kind. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons. Pregnancy: Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Don't give to infants younger than 1 month. Use for children only under medical supervision. Prolonged use: Severe colitis with diarrhea and bleeding. You may become more susceptible to infections caused by germs not responsive to lincomycin. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: No problems expected. Discontinuing: Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish or disappear. Others: No problems expected. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Antidiarrheal Decreased lincomycin preparations effect. Chloramphenicol Decreased lincomycin effect. Erythromycin Decreased lincomycin effect. Loperamide May delay removal of toxins from colon in cases of diarrhea caused by side effects of lincomycin. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol None expected. Beverages None expected. Cocaine None expected: Foods None expected. Marijuana None expected. Tobacco None expected. TRIMETHOPRIM BRAND NAMES Apo-Sulfatrim Rovbac Bactrim Septra Cotrim SMZ-TMP Novotrimel Syraprim Proloprim Trimpex Protrin BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Antimicrobial USES Treatment for urinary-tract infections susceptible to trimethoprim. Helps prevent recurrent urinary-tract infections if taken once a day. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen stomach irritation. Drops--Dilute dose in beverage before swallowing. When to take: Space doses evenly in 24 hours to keep constant amount in urine. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as possible. Wait 5 to 6 hours before next dose. Then return to regular schedule. What drug does: Stops harmful bacterial germs from multiplying. Will not kill viruses. Time lapse before drug works: 2 to 5 days. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: Rash, itchy skin. Discontinue. Seek emergency treatment. Infrequent: Diarrhea, nausea, Discontinue. Call doctor vomiting, abdominal right away. pain. Headache. Continue. Call doctor when convenient. Rare: Blue fingernails, Discontinue. Seek emergency lips and skin; treatment. difficult breathing. Sore throat, fever. Discontinue. Call doctor right away. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. What to do: Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor, poison-control center or hospital emergency room for instructions. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to trimethoprim or any sulfa drug. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have had liver or kidney disease. Over age 60: Reduced liver and kidney function may require reduced dose. More likely to have severe anal and genital itch. Increased susceptibility to anemia. Pregnancy: Studies inconclusive on harm to unborn child. Animal studies show fetal abnormalities. Decide with your doctor whether drug benefits justify risk to unborn child. Breast-feeding: No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid if possible. Infants and children: Use under medical supervision only. Prolonged use: Anemia. Skin and sunlight: May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or sunlamp. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: No problems expected. Discontinuing: Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish or disappear. Others: No problems expected. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Diuretics (thiazide) Unusual bleeding or bruising. Flecainide Possible decreased blood-cell production in bone marrow. Sulfamethoxazole Beneficial increase of sulfamethoxazole effect. Tocainide Possible decreased blood-cell production in bone marrow. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Increased alcohol effect with Bactrim or Septra. Beverages None expected. Cocaine No proven problems. Foods None expected. Marijuana None expected. Tobacco None expected. ÕÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͸ ³ ³ ³ ------Antivirals------ ³ ³ ³ ³ A. Acyclovir ³ ³ B. Amantadine ³ ³ C. Ribavirin ³ ³ ³ ÔÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ; ACYCLOVIR (ORAL & TOPICAL) BRAND NAMES Zovirax Zovirax Ointment BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? No Drug class: Antiviral USES Treatment of severe herpes infecitons of genitals occurring for first time in special cases. Treatment of severe herpes infections on mucous membrane of mouth and lips in special cases. Used (although not yet approved by FDA) for shingles (herpes zoster) and chicken pos (varicella) in special cases. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. Ointment--Apply to skin and mucous membranes every 3 hours (6 times a day) for 7 days. Use rubber gloves when applying. Apply 1/2 inch strip to each sore or blister. Wash before using. When to use: As directed on label. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: Inhibits reproduction of virus in cells without killing normal cells. Does not cure. Herpes may recur. Time lapse before drug works: 2 hours POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: Rash, hives, itch, Continue. Call doctor mild pain, burning or when convenient. stinging of skin, lightheadedness, headache. Infrequent: Confusion, Discontinue. Call doctor hallucinations, right away. trembling. Rare: Abdominal pain, Discontinue. Call doctor decreased appetite, right away. nausea, vomiting, breathing difficulty, blood in urine, decreased urine volume. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Hallucinations, seizures, kidney shutdown. What To Do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to acyclovir. Before you start, consult your doctor: If pregnant or plan pregnancy. If breast-feeding. If you have kidney disease. If you have any nerve disorder. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons. Pregnancy: Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Use only under special medical supervision by experienced clinician. Prolonged use: Don't use longer than prescribed time. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: No problems expected. Discontinuing: May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's instructions. Others: Women: Get Pap smear every 6 months because those with herpes infections are more likely to develop cancer of cervix. Avoid sexual activity until all blisters or sores heal. Don't get medicine in eyes. Protect from freezing. Check with doctor if no improvement in 1 week. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Interferon Neurological abnormalities. Avoid. Methotrexate Neurological abnormalities. Avoid. Other medications that Increase kidney can cause toxic effects toxicity. on kidneys: Amikacin Amphotericin B Capreomycin Colistimethate Colistin Gentamycin Kanamycin Neomycin Netilmicin Polymixin B Probenecid Streptomycin Tobramycin Vancomycin POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Increased chance of brain and nervous system adverse reaction. Avoid. Beverages No problems expected. Cocaine Increased chance of brain and nervous system adverse reaction. Avoid. Food No problems expected Marijuana Increased chance of brain and nervous system adverse reaction. Avoid. Tobacco No problems expected. AMANTADINE BRAND NAMES Symmetrel BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? No Drug class: Antiviral, antiparkinsonism USES Treatment for Type-A flu infections. Relief for symptoms of Parkinson's disease. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid or food to lessen stomach irritation. Syrup--Dilute dose in beverage before swallowing. When to take: At the same times each day. For Type-A flu it is especially important to take regular doses as prescribed. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember. Wait 4 hours for next dose. Return to schedule. What drug does: Type-A flu--May block penetration of tissue cells by infectious material from virus cells. Parkinson's disease--Improves muscular condition and coordination. Time lapse before drug works: Type-A flu--48 hours. Parkinson's disease--2 days to 2 weeks. Don't take with: Alcohol POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: Hallucinations, Continue. Call doctor confusion, when convenient. lightheadedness. Dizziness, Continue. Tell doctor headache, at next visit. purple blotches, appetite loss, nausea. Dry mouth. No action necessary. Infrequent: Fainting, Discontinue. Call doctor slurred speech. right away. Difficult or Continue. Call doctor painful urination. when convenient. Rare: Rash, uncontrollable Discontinue. Call doctor rolling of eyes, right away. blurred vision, sore throat, fever. Vomiting. Continue. Call doctor when convenient. Constipation. Continue. Tell doctor at next visit. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Heart-rhythm disturbances, blood-pressure drop, convulsions, toxic psychosis. What To Do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to amantadine. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have had epilepsy or other seizures. If you have had heart disease or heart failure. If you have had liver or kidney disease. If you have had peptic ulcers. If you have had eczema or skin rashes. If you have had emotional or mental disorders or taken drugs for them. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons. Pregnancy: Studies inconclusive on harm to unborn child. Animal studies show fetal abnormalities. Decide with your doctor whether benefits justify risk to unborn child. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Use only under medical supervision. Prolonged use: Skin splotches, feet swelling, rapid weight gain, shortness of breath. Consult doctor. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes. Discontinuing: Parkinson's disease--Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish or disappear. Type-A flu--Discontinue 48 hours after symptoms disappear. Others: Parkinson's disease--May lose effectiveness in 3 to 6 months. Consult doctor. Amantadine may increase susceptibility to German measles. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Amphetamines Increased amantadine effect. Possible excessive stimulation and agitation. Anticholinergics Increased benefit, but excessive anticholinergic dose produces mental confusion, hallucinations, delirium. Appetite Increased amantadine suppressants effect. Possible excessive stimulation and agitation. Levodopa Increased benefit of levodopa. Can cause agitation. Sympathomimetics Increased amantadine effect. Possible excessive stimulation and agitation. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Increased alcohol effect. Possible fainting. Beverages None expected. Cocaine Dangerous overstimulation. Foods None expected. Marijuana None expected. Tobacco None expected. RIBAVIRIN BRAND NAMES Tribavirin Viramid Vilona Virazole BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? No Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? No Drug class: antiviral USES Treats severe viral pneumonia. Treats influenza A and B. It does NOT treat other viruses such as the common cold. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: By inhalation of a fine mist through mouth. Requires a special sprayer attached to oxygen mask, face mask for infants or hood. When to take: As ordered by your doctor. If you forget a dose: Use as soon as you remember. What drug does: Kills virus or prevents its growth. Time lapse before drug works: Begins working in 1 hour. May require treatment for 12 to 18 hours per day for 3 to 7 days. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: None expected. Infrequent: Blurred vision; Discontinue. Call doctor dizziness; fainting; right away. eye irritation; eyes more sensitive to light; red, swollen or itchy eyes. Rare: None expected. OVERDOSE Symptoms: None expected. What to do: Overdose unlikely to threaten life. If person takes much larger amount than prescribed, call doctor, poison-control center or hospital emergency room for instructions. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to ribavirin. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you are now on low-salt, low-sugar or any special diet. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons. Ask doctor about smaller doses. Pregnancy: Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Use only under close medical supervision. Prolonged use: No problems expected. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes, such as antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, pain medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs. Discontinuing: Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may require gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a long time. Doses of other drugs may also require adjustment. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect None expected. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol None expected. Beverages None expected. Cocaine None expected. Foods None expected. Marijuana None expected. Tobacco None expected. ÕÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ͸ ³ ³ ³ ------Sedative-Hypnotics------ ³ ³ ³ ³ A. Flurazepam ³ ³ B. Amobarbital ³ ³ C. Chloral Hydrate ³ ³ D. Pentobarbital - Secobarbital ³ ³ E. Temazepam ³ ³ F. Triazolam ³ ³ ³ ÔÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ; FLURAZEPAM BRAND NAMES Apo-Flurazepam Somnal Dalmane Som-Pam Novoflupam BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? Yes Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine) USES Treatment for insomnia and tension. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or food. When to take: At the same time each day, according to instructions on prescription label. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: Affects limbic system of brain--part that controls emotions. Induces near-normal sleep pattern. Time lapse before drug works: 30 minutes. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: Clumsiness, Continue. Call doctor drowsiness, dizziness. when convenient. Infrequent: Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call doctor confusion, right away. depression, irritability, rash, itch, change in vision. Constipation or Continue. Call doctor diarrhea, nausea, when convenient. vomiting, painful or difficult urination. Rare: Slow heartbeat, Discontinue. Seek difficult breathing. emergency treatment. Mouth, throat Discontinue. Call doctor ulcers, jaundice. right away. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Drowsiness, weakness, tremor, stupor, coma. What to do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to any benzodiazepine. You have myasthenia gravis. You are active or recovering alcoholic. Patient is younger than 6 months. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have liver, kidney or lung disease. If you have diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons. May develop agitation, rage or "hangover" effect. Pregnancy: Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Use only under medical supervision for children older than 6 months. Prolonged use: May impair liver function. Skin and sunlight: No problems expected. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes. Discontinuing: Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish or disappear. Others: Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce excretion and cause overdose. "Hangover" effect may occur. Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin adjustment. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Anticonvulsants Change in seizure frequency or severity. Antidepressants Increased sedative effect of both drugs. Antihistamines Increased sedative effect of both drugs. Antihypertensives Excessively low blood pressure. Cimetidine Excess sedation. Disulfiram Increased flurazepam effect. Dronabinol Increased effects of both drugs. Avoid. MAO inhibitors Convulsions, deep sedation, rage. Molindone Increased sedative effect. Narcotics Increased sedative effect of both drugs. Sedatives Increased sedative effect of both drugs. Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect of both drugs. Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect of both drugs. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Heavy sedation. Avoid. Beverages None expected. Cocaine Decreased flurazepam effect. Foods None expected. Marijuana Heavy sedation. Avoid. Tobacco Decreased flurazepam effect. AMOBARBITAL BRAND NAMES Amytal Novamobarb Dexamyl Tuinal Isobec BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? Yes Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Sedative, hypnotic (barbiturate) USES Reduces anxiety or nervous tension (low dose). Relieves insomnia (higher bedtime dose). DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet, capsule or liquid--Swallow with food or liquid to lessen stomach irritation. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with liquid or food. When to take: At the same times each day. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: May partially block nerve impulses at nerve-cell connections. Time lapse before drug works: 60 minutes. Don't take with: Non-prescription drugs without consulting doctor. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: Dizziness, drowsiness, Continue. Call doctor "hangover" effect. when convenient. Infrequent: Rash or hives; Discontinue. Call doctor swollen face, lips, right away. eyelids; sore throat, fever. Depression, Continue. Call doctor confusion, slurred when convenient. speech, nausea, vomiting, joint or muscle pain. Rare: Agitation, slow Discontinue. Call doctor heartbeat, breathing right away. difficulty, jaundice. Unexplained bleeding Continue. Call doctor or bruising. when convenient. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Deep sleep, weak pulse, coma. What to do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat use cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to any barbiturate. You have porphyria. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have epilepsy. If you have kidney or liver damage. If you have asthma. If you have anemia. If you have chronic pain. If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia. Over age 60: Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent and severe than in younger persons. Use small doses. Pregnancy: Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use. Breast-feeding: Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for advice on maintaining milk supply. Infants and children: Use only under doctor's supervision. Prolonged use: May cause addiction, anemia, chronic intoxication. May lower body temperature, making exposure to cold temperatures hazardous. Skin and sunlight: May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or sunlamp. Driving, piloting or hazardous work: Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes. Discontinuing: May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's instructions. If you develop withdrawal symptoms of hallucinations, agitation or sleeplessness after discontinuing, call doctor right away. Others: Great potential for abuse. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect Anticoagulants (oral) Decreased anticoagulant effect. Anticonvulsants Changed seizure patterns. Antidepressants Decreased (tricyclics) antidepressant effect. Possible dangerous oversedation. Antidiabetics (oral) Increased amobarbital effect. Antihistamines Dangerous sedation. Avoid. Anti-inflammatory Decreased drugs. anti-inflammatory (non-steroidal) effect. Aspirin Decreased aspirin effect. Beta-adrenergic Decreased effect of blockers beta-adrenergic blocker. Contraceptives (oral) Decreased contraceptive effect. Cortisone drugs Decreased cortisone effect. Digitoxin Decreased digitoxin effect. Doxycycline Decreased doxycycline effect. Dronabinol Increased effects of both drugs. Avoid. Griseofulvin Decreased griseofulvin effect. Indapamide Increased indapamide effect. MAO inhibitors Increased amobarbital effect. Mind-altering drugs Dangerous sedation. Avoid. Narcotics Dangerous sedation. Avoid. Pain relievers Dangerous sedation. Avoid. Sedatives Dangerous sedation. Avoid. Sleep inducers Dangerous sedation. Avoid. Tranquilizers Dangerous sedation. Avoid. Valproic acid Increased amobarbital effect. POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES Interacts With Combined Effect Alcohol Possible fatal oversedation. Avoid. Beverages None expected. Cocaine Decreased amobarbital effect. Foods None expected. Marijuana Excessive sedation. Avoid. Tobacco None expected. CHLORAL HYDRATE BRAND NAMES Aquachloral Novochlorhydrate Aquachloral Supprettes Oradrate Colidrate SK-Chloral Hydrate Noctec BASIC INFORMATION Habit forming? Yes Prescription needed? Yes Available as generic? Yes Drug class: Hypnotic USES Reduces anxiety. Relieves insomnia. DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION How to take: Tablet or capsule--Swallow with milk or food to lessen stomach irritation. Drops--Dilute dose in beverage before swallowing. Suppositories--Remove wrapper and moisten suppository with water. Gently insert larger end into rectum. Push well into rectum with finger. When to take: At the same time each day. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: Affects brain centers that control wakefulness and alertness. Time lapse before drug works: 30 to 60 minutes. POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS Symptoms What To Do Life-threatening: None expected. Common: Nausea, stomach Discontinue. Call doctor pain, vomiting. right away. Infrequent: "Hangover" effect, Continue. Call doctor clumsiness or when convenient. unsteadiness, drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness. Rare: Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call doctor agitation, confusion. right away. Hives, rash. Continue. Call doctor when convenient. OVERDOSE Symptoms: Confusion, weakness, breathing difficulty, stagger, slow or irregular heartbeat. What to do: Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately. If patient is unconscious and not brething, give mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR). Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility. See emergency information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Don't take if: You are allergic to chloral hydrate. Before you start, consult your doctor: If you have had liver, kidney or heart trouble. If you are prone to st